Isolated Medial Malleolar Fractures: Current Concepts in Management.

Isolated medial malleolar fractures (IMMFs) are uncommon and often occur with other ankle injuries, complicating their treatment and management. This review aims to compare the complication rates and functional outcomes of surgical versus conservative treatment for IMMFs in skeletally mature patients. The literature suggests that for IMMFs with less than 2 mm of displacement, conservative treatment provides functional outcomes similar to surgical interventions, with minimal complications.

A Comprehensive Review of Recent Trends in Posterior Malleolus Fracture Management.

Posterior malleolus fractures (PMFs) are challenging injuries around the ankle that can lead to poor clinical outcomes as they can compromise ankle stability. Although there has been an evolution in the principles of management of PMFs, their optimal treatment remains controversial. This review article aims to provide an in-depth account of the management of PMF, thereby providing a better understanding of these complex cases hence resulting in improving patient outcomes.

The Impact of Obesity on the Prevalence and Complications of Perianal Fistulas of Crohn's Disease.

Background: The incidence of obesity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing and there are limited data on the impact of obesity on perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease (CD).

Aims: We aim to examine the relationship between obesity and the prevalence and complications of Crohn's perianal fistulas.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of CD patients treated at a tertiary care center from 2012 to 2022.

The role of social support in the decision to migrate for childbirth: qualitative evidence from India.

Temporary Childbirth Migration (TCM) involves women returning to their natal homes during or after pregnancy, a common but understudied practice in India and South Asia. This study examines social support practices influencing TCM decisions among Indian women. Factors such as family support, especially from husband, in-laws and parents, play a crucial role in migration decisions during the perinatal period.

Five Cases of Idiopathic Sciatic Mononeuropathy: Clinical, Electrophysiological, Radiological, and Histological Features.

Background: Common etiologies of sciatic mononeuropathy are compressive, infiltrative, traumatic, or diabetic. However, in a proportion of patients, the etiology remains elusive despite extensive serological, electrophysiological, radiological, and histological investigations.

Methods: Patients with unexplained sciatic mononeuropathy were studied with regard to their clinical, radiological, pathological, and treatment aspects.

OOPHORECTOMY: When and Why? A Novel Risk Stratification Tool as an Aid to Decision Making at Gynecological Surgeries.

The decision regarding oophorectomy during gynecological surgeries, especially in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, has historically posed a significant dilemma. Traditionally, it was widely believed that conserving the ovaries held no benefits, leading to a common practice of recommending bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy alongside hysterectomy for benign conditions in women aged 40-45 and above. Given our evolving comprehension of postmenopausal ovarian function and the genetic susceptibility to ovarian epithelial cancers, the decision regarding oophorectomy poses a dilemma.

Counseling in menopausal women: How to address the benefits and risks of menopause hormone therapy. A FIGO position paper.

Menopause marks the end of menstrual cyclicity and, depending on individual vulnerability, has several consequences related to gonadal steroid deprivation, especially if it is premature. Menopause may be more burdensome for some women than for others. Individual factors, such as personal history, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and current health conditions, affect symptomatology and, thereby, the menopausal experience.

Molecular Diagnosis of Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy in Patients Clinically Suspected of FSHD Using Optical Genome Mapping.

Background And Objectives: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) represents the third most common muscular dystrophy in the general population and is characterized by progressive and often asymmetric muscle weakness of the face, upper extremities, arms, lower leg, and hip girdle. In FSHD type 1, contraction of the number of D4Z4 repeats to 1-10 on the chromosome 4-permissive allele (4qA) results in abnormal epigenetic derepression of the gene in skeletal muscle. In FSHD type 2, epigenetic derepression of the gene on the permissive allele (4qA) with normal-sized D4Z4 repeats (mostly 8-20) is caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in chromatin modifier genes such as , , or .

Acquired hyperexcitable peripheral nerve disorders: Clinical and laboratory features, therapeutic responses, and long-term follow-up.

Introduction/aims: Hyperexcitable peripheral nerve disorders (HPNDs) are rare. Although their clinical and laboratory features have been well studied, information on treatment and follow-up is limited. The aim of this study is to explore the long-term clinical, investigative, and therapeutic profile of patients with acquired HPNDs.

Clinical Recommendations for the use of Neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12) for the Management of Peripheral Neuropathy: Consensus from a Multidisciplinary Expert Panel.

Introduction: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is an insidious disease that is often asymptomatic during the early stages but which can have a significant impact on quality of life at later stages when nerve damage occurs. There is currently no guidance on the use of neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12) for the management of asymptomatic and symptomatic PN.

Objective: To provide guidance to primary care physicians on an integrated approach to managing PN with neurotropic B vitamins (B1, B6, and B12).

Nodo-paranodopathies: Concepts, Clinical Implications, and Management.

Peripheral neuropathies are traditionally categorized into demyelinating or axonal. It has been proposed that dysfunction at nodal/paranodal region may be a key for better understanding of pathophysiology in patients with immune mediated neuropathies. In last few years, antibodies targeting node and paranode of myelinated nerves have been increasingly detected in patients with immune mediated neuropathies.

A case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed after 35-month of initial presentation as recurrent vitritis with multiple negative biopsies.

To report a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that was diagnosed 35-month of initial ocular manifestation. Retrospective chart review. A 53-year-old male presented with painless diminution of vision in both eyes.

Genetic Appraisal of Hereditary Muscle Disorders In A Cohort From Mumbai, India.

Background: Hereditary muscle disorders are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Limited information is available on their genetic makeup and their prevalence in India.

Objective: To study the genetic basis of prevalent hereditary myopathies.

Neurology Exit Examination System in India: A Survey of Examiners' Perceptions and Recommendations.

Background: The traditional Neurology exit examination in India has remained unchanged over the last few decades. In developed countries, objective evaluation methods have replaced the traditional ones. A need for such methods has not been explored in India.

Guillian--Barre' Syndrome in Patients with SARS-CoV-2: A Multicentric Study from Maharashtra, India.

Background: Guillian--Barre' Syndrome (GBS) has been shown to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of our study was to study the clinical profile and outcomes of GBS in COVID-19 from the Western region of India, the State of Maharashtra.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter observation study from different hospitals in Maharashtra beginning from March 2020 until November 2020.

Anterior Inferior Hip Dislocation: Report of Three Cases and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Inferior dislocation of the hip, also called luxatio erecta femoris, is the rarest type of hip dislocation with a poorly understood mechanism of injury. We came across three such cases resulting from high-energy trauma with various other associated injuries.

Case Report: The first patient, a 25-year-old man, presented with the right hip pain, hip and knee joint in flexion without rotational component, after motor vehicle collision.

Medical Management of Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a painful condition, often leading to poor quality of life.

Objective: The aim of this review was to discuss the various treatment modalities for the medical management of TN.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the available literature on TN in clinical databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, with a specific focus on the pharmacological treatment and newer drugs under development for the treatment of TN.