A Case of Prostatic Signet-Ring Cell-like Carcinoma with Pagetoid Spread and Intraductal Carcinoma and Long-Term Survival: PD-L1 and Mismatch Repair System Proteins (MMR) Immunohistochemical Evaluation with Systematic Literature Review.

Prostatic adenocarcinoma (PA) is the second most common malignancy in men globally. Signet-ring cell-like adenocarcinoma (SRCC) is a very rare PA subtype, with around 200 cases reported in the English literature. Histologically, the tumor cells show a vacuole compressing the nucleus to the periphery.

Metaplastic Matrix-Producing Carcinoma and Apocrine Lobular Carcinoma In Situ Associated with Microglandular Adenosis: A Unique Case Report.

Microglandular adenosis is a non-lobulocentric haphazard proliferation of small round glands composed of a single layer of flat to cuboidal epithelial cells. The glandular structures lack a myoepithelial layer; however, they are surrounded by a basement membrane. Its clinical course is benign, when it is not associated with invasive carcinoma.

Alveolar bone response distal to applied orthodontic forces in ovariectomized rats.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the application of orthodontic tooth forces on the alveolar bone distal to the loaded teeth, in ovariectomized female rats.

Methods: Twenty-four eight-month-old Wistar rats were divided into one group ovariectomized at the age of six months and one control. An orthodontic appliance delivering a mesial traction force of 60 gr* was placed on the right maxillary 1 molar of all animals for 14 days.

Tumor to Tumor Metastasis from Adenocarcinoma Not Otherwise Specified of the Parotid Gland to Uterine Leiomyoma: Presentation of a Unique Case.

Salivary gland adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS) is a malignant epithelial tumor composed of ductal/glandular structures with or without cystic formation. Histologically it is classified as high grade with relevant biological behavior. Although both minor and major glands may be involved, the majority (60%) implicate the parotid gland.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the ovary. Review of the literature.

Purpose: Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the ovary is rare. Most cases arise from a cystic teratoma or less frequently from Brenner tumor or endometriosis. We reviewed 36 cases of primary ovarian SCC reported in the literature including a case diagnosed and treated in our institution.

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma with Extracellular Mucin Production: Description of a Case and Review of the Literature.

Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast is the second most common subtype of breast carcinoma. It accounts for 5-15% of the breast carcinoma cases reported. It shows a different metastatic pattern compared to invasive carcinoma of no special type.

Primary peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the adrenal gland: a rare entity.

Purpose: Ewing Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (ES/PNET) is a malignant small round cell tumor belonging to the Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors. It occurs more commonly in children and young adults. Its localization in the adrenal gland is extremely rare.

Vascular endothelial growth factor for the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis: An experimental study in canines.

Aim: To evaluate the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) with the use of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Methods: In 30 mature beagles (6 groups of 5 beagles) ONFH was induced cryosurgically and one of the following solutions was administered locally in the femoral head (FH) in each group: Single injection of 500 μg VEGF (t-VEGFμ group); single injection of 500 ng VEGF (t-VEGFn group); continuous delivery of 500 μg VEGF through osmotic micropump (t-VEGFpump-μ group); continuous delivery of 500 ng VEGF through osmotic micropump (t-VEGFpump-n group); single injection of 0.9% sodium chloride (t-NS group), while one group that served as control group did not receive any local solution (No-t group).

The effect of osteopenia on tooth movement in ovariectomized rats. An experimental study.

Objective: The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate in depth the effects of osteopenia related to the rate, as well as to the quality of orthodontic tooth movement, by combining experimental ovariectomy and molar movement in rats.

Methods: Twenty-four six-month-old female Wistar rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into two groups consisting of twelve animals each: Group A (control group) was subjected to orthodontic movement of the upper right first molars.

Lymphoepithelioma-like breast carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma is an undifferentiated carcinoma in a dominated lymphoplasma-histiocyte stroma. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast is the mammary counterpart of the lymphoepithelioma of the nasopharynx and is characterised by proliferation of poorly differentiated malignant cells within a prominent lymphoid infiltrate. It is a very rare primary carcinoma of the breast first reported in 1994 by Kumar and Kumar.

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast: the challenge of diagnosing a rare entity.

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is an extremely rare variant of primary breast tumor which is histologically similar to mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary and pancreas. Herein we report a case of a 63 years old woman diagnosed with diverse histological types of non-synchronous rare primary breast tumors, a medullary carcinoma of the right breast and a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the left breast. Macroscopically the neoplasm appeared multilocular filled with mucoid material.

Effects of mechanical loading on the expression of pleiotrophin and its receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta in a rat spinal deformity model.

Mechanical loading of the spine is a major causative factor of degenerative changes and causes molecular and structural changes in the intervertebral disc (IVD) and the vertebrae end plate (EP). Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a growth factor with a putative role in bone remodeling through its receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta (RPTPβ/ζ). The present study investigates the effects of strain on PTN and RPTPβ/ζ protein expression in vivo.

Macrophage-specific metalloelastase (MMP-12) immunoexpression in the osteochondral unit in osteoarthritis correlates with BMI and disease severity.

