Ethnicity differences in geometric remodelling and myocardial composition in hypertension unveiled by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Aims: Hypertensive patients of African ancestry (Afr-a) have higher incidences of heart failure and worse clinical outcomes than hypertensive patients of European ancestry (Eu-a), yet the underlying mechanisms remain misunderstood. This study investigated right (RV) and left (LV) ventricular remodelling alongside myocardial tissue derangements between Afr-a and Eu-a hypertensives.

Methods And Results: 63 Afr-a and 47 Eu-a hypertensives underwent multi-parametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Outcomes With Intermediate Left Main Disease: Analysis From the ISCHEMIA Trial.

Background: Patients with significant (≥50%) left main disease (LMD) have a high risk of cardiovascular events, and guidelines recommend revascularization to improve survival. However, the impact of intermediate LMD (stenosis, 25%-49%) on outcomes is unclear.

Methods: Randomized ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches) participants who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography at baseline were categorized into those with (25%-49%) and without (<25%) intermediate LMD.

NHS England-funded CT fractional flow reserve in the era of the ISCHEMIA trial.

Background: The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2016 guidelines (CG95) recommend patients with new stable chest pain be investigated with computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA). An updated guideline (MTG32) recommended using CT fractional flow reserve (CTFFR) as a gatekeeper to invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for patients with coronary stenosis on CTCA. Subsequently, NHS England negotiated a UK-wide contract with HeartFlow, the provider of CTFFR.

Computed tomography coronary angiography: Diagnostic yield and downstream testing.

Background: The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) updated its guidelines on stable chest pain in 2016 and recommended computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) as first line investigation for all patients with new onset symptoms. We implemented the guideline and audited downstream testing.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective search of the local radiology database from January 2017 to May 2018.

CT coronary angiography: a paradigm shift for functional imaging tests.

The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) have just updated their guideline on new-onset stable chest pain, recommending that all patients should be investigated with a CT coronary angiography (CTCA). In a separate guideline, NICE recommended CT fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR), to assess coronary stenoses, found on CTCA, stating that this would reduce the need for invasive coronary angiography and hence reduce cost. We discuss the evidence base for CT-FFR and emphasise that we already have established functional imaging tests, with extensive evidence base for efficacy and prognosis and that CT-FFR should be compared with this standard of care and not with the much more expensive and invasive fractional flow reserve undertaken during invasive coronary angiography.

Prognostic Value of Quantitative Stress Perfusion Cardiac Magnetic Resonance.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the prognostic usefulness of visual and quantitative perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) ischemic burden in an unselected group of patients and to assess the validity of consensus-based ischemic burden thresholds extrapolated from nuclear studies.

Background: There are limited data on the prognostic value of assessing myocardial ischemic burden by CMR, and there are none using quantitative perfusion analysis.

Methods: Patients with suspected coronary artery disease referred for adenosine-stress perfusion CMR were included (n = 395; 70% male; age 58 ± 13 years).

The safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of stress echocardiography in patients with high pretest probability of coronary artery disease.

Objective: In this study, we assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of stress echocardiography (SE), as well as the place of SE in patients with high pretest probability (PTP) of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: We investigated 257 patients with no history of CAD, who underwent SE, and they had a PTP risk score >61% (high PTP). According to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance (NICE CG95, 2010), these patients should be investigated directly with an invasive coronary angiogram (ICA).

The 2016 update to NICE CG95 guideline for the -investigation of new onset stable chest pain: more -innovation, but at a cost?

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published an update on its guideline on chest pain of recent onset in 2016. The new guideline makes three key changes to the 2010 version. NICE recommend that the previously proposed pre-test probability risk score should no longer be used.

Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease in Masters Endurance Athletes With a Low Atherosclerotic Risk Profile.

Background: Studies in middle-age and older (masters) athletes with atherosclerotic risk factors for coronary artery disease report higher coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores compared with sedentary individuals. Few studies have assessed the prevalence of coronary artery disease in masters athletes with a low atherosclerotic risk profile.

Methods: We assessed 152 masters athletes 54.

Usefulness of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Left Ventricular Wall Thickness for Determining Risk Scores for Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Echocardiography-derived measurements of maximum left ventricular (LV) wall thickness are important for both the diagnosis and risk stratification of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is increasingly being used in the assessment of HC; however, little is known about the relation between wall thickness measurements made by the 2 modalities. We sought to compare measurements made with echocardiography and CMR and to assess the impact of any differences on risk stratification using the current European Society of Cardiology guidelines.

The prognostic role of stress echocardiography in a contemporary population and the clinical significance of limited apical ischaemia.

Introduction: In this study, we aim to reassess the prognostic value of stress echocardiography (SE) in a contemporary population and to evaluate the clinical significance of limited apical ischaemia, which has not been previously studied.

Methods: We included 880 patients who underwent SE. Follow-up data with regards to MACCE (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, any repeat revascularisation and cerebrovascular accident) were collected over 12 months after the SE.

Pre-test probability risk scores and their use in contemporary management of patients with chest pain: One year stress echo cohort study.

Objectives: To compare how patients with chest pain would be investigated, based on the two guidelines available for UK cardiologists, on the management of patients with stable chest pain. The UK National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) guideline which was published in 2010 and the European society of cardiology (ESC) guideline published in 2013. Both guidelines utilise pre-test probability risk scores, to guide the choice of investigation.

Comparison of ESC and NICE guidelines for patients with suspected coronary artery disease: evaluation of the pre-test probability risk scores in clinical practice.

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) have recently published guidelines for investigating patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Both provide a risk score (RS) to assess the pre-test probability for CAD to guide clinicians to undertake the most effective investigation. The aim of the study was to establish whether there is a difference between the two RS models.

Comparison of clinical efficacy and cost of a cardiac imaging strategy versus a traditional exercise test strategy for the investigation of patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease.

We evaluated the clinical efficacy and cost of a cardiac imaging strategy versus a traditional exercise tolerance test (ETT) strategy for the investigation of suspected stable coronary artery disease (CAD). We retrospectively collected data of consecutive patients seen in rapid access chest pain clinics at 2 UK hospitals for a period of 12 months. Hospital A investigated patients by performing ETT.

Computed tomography coronary angiography: Is radiation a concern for the gold standard test for anomalous coronary arteries?

Multi-detector computed tomography is now an established modality for the investigation of coronary artery disease.1,2^ 64-Slice multi-detector computed tomography is the standard requirement by the British society of cardiac imaging and can image the whole heart in four heart beats. The 320 slice multi-detector computed tomography can image the heart in one heart beat, but both technologies depend on B-blockers to slow the patient's heart rate to 60 beats per minute to ensure excellent image quality and low radiation dose.