Early impaired insulin tolerance among Vietnamese diabetes with or without dyslipidemia.

This study aims to evaluate impaired insulin tolerance among Vietnamese diabetes with or without dyslipidemia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains the serious global health and social burden that has increased over the past few decades. It progresses silently to vascular injury and disability of injured vascular-perfused tissues/organs.

Single-agent Adavosertib Shows Anticancer Effects Against Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Adavosertib (AZD1775), a small molecule inhibitor of WEE1 kinase, abrogates G/M cell cycle arrest and induces double-stranded DNA breaks. According to previous findings, adavosertib, in combination with other DNA-damaging agents, causes premature mitosis and cell death in p53-mutated cancer cells mainly via abrogation of the G/M cell cycle checkpoint.

Hyponutrition among newly diagnosed gastric cancer.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the malnutrition status among Vietnamese patients newly diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC).

Background: GC remains the top rank of common and deadly diseases. With limited clinical manifestation, most GC patients were diagnosed at late stages when tumor is not radically resected.

The molecular interaction pattern of lenvatinib enables inhibition of wild-type or kinase-mutated FGFR2-driven cholangiocarcinoma.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-2 can be inhibited by FGFR-selective or non-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Selective TKIs are approved for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) with FGFR2 fusions; however, their application is limited by a characteristic pattern of adverse events or evocation of kinase domain mutations. A comprehensive characterization of a patient cohort treated with the non-selective TKI lenvatinib reveals promising efficacy in FGFR2-driven CCA.

Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Effectively Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second lethal cancer. Short overall survival, low five-year survival rate, and unimproved treatment efficacy urge the need to improve HCC prognosis. Adiponectin is key protector against cancer and hepatic abnormalities.

The diagnostic and prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on gastric cancer patients.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the remaining concern of cancer-associated health burden. Valuable predictive and prognostic indicators support the early diagnosis and improve outcome. Immune escape and inflammation are important cancer hallmarks.

The safety of CAR-T cells and PD-1 antibody combination on an experimental model.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and PD-1 antibodies (PD-1 Ab) are emergent immunotherapies with unprecedented efficacy. The presence of PD-1 on T cells contributes to hypofunction of CAR-T therapy and inhibition of PD-1 enhances anti-cancer effect of CAR-T cells. Therefore, the combination of CAR-T cells and PD-1 antibody is a promissing strategy for cancer treatment.

X-ray-irradiated K562 feeder cells for expansion of functional CAR-T cells.

Immunotherapy, particularly CAR-T therapy has recently emerged as an innovator for cancer treatment. Gamma-irradiated K562 cells is a common and effective method to stimulated CAR-T cells prior to treatment. However, high cost and limited equipment of gamma-irradiation is drawback of this method.

Cholangiocarcinoma Therapeutics: An Update.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common hepatobiliary cancer and associated with a poor prognosis. Only one-third of CCA cases are diagnosed at operable stages. However, a high rate of relapse has been observed postoperatively.

Targeting interleukin 6 signaling by monoclonal antibody siltuximab on cholangiocarcinoma.

Background And Aim: Cholangiocarcinoma has an unimproved prognosis. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) has an oncogenic potential in some cancer diseases. However, the role of IL-6 in cholangiocarcinoma carcinogenesis is not well understood.

Haprolid Inhibits Tumor Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Rb/E2F and Akt/mTOR Inhibition.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major health burden with limited curative treatment options. There is a substantial unmet need to develop innovative approaches to impact the progression of advanced HCC. Haprolid is a novel natural component isolated from myxobacteria.

Hypoxia induced Sonic Hedgehog signaling regulates cancer stemness, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invasion in cholangiocarcinoma.

Aberrant activation of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway has been implicated in a variety of cancers including cholangiocarcinoma (CC); however, the influencing factors are still unknown. Additionally, intratumoral hypoxia is known to contribute towards therapeutic resistance through modulatory effects on various pathways. In this study, we investigated the relationship between hypoxia and SHH pathway activation and the effect of this interplay on cancer stemness and epithelial-to- mesenchymal transition (EMT) during cholangiocarcinogenesis.

Silencing of Kangai 1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin suppresses progression of cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy. CC treatment options are very limited especially for patients with distant metastasis. Kangai 1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin (KITENIN) is highly expressed in numerous cancers, but the role of KITENIN in CC remains unknown.

Therapeutic effects of Argyrin F in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with limited treatment options. The proteasome inhibitor Argyrin A, a cyclic peptide derived from the myxobacterium Archangium gephyra, shows antitumoral activities. We hypothesize that his analogue Argyrin F (AF) may also prevent PDAC progression.

Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor IX (GSI) Impairs Concomitant Activation of Notch and Wnt-Beta-Catenin Pathways in CD44 Gastric Cancer Stem Cells.

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are associated with tumor resistance and are characterized in gastric cancer (GC). Studies have indicated that Notch and wnt-beta-catenin pathways are crucial for CSC development. Using CD44 CSCs, we investigated the role of these pathways in GC carcinogenesis.

Comparative study of antitumor effects of bromelain and papain in human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) worldwide is the most common biliary malignancy with poor prognostic value and new systemic treatments are desirable. Plant extracts like bromelain and papain, which are cysteine proteases from the fruit pineapple and papaya, are known to have antitumor activities. Therefore, in this study for the first time we investigated the anticancer effect of bromelain and papain in intra- and extrahepatic human CC cell lines.