High genotypic diversity of Rhinoviruses obtained from Tunisian children with severe acute respiratory infection.

Introduction: Rhinoviruses (HRV) are among the leading causes of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI). Their burden and genetic diversity vary from one region to another and little is known in Northern African regions. This study describes epidemiological patterns and genotypic diversity of HRV in SARI cases during a two and half year's study, in Northern Tunisia.

Epidemiology of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit: a 2-year prospective study.

Background: There are few data providing rates of nosocomial bloodstream infections (NBI) in pediatric intensive care patients from developing regions of the world.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of NBI in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Methods: A prospective surveillance study from January 2004 through December 2005 was performed in the PICU of the Children's Hospital of Tunis.

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in term and near-term infants with acute respiratory failure: early rescue use.

This study describes a high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) protocol for term and near-term infants with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and reports results of its prospective application. Neonates, with gestational age >or= 34 weeks, were managed with HFOV, if required, on conventional ventilation (CV), a fraction of inspired oxygen (F IO(2)) 0.5, and a mean airway pressure > 10 cm H (2)O to maintain adequate oxygenation or a peak inspiratory pressure > 24 cm H (2)O to maintain tidal volume between 5 and 7 mL/kg of body weight.

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) in pediatric patients with acute respiratory failure, failing conventional ventilation.

Design: A prospective, clinical study.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit.

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in paediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome--early rescue use.

Unlabelled: In order to determine the response to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), used as an "early rescue" therapy, in a cohort of paediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a prospective clinical study was performed in a tertiary care paediatric intensive care unit. Ten consecutive patients, aged 12 days to 5 years with ARDS and hypoxaemic respiratory failure on conventional ventilation (CV), using a lung protective strategy, were managed with HFOV early in the course of the disease process (median length of CV 4 h). Arterial blood gases, oxygenation index (OI), alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (P(A-a)O2) and PaO2/FIO2 ratio were prospectively recorded prior to HFOV (0 h) and at predetermined intervals throughout the course of the HFOV protocol.