A deep learning framework deploying segment anything to detect pan-cancer mitotic figures from haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.

Mitotic activity is an important feature for grading several cancer types. However, counting mitotic figures (cells in division) is a time-consuming and laborious task prone to inter-observer variation. Inaccurate recognition of MFs can lead to incorrect grading and hence potential suboptimal treatment.

Cognitive performance in ISS astronauts on 6-month low earth orbit missions.

Introduction: Current and future astronauts will endure prolonged exposure to spaceflight hazards and environmental stressors that could compromise cognitive functioning, yet cognitive performance in current missions to the International Space Station remains critically under-characterized. We systematically assessed cognitive performance across 10 cognitive domains in astronauts on 6-month missions to the ISS.

Methods: Twenty-five professional astronauts were administered the Cognition Battery as part of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Human Research Program Standard Measures Cross-Cutting Project.

Quality and Success of Bone Graft from Two Different Mandibular Sites Compared for Maxillary Ridge Augmentation: A Systematic Review.

Aim: This systematic review was undertaken to compare the quality of autogenous bone graft harvested from two different mandibular donor sites, that is, from the chin region and from posterior mandibular region for maxillary alveolar ridge augmentation and success after implant placement.

Materials And Methods: Systematic searches were performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane electronic databases, which reported on the quality of autogenous harvested bone graft of the recipient site in maxillary alveolar ridge augmentation from a period of January 1995 to December 2020 using PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if: They reported on bone grafts harvested from the chin and body region of the mandible.

Robotic cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: is there a benefit?

Background: Open cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a therapeutic option for the management of malignancies with peritoneal carcinomatosis and of peritoneal origin. Robotic surgery shows promise as a minimally invasive approach for select patients. We aimed to evaluate the differences in outcomes between robotic versus open CRS/HIPEC and hypothesized less morbidity and faster recovery in the robotic approach group.

Evaluation of Implant Stability Quotient of Sandblasted Acid-Etched (SAE) and Chemical-Modified SAE Dental Implants: A Clinical Study.

Objectives: The goal of the current research was to assess the implant stability quotient (ISQ) of dental implants that were chemically changed with SAE and without SAE.

Materials And Methods: Patients in the current study had dental implants fitted with SAE (Group I) and chemically altered SAE (Group II). After implant implantation, resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was performed as soon as possible as well as one, three, six, nine, and twelve weeks later.

Discovery of potential recombinant alleles HLA-DRB3*02:171 and HLA-DRB5*01:140.

Two novel alleles that appear to be generated from recombination between exons 2 and 3.

Middle-aged women with hematodiaphyseal dysplasia: Ghosal syndrome: Case report.

Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia (GHDD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased bone density involving diaphyses of long bones and defective hematopoiesis. It is due to biallelic variants in the TBXAS1 (OMIM*274180) gene, which encodes for thromboxane synthase. We present a rare case of a middle-aged woman who presented with chronic anemia and bone pain.

Linking periodontal pathogens with endoperio lesions.

Endodontic-periodontal diseases pose difficulties for the practitioner in diagnosing and predicting the success of the affected teeth. Therefore, it is of interest to correlate between periodontal infections and endodontic periodontal disorders. 50 patients of both sexes were included in this study.

Molecular Phenotyping of Patients with Sepsis and Kidney Injury and Differential Response to Fluid Resuscitation.

Purpose: Previous work has identified two AKI sub-phenotypes (SP1 and SP2) characterized by differences in inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Here we identify these sub-phenotypes using biospecimens collected in the emergency department and test for differential response to restrictive versus liberal fluid strategy in sepsis-induced hypotension in the CLOVERS trial.

Methods: We applied a previously validated 3-biomarker model using plasma angiopietin-1 and 2, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 to classify sub-phenotypes in patients with kidney dysfunction (AKI or end-stage kidney disease [ESKD]).

Comparing Radiation Doses in CBCT and Medical CT Imaging for Dental Applications.

Background: Dental imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis and treatment planning, with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and medical computed tomography (CT) being two common modalities. This study aims to compare the radiation doses associated with CBCT and medical CT imaging in dental applications to assess their relative safety and efficacy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using data from 100 patients who underwent both CBCT and medical CT scans for dental purposes.

Green iron oxide nanoparticles and magnetic nanobiochar: enhancing tomato performance, phytochemicals, and root-knot nematode resistance.

