[Features of the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread disease with a high risk of cardiovascular complications, disability and mortality. The progression of T2DM is closely related to lipid metabolism disorders, caused both by insufficient intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and by a violation of their endogenous metabolism. Desaturase enzymes, FADS1/2, are involved in the regulation of PUFA metabolism.

[Dietary correction of metabolic disorders in patients with diabetic nephropathy].

One of the ways to optimize the complex treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the use of therapeutic nutrition with the inclusion of foods for special dietary use (FSDU) that correct carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders and have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, properties. of the research was to study the effect of a low-protein diet with the inclusion of FSDU on some clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with DN. .

[The role of magnesium and potassium in preventive and therapeutic nutrition].

Due to the versatility of its functions and participation in all types of metabolism, magnesium can be considered the main cation in the human organism. Equally important is the role of the main intracellular ion - potassium, which is a synergist of magnesium, especially with regard to the effect on cardiovascular system function. In Russia, there is insufficient consumption of magnesium and potassium by the population.

[Basic principles of dietary therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus on antioxidant protection and endothelial dysfunction].

Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction have been identified as the most important pathogenetic pathways for the development and progression of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). . To evaluate the effect of individual dietary components on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in patients with T2DM.

[Vitamin supply of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by nephropathy].

Insufficient vitamin content in the diet is a risk factor for the development of various diseases and their progression, and drug therapy can also contribute to the development of a deficiency of these micronutrients. Data on vitamin sufficiency of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) are needed to develop measures to improve it. of the research was to compare vitamin status of patients with T2DM without DN and those with T2DM complicated by nephropathy by assessing vitamin blood level and urinary excretion.

[Clinical aspects of the effectiveness of metformin therapy in combination with a low-calorie diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with various variants of the gene polymorphism].

The TCF7L2 gene is one of the new markers associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Evaluation of the effect of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms on the effectiveness of hypoglycemic therapy will allow an individual approach to the choice of methods for treating type 2 DM in their carriers. of the research was to study the effect of carriage of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms on glycemic control parameters in patients with type 2 DM receiving metformin glucose-lowering therapy in combination with a low-calorie version of the standard diet.

[Role of calcium in health and reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases].

Calcium as an essential mineral is involved in many processes in the body, being the main one in the mineral matrix of bones and teeth. It is necessary for conducting nerve impulses, blood coagulation, muscle contraction, regulation of the transport of various ions through the cell membrane, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, and the activity of many enzymes. In Russia, insufficient calcium intake is noted.

[Diet therapy program for weight loss and assessment of its effectiveness in overweight and obese persons].

The basic method of obesity treatment is diet therapy aimed at long-term maintenance of negative energy balance by restricting the caloric intake of the diet. - to evaluate the effectiveness of the diet therapy program for weight loss with the use of a complex of amino acids and glucomannan. .

[Optimization of dietary support for patients with diabetic nephropathy].

The article presents modern approaches to dietary support for patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). The possibility of using the developed specialized products (SP), modified by protein, fat and carbohydrate composition, containing food ingredients with hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects is presented. - development of a formulation and technology for producing SP with modified chemical composition and energy value, intended for inclusion in a low-protein diet for patients with DN.

[Obesity as a global challenge of the 21st century: clinical medical nutrition, prevention and therapy].

The article presents modern data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity, provides updated information on personalized programs for managing body weight, individual recommendations for a healthy diet, adequate physical activity and long-term lifestyle changes. It is shown that dietary therapy is the basic treatment method in weight loss programs and is aimed at long-term maintenance of a negative energy balance in the patient's organism by limiting the calorie intake. A significant place in the article is devoted to the use of diets modified by calorie value and macronutrient content which are recommended for obese patients.

[Effect of specialized product with modified carbohydrate profile on clinical and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes].

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) determines the need to develop evidence-based methods for preventing this disease, including personalized approaches to the dietary correction of metabolic disorders in DM2, including the use of specialized foods. Aim. To evaluate the effect of a low-calorie diet with the inclusion of a specialized product (SP) with a modified carbohydrate profile (dry instant mixture) on the glycemic and metabolic control indicators in patients with DM2.

Vitamins in diet of patients with metabolic syndrome.

Aim - analysis of data on the role of vitamin and carotenoid deficiency in the development of metabolic syndrome (MS), the consumption of individual vitamins and vitamin supplements, as well as estimation of the effectiveness of the use of vitamins in patients with MS. A review of the existing literature has been carried out in the databases of RINC, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar, Pubmed. The lack of vitamins is a risk factor for MS and its components.

[Specialized food products with modified carbohydrate profile for dietary correction of diet of patients with type 2 diabetes].

In recent years, the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world is growing steadily. According to the international diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of DM patients in the world in 2015 was 415 million, of them more than 90% - patients with type 2 diabetes. According to forecasts, in 2040 their number will increase to 642 million.

[Modern approaches to dietary support for patients with diabetic nephropathy].

