Health risk assessment and contamination of lead and cadmium levels in sediments of the northwestern Arabian Gulf coast.

This environmental assessment focuses on the coastal sediments of the Al-Khafji area in the Saudi Arabian Gulf, with an analysis of the human health risks posed by lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contamination. Single and integrated indices were used to detect contamination and evaluate these metals' non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic impacts on adults and children through ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation pathways. Sediment quality guidelines and contamination indices indicated the absence of significant contamination levels.

Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals contamination in mangrove sediments, Red Sea coast.

Due to the significance of mangroves for the diversity of marine and terrestrial life along the Red Sea coast, the present work aimed to evaluate the environmental and health risk of heavy metals in Wadi el-Gemal sediments. The findings of single and integrated indices demonstrated no significant pollution with Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, and Cd, while the sediments showed severe and minor enrichment with Mn and Cd, respectively, which might be attributed to the presence of some mining activities in the mountains near the study area. The possible carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks due to their dermal absorption from the sediments were analyzed and the findings demonstrated that the non-carcinogenic health hazards were within tolerable and safe limits.

Heavy metal pollution in surface sediments and human health assessment in southern Al-Khobar coast, Saudi Arabia.

Surface sediment samples from twenty-nine stations in south Al-Khobar coastline, Arabian Gulf, have been examined to assess the heavy metal contamination and impact on human health through dermal contact. The content in Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Co, Hg and Ni, was evaluated. Pollution index, modified degree of contamination, and pollution load index agreed to exclude heavy metal pollution.

Contamination and health risk assessment of arsenic and chromium in coastal sediments of Al-Khobar area, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia.

The contamination and health risks by arsenic and chromium in the Al-Khobar coastal area, Arabian Gulf, have been assessed by examining 29 samples of surface sediment. Several single and complex indices were accounted to assess contamination, while the chronic daily intake (CDI), the hazard index (HI) and the total lifetime cancer risk (LCR) were applied to assess human health. The studied sediments showed absence or low level of As and Cr contamination.

Benthic Foraminifera as Bio-indicators of Coastal Marine Environmental Contamination in the Red Sea-Gulf of Aqaba, Saudi Arabia.

To assess heavy metals contamination in shallow marine environments using benthic foraminifera as bio-indicators. Forty-six species of foraminifera were found in 33 benthic samples from the Saudi Arabian coast of the Red Sea-Gulf of Aqaba. Forty-six species belonging to 27 genera and 10 families under the Textularina, Rotalina, and Miliolina suborders were recorded in the study area.

Evaluation of coastal sediments for heavy metal contamination, Yanbu area, Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia.

To evaluate the heavy metal contamination, ecological risk and possible sources at Saudi Yanbu coastline, 30 sediment samples were collected for Fe, Pb, Ni, As, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Al, Sb, Cd, and TOC analyses using ICP-MS. The potential ecological risk index (PERI), enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (CF), potential contamination index (Cp), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), soil pollution index (SPI) were calculated and interpreted, and multivariate analyses were applied. The results indicated the following order for metal averages: Al (8573 μg/g) > Fe (5895 μg/g) > Mn (192 μg/g) > Zn (80.

Distribution, source, contamination, and ecological risk status of heavy metals in the Red Sea-Gulf of Aqaba coastal sediments, Saudi Arabia.

To investigate the distribution, source, contamination, and ecological risk status of heavy metals in the Red Sea-Gulf of Aqaba coast, Saudi Arabia, 33 surface sediment samples were collected for Fe, Zn, Sb, Co, Cu, Hg, Pb, Mn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, and TOC analysis using ICP-MS. Three single and three multi-element contamination indices were used to assess the sediment quality. Evaluation of the three single pollution indices suggested some contamination or anthropogenic inputs with Cu, Cd, Hg, and, to a great extent, As.

Contamination and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals pollution from the Shalateen coastal sediments, Red Sea, Egypt.

To assess the contamination and ecological risk assessment of the Shalateen coastal sediments, Red Sea, Egypt, 35 samples were collected to analyze Cu, Sr, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, and total organic matter with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Several indices were calculated to estimate the contamination levels. The results indicated the following order of metal concentrations: Fe > Sr > Mn > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > Co > Cd, and revealed that the investigated sediments are highly enriched and contaminated with Sr, Cd, Pb and Zn.

Distribution and metal contamination in the coastal sediments of Dammam Al-Jubail area, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia.

Present work aims to document the distribution and metal contamination in the coastal sediments of the Dammam Al-Jubail area, Saudi Arabian Gulf. Twenty-six samples were collected for Al, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg, Sr, As, Fe, Co and Ni analysis. Results of enrichment factor indicated that Sr, Cd, Cu, Hg, V, As, Ni, Cr and Zn gave enrichment factors higher than 2 (98.

Environmental assessment of coastal surface sediments at Tarut Island, Arabian Gulf (Saudi Arabia).

Thirty eight surface sediments samples have been collected in the area around Tarut Island, Saudi Arabian Gulf to determine the spatial distribution of metals, and to assess the magnitude of pollution. Total concentrations of Fe, Mn, As, B, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Pb, Se, and Zn in the sediments were measured using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer). Nature of sediments and heavy metals distribution reflect marked changes in lithology, biological activities in Tarut bay.