Background: Metalloproteinase 12 (MMP-12) is induced in chondrocytes during fetal development and malignant transformation.

Objectives: The aim of our study is to examine the expression of MMP-12 in the cartilage and the subchondral bone of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and to correlate its expression with disease severity and anthropometric characteristics.

Methods: Overall, 60 sections from 20 patients with idiopathic OA, were examined for the immunolocalization of MMP-12.

Expression of macrophage elastase (MMP12) in rat tail intervertebral disc and growth plate after asymmetric loading.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine whether asymmetric loading influences macrophage elastase (MMP12) expression in different parts of a rat tail intervertebral disc and growth plate and if MMP12 expression is correlated with the severity of the deformity.

Methods: A wedge deformity between the ninth and tenth tail vertebrae was produced with an Ilizarov-type mini external fixator in 45 female Wistar rats, matched for their age and weight. Three groups were created according to the degree of deformity (10°, 30° and 50°).

Chondroprotective effect of high-dose zoledronic acid: An experimental study in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis.

To address the need to impact the subchondral bone-articular cartilage interaction for the treatment of degenerative osteoarthritis (OA), bisphosphonates may be used as a means to inhibit the subchondral bone resorption. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the chondroprotective effect of zoledronic acid (ZOL) in a model of OA. Eighteen adult male rabbits underwent an anterior cruciate ligament transection and were separated into two groups: ZOL group (n=10) received 0.

Biological response to β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium sulfate synthetic graft material: an experimental study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a biphasic synthetic bone graft material composed of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and calcium sulfate (CS) in 12 New Zealand rabbits.

Materials And Methods: A circular bicortical critical-size cranial defect was created in each of 12 rabbits. The defects were grafted with β-TCP/CS.

Subchondral cyst development and MMP-1 expression during progression of osteoarthritis: an immunohistochemical study.

Background: Subchondral bone cyst (SBC) formation is often identified in patients with osteoarthritis. Furthermore, several studies have shown that expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is elevated in patients with OA.

Objectives: The aim of our study is to correlate the presence of SBCs and MMP-1 expression with the osteochondral alterations during OA progression.

Expression of the growth factor pleiotrophin and its receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta in the serum, cartilage and subchondral bone of patients with osteoarthritis.

Objectives: Pleiotrophin is a heparin-binding growth factor expressed in embryonic but not mature cartilage, suggesting a role in cartilage development. Elucidation of the molecular changes observed during the remodelling process in osteoarthritis is of paramount importance. This study aimed to investigate serum pleiotrophin levels and expression of pleiotrophin and its receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta in the cartilage and subchondral bone of osteoarthritis patients.

Distraction-like phenomena in maxillary bone due to application of orthodontic forces in ovariectomized rats.

Background: Orthodontic forces may not only influence the dentoalveolar system, but also the adjacent and surrounding cortical bone.

Aim: Since there is very limited information on this issue, we aimed to study the possible changes in maxillary cortical bone following the application of heavy orthodontic forces in mature normal and osteoporotic rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four 6-month-old female rats were selected and divided into an ovariectomized group and a normal group.

A rare case of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a middle-aged female.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are distinct entities with specific characteristics immunohistochemically and molecularly. They are regarded as "intermediate malignancy" tumors of unknown etiology. We report a case of a 64-years-old woman with a fever and abdominal discomfort for 3 months; a computer tomography was performed indicating gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis with favorable outcome in hemodialysis: an unusual case with a literature review.

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis is a rare condition of a poorly understood pathogenesis with recognized risk factors, such as medications, surgical interventions, systemic diseases, and malignancies. In endstage renal disease it has been associated with chronic peritoneal dialysis. We hereby report the case of a 59-year-old male hemodialysis patient, who was never treated with peritoneal dialysis and developed an unexplained massive ascites 4 months post laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones.

Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma in combination with a biphasic synthetic graft material on bone healing in critical-size cranial defects.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the osteogenic potential of a biphasic synthetic graft material composed of hydroxyapatite and beta-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) in critical-size cranial defects in rabbits.

Materials And Methods: Three circular bicortical critical-size cranial defects were created in each of 18 rabbits. The first of the defects was grafted with autologous PRP and HA/β-TCP, the second was grafted with HA/β-TCP without PRP, and the third was left unfilled as a negative control.

Experimental study of the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma on the early phases of osteoinduction by allogenic demineralized bone matrix.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the early phases of osteoinduction by allogenic demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in rabbit intramuscular positions.

Materials And Methods: Allogenic DBM was produced from bones of 3 healthy rabbits. In each of 6 experimental animals, 0.

Primary synovial chondrosarcoma of the hip joint in a 45-year-old male: case report and literature review.

Synovial chondrosarcoma is a rare tumor, seen most commonly arising from antecedent synovial chondromatosis, the more common benign entity. The distinction between the two can be difficult on the basis of clinical, imaging, and histologic criteria. The authors report a case of pathologically proven synovial chondrosarcoma of the hip in a 45-year-old male initially treated for presumed synovial chondromatosis.