The article presents modern approaches to dietary support of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) characterized by gradual sclerosis of the renal tissue, leading to a loss of filtration and nitrogen excretory function of the kidneys. An analysis of publications of domestic and foreign authors indicates a slowdown in the progression of chronic kidney disease against the background of low-protein diets. However, the role of protein restriction and its qualitative composition in the diet of patients with DN is the subject of comprehensive discussion.

[Metabolic effects of egg white enzymatic hydrolyzates: prospects of use in persons with metabolic syndrome (short review)].

The metabolic syndrome (MS), which is characterized by significant prevalence, constant growth of patients' number and high rate of cardiovascular complications, is one of actual problems of modern medicine. A way for optimization of the dietary status of patients with MS is the use of specialized foods with optimized chemical composition in their complex treatment. These products allow to correct hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and antioxidant status disorders.

[Specialized foods with a modified carbohydrate profile in the correction of metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes].

The review of the literature is devoted to the analysis of scientific publications concerning the optimization of nutrition of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 due to inclusion in the ration of specialized foods with a modified carbohydrate profile. Modification of the carbohydrate profile of specialized foods can be achieved by excluding quickly absorbed refined sugars, by using a mixture of slowly digestible and slowly absorbed carbohydrates, enrichment with fructooligosaccharides and soluble dietary fibers. Purposeful introduction of food ingredients with favorable metabolic effects into the composition of the products makes it possible to effectively correct the disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes.

[Assessment of efficiency of the personalized therapy of patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus 2 types appointed on the basis of studying rs5219 polymorphism of KCNJ11 gene].

The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of personalized therapy forpatients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) and obesity based on the study of rs5219 polymorphism of KCNJ11gene. The study involved 120 women with DM and obesity I-II degree. Genotyping was performed in patients using allele-specific amplification with the detection in real time.

[Assessment of efficacy of specialized food products with modified carbohydrate profile in patients with type 2 diabetes].

Objective - To evaluate the effect of diet therapy with the inclusion of specialized food product with a modified carbohydrate profile (fruit jelly) on glycemic and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study included 45 patients (aged 35 to 69 years) with type 2 diabetes with concomitant obesity I-III degree. The study was conducted in two stages.

Criteria of Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The paper presents the basic criteria for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the data on the relationship between postprandial glycemia and the development of the late vascular complications, and methods for evaluating the glycemic index of foodstuffs and dishes in order to optimize the diets and improve the efficiency of therapeutic measures in this disease.

[Theoretical and practical aspects of development of biscuits with a modified carbohydrate profile for patients with type 2 diabetes].

The purpose of this research was to develop formulation and technology of flour confectionery products in the form of biscuits with a modified carbohydrate profile, a study of physico-chemical and structural-mechanical properties. The оbjects of this research were: basic food matrix, are the prototype of the designed product without modification of the carbohydrate profile prepared by the classic recipe and traditional technologies; model samples of cookies with a modified carbohydrate profile; the experimental sample cookie with a modified carbohydrate profile and optimized physic-chemical, structural-mechanical and organoleptic indicators. Determination of physic-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of biscuits was carried out by standard methods.

[Comparative assessment of efficiency of the low-calorie diets modified by proteinaceous and vitamin cocktails].

The aim of the work is comparative assessment of efficiency of a hypocaloric diet with inclusion of proteinaceous and vitamin cocktails at obesity. 90 patients with obesity of the II–III degree at the age of 18–65 years by the principle of casual selection were divided into three groups. Control group (30 patients) received a standard low-calorie diet with an energy value of 1600 kcal/day.

[Influence of cookies with a modified carbohydrate profile on postprandial glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes].

The aim of the study was assessment of influence of cookies with a modified carbohydrate profile on postprandial glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included 20 patients 35–69 years old, with type 2 diabetes and obesity II–III degrees (BMI=40.2±1.

[Assessment of efficiency of dietotherapy with addition of a vitamin-mineral complex in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2].

The influence of diet inclusion of vitamin and mineral complex (VMC), potassium and magnesium in the form of asparaginate on micronutrient status, body composition and biochemical parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) has been investigated. 120 female patients with DM2 and obesity of I-III degree (mean age - 58 +/- 6 years) have been included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: main group (n = 60) and control group (n = 60).

[Modification of carbohydrate composition of confectionery for diabetics type 2].

Confectionery products are not staple foods, however, are an integral part of the daily diet of almost all age groups of population, including children and the elderly. Traditional confectionery are high-calorie foods that contain significant amounts of carbohydrates, the bulk of which is sucrose. One of the main requirements to the diet of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, is limiting of easily digestible carbohydrates in the diet.

[Priorities in the development of specialized food products with optimized composition for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

The medical and biological rationale for the use of food ingredients in the development of specialized food products with optimized composition for patients with type 2 diabetes is given in the review. It is shown that the key aspects of the development of specialized foods for patients with type 2 diabetes are meeting the physiological needs of the patient in nutrients and biologically active substances, providing favorable metabolic effects of functional ingredients included in the product, maintaining the traditional quality of the enriched product, adjustment of the product composition in order to mitigate the possible changes caused by the introduction of functional ingredients.