[Effects of relic microorganism B. sp. on development, gaseous exchange, spontaneous motor activity, stress resistance and survival of Drosophila melanogaster].

The effect of relic microorganism B. sp., living in severe environment of Siberian permafrost during thousands and millions of years, on development and stress resistance of Drosophila melanogaster has been studied.

[The activity of gas metabolism, thermoregulation, and antioxidant enzymes in aging C57Bl/6 mice].

The distribution type and correlative links between physiological and biochemical indices characterizing functional condition of the systems of gaseous exchange (V(O2) and V(CO2)), thermoregulation (body temperature and coefficient of thermoconductivity) and antioxidant defense have been studied in 62 young (3-5 mo.) and 58 old (23-26 mo.) male C57Bl/ 6 mice.

[Catalase and glutathione-peroxidase: qualitatively different correlations with the rate of oxygen consumption].

Correlative relations of the liver supernatant enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione-peroxidase (GP) with the velocities of oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide exhalation (VCO2) were analyzed by the two- and three-dimensional linear and non-linear statistical methods in mice. It is shown that despite the close functions, CAT and GP, nevertheless, exhibit opposite correlative and regressive links with the gaseous exchange indices. As was found by the pairwise linear method, the activity correlation with VO2 was positive for CAT, but negative for GP.

[Correlative links between superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in mouse liver].

Qualitative and quantitative differences in correlative and regressive links between superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase were assessed in the mice liver by two- and three-dimensional statistical methods. Paired linear correlation analysis indicated SOD-CAT tandem as the correlatively acting enzymatic pair. Three-dimensional analysis revealed uniform response surfaces which exhibited higher activities at disproportional values of the other two and lower activities at proportional activities of the other two enzymes.

[Correlation between gaseous exchange rate, body temperature, and mitochondrial protein content in the liver of mice].

Correlative and regressive relations between the gaseous exchange, thermoregulation and mitochondrial protein content were analyzed by two- and three-dimensional statistics in mice. It has been shown that the pair wise linear methods of analysis did not reveal any significant correlation between the parameters under exploration. However, it became evident at three-dimensional and non-linear plotting for which the coefficients of multivariable correlation reached and even exceeded 0.

[Characteristics of the effect of implantation of the human ApoA1 gene on the condition of hepatocytes in rats of varying age].

The results obtained show the essential changes in functional state of hepatocyte's plasmatic membrane due to the implantation of human ApoA1 gene to the rat liver. The changes in phospholipid composition, hyperpolarization, increase in activity of membrane bound enzymes, cytochrome P-450 and biosynthesis of liver total proteins have been found. The essential changes characterizing cell effect were more marked in the adult rats, and membrane effect in the old ones.

[The effect of the implantation of the human apo A-I gene on the function of the hepatocyte plasma membrane in rats].

Evidences are given that implantation of human apo A-I gene to experimental animals induces essential changes in the functional state of hepatocyte plasmatic phospholipid composition, hyperpolarization development, as well as changes in the Na, K-ATPase and adenylate cyclase activities. The presence of generalized cell reaction is evidenced from the fact than biosynthesis of summary proteins gets enhanced during the above changes.

[Effect of reduced caloric intake on circadian rhythm of gas exchange and heat production in old rats].

Fifty male Wistar rats at the age of 24 months were divided into two equal groups (test and control). Test animals received a 2-fold reduced ration. At the age of 32 months all the animals were examined for gas exchange and heat production circadian rhythm.

[Effect of emotional-pain stress on RNA and protein synthesis in rats of different age].

The intensity of RNA and protein biosynthesis is studied in different tissues as well as in active and low-active fractions of liver chromatin, when adult and old rats are subjected to emotional-painful stress during 3 days. Significant stimulation of RNA and protein biosynthesis in chromatin fractions in liver and total RNA and protein in adrenals and hypothalamus is observed.

[Effect of adrenergic and cholinergic blocking agents on the intensity of RNA and protein biosynthesis in the liver of adult and old rats].

The uptake of labelled precursors of RNA and protein and their incorporation into corresponding macromolecules were studied in the liver of adult and old rats after pharmacological blockade of the adreno- and cholinoreceptors. The data obtained suggest direct neural regulation of transcription and translation intensity as well as the weakening of these mechanisms in aging.

[Lipid peroxidation and the life span of Drosophila melanogaster].

Studies have been made on the relationship between incubation temperature (20-30 degrees C) of D. melanogaster and the life span as well as the content of various products of lipid peroxidation. It was shown that the increase in the environmental temperature results in the decrease in the life span, the content of unsaturated fatty acids and conjugated hydroxyperoxids; ketodienic content increases.

[Distribution of the species-specific lifespan in various taxonomic animal groups].

A distribution of specific lifespan has been studied in different taxonomic groups of animals. A positive skewness has been observed in animal kingdom as well as in smaller taxonomic groups. The skewness is higher in groups with relatively short lifespan (Insecta, Rotatoria, Mollusca).

[Effect of electrostimulation of the hypothalamus on protein biosynthesis in organs of adult and aged rats].

The effect of hypothalamus electrical stimulation on total protein biosynthesis was studied in skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adrenal cortex and thyroid gland of adult rats. In adult animals hypothalamus stimulation provokes a pronounced increase in 3H-leucine incorporation into total protein of all tissues, as well as into liver chromatin proteins. No significant changes were observed in protein biosynthesis when hypothalamus of old rats was stimulated.

[Effect of hydrocortisone on RNA synthesis in the liver of rats of different ages].

Hydrocortisone effect on the transcription intensity of several RNA syntheses in the liver of rats of different age was studied in vivo and in vitro. It was shown that hydrocortisone injection to young and adult animals leads to marked stimulation of RNA synthesis in hepatocytes, manifested in increased specific radioactivity of RNA fractions or enhanced RNA-polymerase A and B activities. In old rats the intensity of the nuclear precursor synthesis of ribosome RNA is also significantly grows under hormone influence, whereas the informative RNA intensity does not markedly change.

[Relation between membrane potential changes and DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in regenerating liver cells after partial hepatectomy].

Variations in the membrane potential and in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis were studied in experiments on rats at varying times after hepatectomy. Hyperpolarization of the hepatocyte plasmatic membrane was shown to develop during liver regeneration along with activation of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Actinomycin D prevented the development of hyperpolarization and activation of RNA and protein synthesis.

[Synthesis of RNA fractions in rat liver during single and multiple stimulation of the hypothalamus].

Specific radioactivity of RNA from rat liver tissue, labelled with 14C-orotic acid and fractionated using thermic phenol method, was altered dissimilarly. In single stimulation of hypothalamus the specific radioactivity of nuclear RNA was increased in RNA-40 degrees fraction than in RNA-55 degrees and RNA-63 degrees ones. A decrease in synthesis of nuclear RNA fractions followed the phase of activation in repeated stimulation of hypothalamus.

[Effect of long-term administration of hydrocortisone on the activity of glucosephosphatase and fructosediphosphatase and the synthesis of RNA fractions in the liver of rats of different age].

Experiments were conducted on albino rats of 3 age groups (2--3, 8--12, and 24--28-month-old). A study was made of the influence of prolonged administration of hydrocortisone on the activity of glucoso-6-phosphatase, fructoso-1,6-diphosphatase and the synthesis of RNA fractionated by the thermic phenol method. An increase of the enzyme activity, of the specific radioactivity, of the relative specific radioactivity of the RNA fractions was less pronounced in old rats.