Risk factors for corneal graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty for keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between donor-related factors and the risk of rejection in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) for keratoconus.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of keratoconus patients with no corneal neovascularization who underwent PKP from November 2014 to December 2016 and completed at least two years of follow-up. Preoperative, donor, operative, and postoperative data were collected and analyzed to identify factors leading to corneal graft rejection.

Differentiation of acanthamoeba keratitis from other non-acanthamoeba keratitis: Risk factors and clinical features.

Introduction: Infectious Keratitis is one of the most common ocular emergencies seen by ophthalmologists. Our aim is to identify the risk factors and clinical features of Acanthamoeba Keratitis (AK).

Methods: This retrospective chart review study was conducted at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and included all the microbial keratitis cases, male and female patients of all ages.

Long-term outcomes of cyclophotocoagulation in refractory pediatric glaucoma: treatment response and success in 262 eyes.

Purpose: To report the surgical success and response to treatment for children undergoing cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) for refractory pediatric glaucoma.

Methods: The medical records of children with a diagnosis of glaucoma who underwent a first CPC between May 2000 and May 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. The cumulative probability of success was assessed.

Parental experience with an ocular genetic counseling services in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: This study reports parental attitudes towards preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and their satisfaction with genetic counseling services offered by a territory eye care hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 30 parents (either father or mother) of children affected by recessive genetic ocular disorders. Their basic knowledge of recessive genetic disorders, attitude toward PGD, and satisfaction with counseling services were assessed using structured telephonic interviews.

Profile of a large cohort of children with persistent fetal vasculature and their predictors of poor visual outcome in a tertiary eye hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To present the profile of a large cohort of children with persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) and identify their predictors of poor visual outcome in a tertiary eye hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This was a single-center study. Medical records of children diagnosed with persistent fetal vasculature between January 1990 and January 2020 at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH), Riyadh, were reviewed.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among new glaucoma patients and their first-degree relatives: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary eye care centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: Glaucoma, a disease characterized by optic nerve damage and associated visual field defects, is the main cause of irreversible loss of vision, both globally and locally. Appropriate management of glaucoma involves early diagnosis in addition to early and continuous control of the disease to protect the optic nerve from further damage. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards glaucoma among patients making their first visit to the glaucoma clinics, at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, and their first-degree relatives.

Correction: Article Title: Quarantine-related traumatic stress, views, and experiences during the first wave of Coronavirus pandemic: A mixed-methods study among adults in Saudi Arabia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Clinical and psychosocial factors associated with quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer: an analytical cross-sectional study from a lower-middle-income country.

Introduction: The disease course of head and neck (H&N) cancer can severely impair patients' quality of life (QoL). In Pakistan, a South Asian lower-middle-income country (LMIC), psychosocial factors may impact QoL. We aimed to assess QoL and associated factors amongst patients with H&N cancer in Pakistan.

Needle-Stick Injuries in Ophthalmic Practice.

Purpose: Needle-stick injuries (NSI) are a prominent route by which blood-borne infections are transmitted. The unique microsurgical nature of ophthalmic practice constitutes an additional risk to sustain injury. This study aimed to identify the epidemiological profile of needle-stick injuries in a tertiary eye center and to evaluate the implemented safety policy in preventing sharp injuries.

Burden of ocular abnormalities in patients with beta thalassaemia: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: In Pakistan, the reported carrier rate of thalassaemia is estimated to be 5%-8% with 5000 new patients diagnosed every year. Several known systemic complications of beta thalassaemia major have been studied, but no studies are conducted to assess ocular complications among these patients from our population.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional study design conducted at three private and public sector centres in Pakistan.

Factors Affecting the Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Injection in the Treatment of Infantile and Partially Accommodative Esotropia.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the effect of botulinum toxin (BT) injection on the treatment of infantile and partially accommodative esotropia (PAET).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who received BT injections for infantile and PAET between January 2015 and December 2018. Treatment was considered successful if orthotropia, consecutive exotropia, or esotropia within 10 prism diopters (PD) was achieved.

Psychosocial factors influencing quality of life in patients with primary brain tumors in Pakistan: an analytical cross-sectional study.

Objective: Despite quality of life (QoL) being recognized as an important outcome in neuro-oncology, there is a lack of research from Pakistan where sociocultural differences may influence QoL. This study aimed to measure the QoL in patients with primary brain tumors (PBTs) and assess its association with mental health outcomes and social support.

Results: Our study included a total of 250 patients, with a median age of 42 years (range 33-54 years).

Factors affecting well-being in brain tumor patients: An LMIC perspective.

Introduction: Brain tumor is a devastating and often fatal diagnosis; quality of life and patient well-being are important goals of treatment. This study addresses the gap in culture-specific literature exploring the needs and coping strategies of brain tumor patients within an LMIC setting.

