Respectful Maternity Care in the United States-Characterizing Inequities Experienced by Birthing People.

Objective:  The purpose of this study is to understand experiences of respectful maternity care (RMC) from the perspective of birthing people in the United States from 2013 to 2018.

Methods:  We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of United States birthing people ages 18-50 in April 2018 using SurveyMonkey Audience. Quantitative survey data consisted of demographics and responses to RMC indicators.

Oral Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Use and Clinical Outcomes in Pregnant Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pregnant patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection by RNA polymerase chain reaction test or home test who were counseled about taking nirmatrelvir-ritonavir if they were within 5 days of symptom onset. Obstetric and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes were compared between patients who did and did not take the medication. Overall, 114 individuals took nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and 323 did not.

Human Papillomavirus Inpatient Postpartum Vaccination: Clinical Guideline Implementation.

Objective: The nine-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccine is highly effective at preventing cervical cancer, yet U.S. vaccination rates remain low.

Abortion as Essential Health Care and the Critical Role Your Practice Can Play in Protecting Abortion Access.

Few obstetrician-gynecologists (ob-gyns) provide abortion care, resulting in abortion being separated from other reproductive health care. This segregation of services disrupts the ob-gyn patient-clinician relationship, generates needless costs, delays access to abortion care, and contributes to stigma. General ob-gyns have both the skills and the knowledge to incorporate abortion into their clinical practices.

Perceptions and Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccination among Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize attitudes toward novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and to evaluate factors associated with vaccine uptake among pregnant individuals.

Study Design: An anonymous survey was distributed to a convenience sample of pregnant individuals receiving prenatal care at two large urban academic hospitals in a single health care network in Massachusetts. Individual demographic variables were included in the survey along with questions assessing attitudes toward COVID-19 and vaccination in pregnancy.

Innovating Evaluation and Treatment of Intrapartum Fevers: Where Do We Go from Here?

As intrapartum fevers are not always infectious in origin, determining whether antibiotics are indicated is challenging. We previously sought to create a point-of-care calculator using clinical data available at the time of an intrapartum fever to identify the subset of women who require antibiotic treatment to avoid maternal and neonatal morbidity. Despite the use of a comprehensive dataset from our institutions, we were unable to propose a valid and highly predictive model.

Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine response in pregnant and lactating women: a cohort study.

Background: Pregnant and lactating women were excluded from initial coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine trials; thus, data to guide vaccine decision making are lacking.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccination in pregnant and lactating women compared with: (1) nonpregnant controls and (2) natural coronavirus disease 2019 infection in pregnancy.

Study Design: A total of 131 reproductive-age vaccine recipients (84 pregnant, 31 lactating, and 16 nonpregnant women) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study at 2 academic medical centers.

COVID-19 vaccine response in pregnant and lactating women: a cohort study.

Background: Pregnant and lactating women were excluded from initial COVID-19 vaccine trials; thus, data to guide vaccine decision-making are lacking. We sought to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in pregnant and lactating women.

Methods: 131 reproductive-age vaccine recipients (84 pregnant, 31 lactating, and 16 non-pregnant) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study at two academic medical centers.

[Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia: about six cases].

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone is a benign, congenital and rare disease in which normal bone is replaced by fibrous bone tissue, resulting in bone deformities. It can affect any bone in the body, however craniofacial fibrous dysplasia is characterized by specific clinical manifestations, progression and therapeutic issues. The purpose of our study was to describe the diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary features of craniofacial FD.

Cesarean delivery in low- and middle-income countries: A review of quality of care metrics and targets for improvement.

Improving quality of care in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) is a global priority, specifically around maternal and newborn care, where mortality and morbidity remain unacceptably high. Cesarean delivery is the most common procedure in women, thus evaluating quality around the provision of this intervention provides insight into overall quality of care around childbirth. In this review we provide an overview on the quality of care around cesarean delivery using the six domains of quality proposed by the Institute of Medicine: equity, effectiveness, efficiency, safety, timeliness and patient-centered care.

Patient characteristics associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in parturients admitted for labour and delivery in Massachusetts during the spring 2020 surge: A prospective cohort study.

Background: While studies from large cities affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have reported on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the context of universal testing during admission for delivery, the patient demographic, social and clinical factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women are not fully understood.

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological factors associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in women admitted for labour and delivery, in the context of universal screening at four Boston-area hospitals.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we reviewed the health records of all women admitted for labour and delivery at four hospitals from the largest health system in Massachusetts between 19 April 2020 and 27 June 2020.

Assessment of Maternal and Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load, Transplacental Antibody Transfer, and Placental Pathology in Pregnancies During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: Biological data are lacking with respect to risk of vertical transmission and mechanisms of fetoplacental protection in maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Objective: To quantify SARS-CoV-2 viral load in maternal and neonatal biofluids, transplacental passage of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody, and incidence of fetoplacental infection.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was conducted among pregnant women presenting for care at 3 tertiary care centers in Boston, Massachusetts.

Racial and ethnic disparities in severity of COVID-19 disease in pregnancy in the United States.

Racial and ethnic disparities in the severity of COVID‐19 in pregnant women in the United States reflect the health consequences of the structural effects of racism.

Impact of funded global health electives on career development of residents in a U.S. obstetrics and gynecology program: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: The aims of this study were to identify factors influencing participation in global health electives during residency and to understand the career impact of global health electives on alumni of an Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) residency program.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, web-based survey of alumni of a residency program in the United States.

Results: The response rate was 49%.

Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance in Peripartum Bacteremia.

Objective: To examine the microbiology and associated antibiotic resistance patterns among febrile peripartum women with positive blood cultures.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in which we reviewed all bacteremia cases between 2009 and 2016 that occurred between 7 days before and 30 days after delivery. Institutional guidelines include obtaining blood cultures and promptly initiating intravenous antibiotics for all obstetric patients with fever of 100.

Diagnostic Validity of the Proposed Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Criteria for Intrauterine Inflammation or Infection.

Objective: To investigate the test characteristics of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) criteria for intrauterine inflammation or infection or both (triple I) and rates of adverse outcomes in a cohort of febrile intrapartum women.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included women at 24 weeks of gestation or greater from June 2015 to September 2017 at a single tertiary hospital with a temperature 100.4°F or greater (38.

Mosquito-Borne Diseases as a Global Health Problem: Implications for Pregnancy and Travel.

Importance: Mosquitoes are the most common disease vectors worldwide. A combination of factors, including changes in public health policy, climate change, and global travel, has led to the resurgence and spread of these diseases in our modern world. Pregnant women are vulnerable to a number of these illnesses, and obstetricians are likely to encounter pregnant travelers who have been exposed.

Mycoplasma genitalium: An Overlooked Sexually Transmitted Pathogen in Women?

Mycoplasma genitalium is a facultative anaerobic organism and a recognized cause of nongonococcal urethritis in men. In women, M. genitalium has been associated with cervicitis, endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and adverse birth outcomes, indicating a consistent relationship with female genital tract pathology.

Comparing an Interferon Gamma Release Assay with the Tuberculin Skin Test During Pregnancy: Implications for Tuberculosis Screening During Prenatal Care.

Unlabelled: Background Currently there are no guidelines regarding optimal screening for latent tuberculosis infection during pregnancy. Objective This study measures completion rates and the concordance between the TSPOT.TB, a commercially available interferon gamma release assay (IGRA), and the traditional tuberculin skin test (TST) in a predominantly urban minority obstetrics practice.