Graphene-family materials in electrochemical aptasensors.

The study of graphene-based carbon nanocomposites has remarkably increased in recent years. Functionalized graphene-based nanostructures, including graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, have great potential as new innovative electrode materials in the fabrication of novel electrochemical sensors. Electrochemical sensors based on aptamers attracted great attention because of their high sensitivity and selectivity, and simple instrumentation, as well as low production cost.

Carbon-based quantum particles: an electroanalytical and biomedical perspective.

Carbon-based quantum particles, especially spherical carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and nanosheets like graphene quantum dots (GQDs), are an emerging class of quantum dots with unique properties owing to their quantum confinement effect. Many reviews appeared recently in the literature highlighting their optical properties, structures, and applications. These papers cover a broad spectrum of carbon-based nanoparticles, excluding a more detailed discussion about some important aspects related to the definition of carbon-based particles and the correlation of optical and electrochemical aspects in relation to sensing and biomedical applications.

Palladium nanoparticles in electrochemical sensing of trace terazosin in human serum and pharmaceutical preparations.

In this approach, palladium nanoparticle film was simply fabricated on the surface of carbon paste electrode by electrochemical deposition method. The film was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The prepared electrode exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity toward detection of trace amounts of terazosin, which is an antihypertensive drug.

Interfacial electron-shuttling processes across KolliphorEL monolayer grafted electrodes.

Covalently grafted KolliphorEL (a poly(ethylene glycol)-based transporter molecule for hydrophobic water-insoluble drugs; MW, ca. 2486; diameter, ca. 3 nm) at the surface of a glassy-carbon electrode strongly affects the rate of electron transfer for aqueous redox systems such as Fe(CN)6(3-/4-).