Spirothiazolidine-Derivative on Silver Nanoparticles and Carbon Nanotubes: Evaluation of Antibacterial, Anti-Fungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Gastroprotective Activities.

This study aims to develop innovative heterocyclic nanocomposites incorporating silver nanoparticles (SNPs) for potential therapeutic applications targeting infections, gastric ulceration, inflammation, and oxidative damage. By synthesizing new derivatives of spiro-thiazolidine-carbonitrile (Py-ST-X) and incorporating them into Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), we have prepared Ag@Py-ST-X and Ag@Py-ST-X@CNT nanocomposites, respectively. The physical properties of these materials were studied using XRD, TEM, SEM, and Zeta potential techniques.

Effects of leaf extract and purified oleuropein on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in male Wistar rats.

Objectives: Evaluating the effect of fresh Oleaster leaf extract (OLE) and purified oleuropein (OLR) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. HPLC analysis demonstrates the presence of various polyphenol compounds such as ligstroside, luteolin derivative, oleuropein, and comselogoside.

Materials And Methods: Gastric ulcer was induced by administration of ethanol by the gastric gavage route.

Design of a new palladium(ii) halide complex as a bio-active material: synthesis, physico-chemical studies, DFT-computations and evaluation of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-gastric damage activities.

Colorless single crystals of the zero-dimensional hybrid compound, (CHN)[PdCl]·2HO were acquired through the slow evaporation technique. The crystal structure was explored using SC-XRD, which demonstrates that the material crystallizes in the centrosymmetric space group 1̄ of the triclinic system. The density functional theory method at the B3LYP/Lan2mb basis set level was employed to establish the optimized geometry and vibrational frequencies of the title compound.

Fructooligosaccharides from Cynoglossum tubiflorus: Effect of the molecular size on their antidiabetic activity in high-fat diet and alloxan induced diabetic rats.

The use of acetylation followed by silica gel column purification allowed the isolation of eight fructooligosaccharides (FOS) from the ethanol extract of Cynoglossum tubiflorus roots. Each FOS was identified by analyzing its FT-IR, HRMS/MS and NMR data, including H, C and 2D NMR HH COSY, HMBC and NOESY. In diabetic rats treated with a series of FOS from Glc-(Fru) to Glc-(Fru), a significant inhibition of intestinal α-amylase was observed.

Synthesis of Tetracyclic Spirooxindolepyrrolidine-Engrafted Hydantoin Scaffolds: Crystallographic Analysis, Molecular Docking Studies and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities.

In a sustained search for novel potential drug candidates with multispectrum therapeutic application, a series of novel spirooxindoles was designed and synthesized via regioselective three-component reaction between isatin derivatives, 2-phenylglycine and diverse arylidene-imidazolidine-2,4-diones (Hydantoins). The suggested stereochemistry was ascertained by an X-ray diffraction study and NMR spectroscopy. The resulting tetracyclic heterocycles were screened for their in vitro in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity and for their in vitro antimicrobial potency.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new 1,ω-Bis-(5-alkyl-3-tosyl-1,3,4,2-triazaphospholino)alkanes as in vitro α-amylase and lipase inhibitors.

A series of new 1,ω-bis-(5-alkyl-3-tosyl-1,3,4,2-triazaphospholino)alkanes 2 and 3 were obtained in excellent yields by the condensation of 1,ω-bis-(1-tosylamidrazone)alkanes 1 with two equivalent molars of Lawesson's Reagent (LR) and trisdimethylaminophosphine, respectively. All synthesized compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques including IR, H NMR, C NMR and P NMR and elemental analysis. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated against key enzymes related to diabetes and obesity such as α-amylase and lipase.

The Use of D-Optimal Mixture Design in Optimizing Formulation of a Nutraceutical Hard Candy.

The aim of this study was to optimize the formulation of hard candy with antiviral herbal extracts and flowered with peel essential oils. To substitute water fraction, the D-optimal mixture design was used. The optimized mixture fractions of the best hard candy formulation contain extract (10%), Asso extract (3.

subsp. alenda (Ephedraceae) leaf extracts: phytochemical screening, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and anti-toxic activities on diabetic-induced liver-kidney-testes toxicities and inhibition of α-amylase and lipase enzymes.

The study evaluated the phytochemical composition of and its effects on α-amylase and lipase enzymes and diabetic-induced liver-kidney-testes toxicities to determine the anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-toxic potentials of the plant. Obesity was induced by a high-fat and fructose diet (HFFD). Various compounds were identified and quantified: cafeic acid, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, apigenin, rutin, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, p-Coumaric acid and others in EA aqueous extract (EAWE).