Background: Green nanoparticles are considered to be an effective strategy for improving phytochemicals and raising productivity in soil infected by root-knot nematodes. This work aims to understand the characteristics of certain nanomaterials, including non-iron (nFe), green non-iron (GnFe), and green magnetic nanobiochar (GMnB), and the effect of adding them at 3 and 6 mg kg on phytochemicals and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant growth in soils infected by root-knot nematodes.

Results: Spectroscopic characterization of nanomaterials showed that nFe, GnFe, and GMnB contained functional groups (e.

Combining enhanced spectral resolution of EMG and a deep learning approach for knee pathology diagnosis.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent, debilitating joint condition primarily affecting the elderly. This investigation aims to develop an electromyography (EMG)-based method for diagnosing knee pathologies. EMG signals of the muscles surrounding the knee joint were examined and recorded.

Unmasking the Common Thief: A Rare Cause of Isolated Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy.

Multiple cranial nerve palsies frequently accompany hypoglossal nerve palsy, potentially indicating malignancy, such as lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, or metastases. However, when solely the hypoglossal nerve is affected, the causes may involve Chiari malformation, arachnoid cyst, or infectious mononucleosis, suggesting a positive prognosis. Craniocervical junction tuberculosis (TB), is an uncommon cause of isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy and has been reported infrequently in the literature.

Just the gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A case report of medical modeling of a rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

A 54-year-old African-American male presented to the colorectal surgery clinic with the chief complaint of a painful anal swelling that had been ongoing for several weeks. An adequate rectal examination was not possible due to severe pain. Therefore, he was taken to the operating room for an exam under anesthesia where a presacral mass was identified.

Celecoxib-induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis: uncommon and under-recognized side effect.

Celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, and non-selective anti-inflammatory drug, is commonly prescribed as the first-line analgesic for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and certain acute pain cases. It is mainly preferred for its lower risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects. However, it also carries risks, including renal and liver toxicity, anaphylaxis, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Dietary interventions in cancer: a systematic review of all randomized controlled trials.

Background: Prior systematic reviews addressing the impact of diet on cancer outcomes have focused on specific dietary interventions. In this systematic review, we assessed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating dietary interventions for cancer patients, examining the range of interventions, endpoints, patient populations, and results.

Methods: This systematic review identified all RCTs conducted before January 2023 testing dietary interventions in patients with cancer.

Effect of periostin in peri-implant sulcular fluid and gingival crevicular fluid: A comparative study.

Background: Various similarities have been observed between gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF). This has resulted in research that has evaluated similar biological fluid markers that are similar to those present within the gingival sulcus. These biomarkers have high sensitivity and are a reliable biological tool when compared to clinical and/or radiographic examination and aid in diagnosis as well as monitoring the progression of periodontal disease surrounding teeth as well as the implants.

Exploring the Genomic Landscape of Hepatobiliary Cancers to Establish a Novel Molecular Classification System.

Taxonomy of hepatobiliary cancer (HBC) categorizes tumors by location or histopathology (tissue of origin, TO). Tumors originating from different TOs can also be grouped by overlapping genomic alterations (GA) into molecular subtypes (MS). The aim of this study was to create novel HBC MSs.

Are chest drains routinely required after thoracic surgery? A drainology study of on-table chest-drain removals.

Objectives: Advances in perioperative management for thoracic surgery have accelerated the postoperative recovery of patients by decreasing postoperative pain and the incidence of complications. We aimed to study whether it's safe to remove chest drains on table in selected cases.

Methods: This was a 5-year retrospective analysis of protocolized chest-drain removal on the operating table.

Investigating the impact of smoking habits through photoplethysmography analysis.

Smoking is widely recognized as a significant risk factor in the progression of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular diseases. Valuable information related to cardiac arrhythmias and heart function can be obtained by analyzing biosignals such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the photoplethysmogram (PPG). The PPG signal is a non-invasive optical technique that can be used to evaluate the changes in blood volume, and thus it can be linked to the health of the vascular system.

Amyloid Goiter Secondary to Behcet's Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Amyloid deposition in the thyroid gland is a common presentation, yet amyloid goiter remains relatively rare. Proper differentiation of this condition from other goiter types and malignancies is essential. Although amyloid extensively invades the thyroid gland, patients are usually euthyroid, and many different presentations may occur.

Non-Coding RNA-Mediated Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Disorders: Current Insights and Future Directions.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant burden on global health. Developing effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic indicators for CVDs is critical. This narrative review explores the role of select non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and provides an in-depth exploration of the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in different aspects of CVDs, offering insights into their mechanisms and potential clinical implications.