[Effect of benzonal and hyperbaric oxygenation on the intensity of the lipid peroxidation process and activity of the antioxidant system in patient with acute diffuse peritonitis].

Postsurgical patients with acute general peritonitis display clear disturbances in processes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative defence. Conventional methods of treatment that have come to be used in the postoperative period to deal with the trouble do not permit achieving an optimum result. Supplementation of the complex of therapeutic measures with hyperbaric oxigenation appeared to have an insignificant effect on the parameters under study.

[Efficiency of sorption therapy with the enterosorbent BC-1 in experimental hypercholesterolemia].

A hypercholesterolemic effect has been examined of the enterosorbent BC-1 capable of binding cholesterol from the standardized solution and bile in in vitro experiments in rats with induced hypercholesterolemia. The results secured suggest to us a high sorption capability of the new sorbent with respect to cholesterol.

[Effect of benzonal on the absorptive-secretory function in the liver of immature rabbits in post-compression period of long-term compression syndrome].

The absorptive-secretory function of hepatocytes using chromodiagnostic test by means of cardiogrin in rabbits at the age of 1 month in postcompression period of prolonged compression syndrome (PCS) was studied. It was established that the given function of hepatocytes was sufficiently and stably depressed for PCS. By effect of inductor of hepatocytes' monooxygenase system benzonal the disorders in parameters of cardiogreen pharmacokinetics are being distinctly removed.

[The liver monooxygenase system activity in the long-term compression syndrome and treatment with benzonal in prepubertal rats and rabbits].

A compression syndrome was reproduced in rats and rabbits aged one month. Efficacy of the benzonal treatment in the postcompression period was evaluated by measuring the parameters of antipyrin pharmacokinetics, hexenal sleep duration, and the level of medium-molecular-weight (MMW) peptides in the blood serum. It was established that benzonal restored the detoxicating liver function (significantly reduced in animals with the compression syndrome) and eliminated the pronounced endotoxemia manifestations.

[Phytin efficacy in correction of the impaired detoxication liver function in the long-term compression syndrome in rats in prepubertal period].

The compression syndrome was reproduced in rats aged one month and the efficacy of phytin in correcting the activity infringement and restoring the content of basic components of the hepatocyte monooxygenase enzyme system was studied in the postcompression period. The compression led to pronounced inhibition of the activity of aniline hydroxylase and amidopyrine M-demethylase, reduced the content of liver microsomal protein and cytochromes P-450 and b5, and increased the level of medium- molecular-weight (MMW) peptides in the blood serum. A six-day treatment with phytin restored the normal level of the liver monooxygenase system components and MMW peptides.

[Anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity of KhTM preparation].

The studies made suggest XTM to be endowed with an apparent antiexudative and antiproliferative activities superior to current non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents. Taking into account the above drug's low activity, wide spectrum of its therapeutic action, it will, we believe, come to be widely used as an effective antiinflammatory remedy.

[A comparative study of the efficacy of pharmacological agents in regulating the level of NADPH in the hepatocytes in an acute lesion].

Experiments on mice with acute toxic damage to the liver induced by thioacetamide (200 mg/kg) demonstrated inhibited activity of enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), NADPH-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase in the hepatocyte mitochondrial and microsomal-cytosol fractions. Pharmacotherapy with membranostabilizers and cytochrome P-450 inducers activated the enzymes under study, the degree of activation depended on agents used.

[The efficacy of Kvamatel and Omez in correcting disorders of the antioxidant system of the digestive tract organs in experimental duodenal ulcer].

Experiments were performed on male albino rats with acetate duodenal ulcer to detect the changes in the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes--superoxydedismutase and catalase in the tissues of the liver, stomach, duodenum, and small intestine. The pronounced character of the changes depended on the degree of destruction and involvement of the intestinal system organs in the pathological process. Experimental quamatel or omez therapy corrected the detected changes in the antioxidant status of the tissues.

[A method for stimulating the protective mechanisms of the gastric mucosa in peptic ulcer].

It was shown on an experimental model of chronic gastric ulcer in rats that administration of microsomal oxidation inductors benzonal (benzobarbital) and phenobarbital in a dose of 50 mg/kg for 10 days significantly increases the content of cytochrome P-450 in the gastric mucosa. The increased content of P-450 promotes stimulation of the synthesis of mucosal barrier glycoproteins. The cytoprotective effect of famotidine in a dose of 100 mg/kg and sucralfate in a dose of 400 mg/kg proved to be much weaker than that of the inductors.

[Hepatic blood flow and the liver mono-oxygenase system in patients with ischemic heart disease].

The hepatic blood flow and monooxygenase system activity were studied in 68 ischemic [correction of coronary] heart disease patients aged 37-68 [correction of 40-80] years who had functional class III-IV effort angina and 12 healthy volunteers matched by age. An analysis of the finding indicated that in patients with angina pectoris, the hepatic blood flow index decreased, the pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrin impaired, the degree of these impairments depended on the severity of the clinical course of angina pectoris.

[A comparative study of the effect of hepatoprotectors and inducers on cardiogreen pharmacokinetics in acute toxic hepatitis in the prepuberty period].

CCl4 given to Chinchilla rabbits aged 1 month caused impaired pharmacokinetics of cardiogrin, indicating suppression of absorptive and excretory functions of the liver in prepuberty. Silibor was found to produce no substantial restorative effects on hepatic absorptive and excretory functions in acute toxic hepatitis in the growing body. Phytin was shown to be not inferior to zyxorin and benzonal was superior to all the agents under study in activity.

[The effect of phytin, benzonal and their combination administered prophylactically on the pharmacodynamics of drugs metabolized in the liver in hypokinesia].