Extracts Attenuate Hyperglycemia and Protect against Various Organ Toxicities in Alloxan-Induced Experimental Diabetic Rats.

In this study, we attempted for the first time to determine the phytochemical compositions and biopharmaceutical properties of methanol extract (GAME) and water extract (GAWE). High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis was performed to establish the chemical profile of the investigated extracts. Chemical composition analysis was taken in the presence of various bioactive compounds such as quercetin 7-O-glucoside and apigenin 7-O-glucoside in GAME.

Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Spiropyrrolo[1,2-]isoquinoline Derivatives via Diastereoselective and Regiodivergent Three-Component 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions: and Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Activity of Rhodanine Analogues.

An efficient diastereoselective route is developed to get access to novel spiropyrrolo[1,2-]isoquinoline-oxindole skeletons by a -component [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of ()-5-arylidene-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-diones, isatin derivatives, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ). Interestingly, the regioselectivity of the reaction is both temperature- and solvent-dependent, allowing the synthesis of two regioisomeric -dispiropyrrolo[2,1-]isoquinolineoxindoles in excellent yield. Unprecedentedly, each isomeric dispiropyrrolo[2,1-]isoquinolineoxindole endured 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/recycloaddition reactions under thermal or catalytic conditions to regenerate the corresponding regioisomeric counterpart.

Antihyperlipidemic, Antihyperglycemic, and Liver Function Protection of var. Meski Stone and Seed Extracts: LC-ESI-HRMS-Based Composition Analysis.

Methanol and methanol/water extracts of olive stones and seeds from var. meski were analyzed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 28 metabolites were identified; among them are hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, phenolic alcohols, flavonoids and flavonoid glucosides, secoiridoids, and terpenes.

Synthesis, antidiabetic activity and molecular docking study of rhodanine-substitued spirooxindole pyrrolidine derivatives as novel α-amylase inhibitors.

In a sustained search for novel α-amylase inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we report herein the synthesis of a series of nineteen novel rhodanine-fused spiro[pyrrolidine-2,3'-oxindoles]. They were obtained by one-pot three component [3 + 2] cycloaddition of stabilized azomethine ylides, generated in situ by condensation of glycine methyl ester and the cyclic ketones 1H-indole-2,3-dione (isatin), with (Z)-5-arylidine-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-ones. The highlight of this protocol is the efficient high-yield construction of structurally diverse rhodanine-fused spiro[pyrrolidine-2,3'-oxindoles] scaffolds, including four contiguous stereocenters, along with excellent regio- and diastereoselectivities.

Anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-antipyretic and analgesic activities of extracts.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycaemic, analgesic and antipyretic activities of (GA).

Materials And Methods: GA methanol and water extracts (GAME, GAWE) were administered to high-fat-high-glucose diet (HFFD) rats.

Results: This study showed that GAME exhibited the highest antioxidant, anti-α-amylase and anti-lipase activities, with half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values 0.

Occurrence of 40 pharmaceutically active compounds in hospital and urban wastewaters and their contribution to Mahdia coastal seawater contamination.

In the present study, the occurrence of 40 pharmaceuticals belonging to several therapeutic groups was investigated for the first time in hospital effluent, wastewater treatment plant influent and effluent, and seawater in Mahdia, Tunisia. Forty-six samples were collected within a 6-month sampling period. Pharmaceuticals were analyzed using solid-phase extraction followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.

Imipenem toxicity in male reproductive organs as a result of inflammatory microenvironment and oxidative stress in germinal cells.

Imipenem is a beta-Lactam antibiotic characterized by a broad spectrum of activity. It is prescribed to treat severe infections. Our goal is to investigate toxicity induced in male rat reproductive systems following exposure to this drug (15, 50 or 100 mg/kg) compared to gentamicin (50 mg/kg) treatment.

Phytoestrogens inhibit key-enzymes linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes and liver-kidney toxicity in high fructose-fat diet in mice.

To evaluate the effect of the administration of phytoestrogens on obesity, type 2 diabetes, and liver-kidney toxicity. Phytoestrogens (phyto(E2)) were administrated to high fructose-fat diet (HFFD). This study showed that administration of phyto(E2) to HFFD-mice inhibited lipase activity by 34%, decreased body weight by 20% and modulated lipid profile, showed a decrease in total-cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) rates in the plasma by 59% and 42%, respectively, and increased the HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) level by 31%.

Modulatory Effect of an Isolated Triglyceride from Fenugreek Seed Oil on of α-Amylase, Lipase and ACE Activities, Liver-Kidney Functions and Metabolic Disorders of Diabetic Rats.