Methodology: A qualitative approach was undertaken using an exploratory descriptive study design.

Saudi Arabian retinopathy of prematurity national telemedicine program: Achievements and challenges.

The Saudi Arabian Retinopathy of Prematurity National Telemedicine programme (SAROP) is a product of the National Committee for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). The program includes ROP telescreening, diagnosis, and management of cases requiring treatment. Digital retinal images and filled ROP software requests were uploaded from 20 level-3 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital server and the ROP telemedicine website.

Psychometric properties of the Urdu version of the EORTC QLQ-H&N35 (European organization for research and treatment of cancer head and neck module) quality of life tool.

Background: We translated and validated the Urdu version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life (QoL) Questionnaire's Head and Neck (H&N) Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-H&N35) and assessed its convergent and discriminant validity by examining correlations of QoL with depression, anxiety, and resilience.

Methods: We translated the EORTC QLQ-H&N35 according to EORTC instructions. Patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan completed a survey consisting of Urdu versions of EORTC QLQ-C30 (core QoL tool), QLQ-H&N35, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale (RS-14).

Preliminary Surgical Outcomes of a Trimmed-Plate Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant (AADI) in Eyes at High Risk of Hypotony.

Purpose: We describe the technique of trimming the 350 mm AADI glaucoma shunt plate and report preliminary results that test the hypothesis that the IOP-lowering efficacy of the trimmed AADI glaucoma shunt is comparable to the Baerveldt 250 mm glaucoma drainage implant with a comparable safety profile to the standard AADI implant.

Methods: Consecutive patients who had received the modified trimmed-plate AADI, standard AADI and Baerveldt 250 mm were included in the study. This included patients with refractory or primary or secondary glaucoma of all ages and eyes with and without previous glaucoma surgery.

Incidence and outcomes of microbial keratitis after cyclophotocoagulation to treat childhood refractory glaucoma.

Purpose: To report the incidence and outcomes of microbial keratitis (MK) following cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) for treatment of refractory childhood glaucoma (CG) at a single center over a period of 6 years.

Methods: In this cohort study, the medical records of children with CG who underwent CPC and subsequently presented with MK from 2014 to 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Data were collected on age, type of glaucoma, surgeries before MK, CPC parameters, interval between CPC and MK, presenting symptoms of MK, infiltrate location, bacterial isolates, MK treatment, and outcomes.

Barriers and adherence to glaucoma medication in a paediatric glaucoma population: A cross-sectional survey in central Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To examine barriers and adherence to topical glaucoma medication in a pediatric glaucoma population in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during 2016-2017. Parents (father or mother) of children aged 6 months to 15 years with a history of glaucoma were interviewed.

Surgical outcomes of phakic, pseudophakic and combined phaco-trabeculectomy in a tertiary care centre in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of phakic, pseudophakic and combined phaco-trabeculectomy in eyes of Saudi patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Eyes of patients with primary open angle glaucoma, primary angle closure glaucoma or secondary exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) that underwent phakic (n = 152), pseudophakic (n = 40) or combined phaco-trabeculectomy (n = 45) at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh from January 2012 to December 2017 were included.

Virtual Consultation for Red Eye: Accuracy Assessment in a Primary Care Center.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of teleexamination of red eye by a trained general practitioner (GP) compared to the gold standard (in-office consultation by an ophthalmologist).

Methods: This was a study of diagnostic accuracy. We included consecutive male or female patients aged ≥6 months who presented to a primary care clinic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with red eye.

Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Injection in Exotropia Treatment.

Purpose: Botulinum toxin (Botox) therapy is a well-known option for strabismus management and is often used in managing esotropia. Exotropia is also a common type of strabismus; however, the effectiveness of Botox in improving exotropia is still ambiguous. In this study, we report our experience in using Botox to manage the various types of exotropia.

Surgical outcomes of the Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) versus the Ahmed glaucoma valve for refractory paediatric glaucoma in Middle Eastern children.

Objective: The Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) has the potential advantages of less encapsulation and greater cost-effectiveness than the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV). The aim of this study was to compare the surgical success and outcomes of the AADI compared to the AGV in Middle-Eastern children.

Methods: A comparative retrospective study of consecutive paediatric patients in a tertiary eye hospital was undertaken.

Scleral Buckle versus Pars Plana Vitrectomy in the Management of Primary Chronic Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Comparison of Anatomical and Visual Outcomes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the anatomical and visual outcomes of scleral buckle (SB) surgery with the pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in the management of chronic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods: This cohort study included patients who underwent surgical repair SB group and PPV group for chronic retinal detachment during 2014-2018 at the King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh. The anatomical and functional success rate at 12 months after surgery was compared in two groups.