Hexenal, meprobamate, amidopyrine and ethylmorphine produced a significantly marked effect in animals under hypokinesia as compared with normal rats. When phytin, benzonal and their combination were used for preventive purposes, impaired pharmacodynamics of the tested drugs metabolizing in the liver disappeared. The investigations demonstrated that the preventive use of phytin in combination with benzonal is the most optimal in correcting the impairments of drug pharmacodynamics in hypokinesia.

[The efficacy of hepatoprotectors and cytochrome P-450 inducers in correcting the functional activity of the hepatocyte microsomal system in an acute lesion of the liver in prepuberty].

Intragastric CCl4 inhibited the activity of and lowered the levels of the major components of the hepatic monoohygenase enzyme system in one-month rats. Benzonal was found to be more effective in correcting the impaired monooxygenase enzyme system of hepatic cells in immature rats with acute hepatitis than silibor, phytin and zyxorin.

[The correction of disorders in the pharmacodynamics of drugs metabolized in the liver in the postnatal ontogeny of rats with acute hepatitis].

It has been established in experiments on 30 day albino rats that in acute hepatitis, the pharmacodynamics of the test drugs hexenal, amidopyrine and ethylmorphine metabolized in the liver is considerably potentiated. In contrast to silibor, phytin and zixorine, experimental therapy with benzonal brings about a complete recovery of the pharmacodynamics of the drugs under study. It is believed that benzonal holds promise in pediatrics as a remedy that restores the detoxifying potency of the liver.

[The advantages of benzonal as an inducer of the liver mono-oxygenase enzyme system compared to phenobarbital].

It is stated that phenobarbital used as the most potent inductor of the monoxygenase enzymic system of the liver in different pathologies has substantial side effects. In this connection the search of active inductive agents devoid of phenobarbital deficiencies is an important issue. Zixorene, a Hungarian drug developed to solve the problem, is weak as an inductor and has deficiencies of its own.

[The state of the microsomal oxidative system in the rat liver during fecal peritonitis].

Content and activity of cytochrome P-450, activity of main microsomal enzymes as well as content of glycogen, lactic and pyruvic acids were studied in liver tissue of rats within 24, 48 and 72 hrs after simulation of acute fecal peritonitis. Inhibition of the enzymatic activity of microsomal oxidative system correlated with hypoxia which developed in liver tissue within all the periods of acute fecal peritonitis studied. At the same time, catalytic activity of cytochrome P-450 was increased towards substrates of the I and II types.

[The correction of disorders in the microsomal oxidation system of the liver in experimental acute liver failure].

The effect of inductors and hepatic protectors on the detoxification function of the liver was studied in male rats with acute renal insufficiency (ARI). All the agents which were studied (phenobarbital, silibor, zixorin) caused an increase in the content of cytochromes P450 and b5 and in the activity of the main microsomal enzymes in the liver of rats with ARI. At the same time the survival of animals with ARI increased.

[Effectiveness of cytochrome P-450 inducer Benzonal in the treatment of acute hepatitis].

Forty-six patients with acute viral hepatitis (AVH) varying in severity received standard therapy. Twenty of them were given an adjuvant 6-day course of benzonal. The activity of liver monooxygenase was evaluated before, after treatment (for 6-8 days) and at the height of the disease using antipyrine++ test.

[The effect of benzonal on the functional activity of liver monooxygenase system un thermal injury].

Activity and content of main microsomal enzymes in liver tissue as well as the patterns of "hexenal" and antipyrine tests were studied after treatment with benzonale (inductor of the monooxygenase system) of rats and rabbits with burns. Distinctly inhibited activity of amidopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase as well as content of protein, cytochromes P-450 and b5 were restored in liver microsomal fraction within 3 and 6 days after intragastric administration of benzonale at a dose of 50 mg/kg into rats with burns. Duration of the effect of hexenal was decreased in benzonale treated animals as compared with the drug sedative effect in control animals with burns.

[Characteristics of drug pharmacodynamics in irradiated rats].

A whole-body exposure of rats to 8 Gy radiation is ineffective in 3 days, and in 6 days, it prolongs considerably the effect and increases the pharmacological activity of hexenal, meprobamate, ethylmorphine, and amidopyrine, inhibits the activity of amidopyrine demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, and reduces the content of protein, cytochromes P-450 and b5 in a microsomal liver fraction.

[The liver monooxygenase system in nutritional deficiency in rats in early ontogeny].

Young rats aged 14 days were subjected to malnutrition during 3.7 and 14 days. Activity of the main microsomal enzymes and lipid peroxidation (LPO) products in the microsomal cytosol fraction of the liver was studied in the test and control (aged 17.

[Effect of benzonal on the drug-metabolizing function of the liver in pathological states].

In male rabbits with experimental acute hepatitis, acute renal insufficiency, diffuse peritonitis, Staphylococcus sepsis and thermic burns and also in patients with diseases of the nervous system one could observe prolongation of the half-elimination period (T1/2) and decrease of metabolic clearance of antipyrine. Benzonal (50 mg/kg orally for 3 days) normalized indices of antipyrine test. Similar results were obtained in patients with diseases of the nervous system (epilepsy, rheumatic vasculitis of the cerebral vessels with convulsive syndrome).

[Clinical and experimental research on the drug-metabolizing function of the liver in peritonitis].

It was found that in experimental peritonitis the activities of hepatic amidopyrine-N-dimethylase, aniline hydroxylase and NADPN cytochrome-C-reductase as well as the contents of cytochromes P-450 and B5 in the microsomal fraction of the liver significantly decrease and also there is prolongation of the half-life and reduction of the clearance of antipyrine. Similar changes in the drug pharmacokinetic were revealed also in the patients with developed and diffuse peritonitis, their degree being more significant in patients hospitalized in the toxic phase and especially in the terminal phase of the disease.