This study was designed to examine physicochemical characteristics, chemical compositions and biological activities of fenugreek seed oil (FSO) and its pure triglyceride (TG). One fenugreek TG was purified using a bioassay-guided fractionation and administrated to surviving diabetic rats. The free fatty acids percentage as well as, the peroxide, the saponification and the iodine values were 2%, 12 mequiv.

The cruciferous Diplotaxis simplex: Phytochemistry analysis and its protective effect on liver and kidney toxicities, and lipid profile disorders in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a prevalent systemic disease affecting an important proportion of the population worldwide. It has been suggested that excessive reactive oxygen species generation and therefore development of an oxidative stress status is a key factor leading to diabetic complications. Accordingly, it seems that medicinal plants can offer a wide range of new antidiabetic drugs.

Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactant effects on hyperglycemia, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and kidney function in rats fed on high-fat-high-fructose diet.

This study investigated the protective and the curative effects of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 crude lipopeptide biosurfactant in alleviating induced obesity complications in rats fed on high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFFD). Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups with the following treatment schedule: normal diet-fed rats (CD), HFFD-fed rats, HFFD-fed rats supplemented with SPB1 biosurfactant from the first day of the experiment (HFFD + Bios1), rats fed on HFFD receiving standard drug (HFFD + Torva), or SPB1 biosurfactant (HFFD + Bios2) during the last 4 weeks of the study. HFFD induced hyperglycemia, manifested by a significant (p < 0.

Protective and curative effects of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactant on high-fat-high-fructose diet induced hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia and deterioration of liver function in rats.

This study was aimed to assess the plausible anti-obesity effects of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 crude lipopeptide biosurfactant on high fat high fructose diet-fed rats (HFFD). Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups with the following treatment schedule: normal diet (CD), HFFD, HFFD supplemented with SPB1 biosurfactant from the first day of the experiment (HFFD+Bios1, 10mg/kg/day), HFFD receiving standard drug (HFFD+Torva, 10mg/kg/day) or SPB1 biosurfactant (HFFD+Bios2, 10mg/kg/day) during the last 4 weeks of the study. The results showed an increase in body weight of HFFD by ∼19% as compared to controls (CD).

Ameliorating effects of goby fish protein hydrolysates on high-fat-high-fructose diet-induced hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and deterioration of kidney function in rats.

This study investigated the therapeutic potential of undigested goby fish (Zosterisessor ophiocephalus) muscle proteins (UGP) and their hydrolysates on high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFFD)-fed rats. HFFD induced hyperglycemia, manifested by a significant increase in the levels of glucose and glycogen as well as α-amylase activity when compared to normal rats. The administration of GPHs to HFFD-fed rats significantly decreased α-amylase activity and the contents of blood glucose and hepatic glycogen.

Assessment of the antidiabetic and antilipidemic properties of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactant in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

The present study aimed to scrutinize the potential of Bacillus subtilis SPB1biosurfactant, orally administered, for preventing diabetic complications in rats. The findings revealed that, Bacillus subtilis biosurfactant was an effective reducer of α-amylase activity in the plasma. Moreover, this supplement helped protect the β-cells from death and damage.

Synthesis and evaluation of new bis-1,3,4,2-triazaphospholinoalkane derivatives as in vitro α-amylase and lipase inhibitors.

A series of new 1,ω-bis-(5-alkyl-2-oxide-3-tosyl-1,3,4,2-triazaphospholino)alkanes 2 and 3 were prepared in good yields by the treatment of 1,ω-bis-(1-tosylamidrazone)alkanes 1 with two molar equivalents of phosphoryl trichloride and phenylphosphonic dichloride, respectively. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, (1) H NMR, (13) C NMR, (31) P NMR, and elemental analysis. All the new compounds were screened for their inhibitory effect on the key enzymes related to diabetes and obesity, as α-amylase and lipase.

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of protein hydrolysates from zebra blenny (Salaria basilisca) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

The present study investigates the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of protein hydrolysates obtained from zebra blenny (Salaria basilisca) muscles treated with three different crude alkaline protease extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats (AIDR). Analysis of amino acid composition revealed that zebra blenny protein hydrolysates (ZBPHs) were valuable sources of essential amino acids and rich in leucine, which is one of the active ingredients for blood glucose control by inducing insulin release in both rats and humans. Treatment of AIDR with ZBPHs revealed a significant inhibition of α-amylase activity in serum and the intestine, as well as a reduction of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in diabetic rats.