Genotoxic effect of occupational exposure to cadmium.

Many studies proved the genotoxic effect of cadmium (Cd) exposure and highlighted the importance of the cytogenetic studies as a sensitive and effective means for early detection of Cd-induced mutagenicity. The relationship between occupational exposure to Cd and increased risk of cancer, particularly lung cancer, has been explored in number of epidemiological studies. The aim of this study is to assess the role of chromosomal abnormalities and sister chromatid exchange as sensitive indicators for the genotoxicity of occupational exposure to Cd.