The mA reader YTHDF2 is a negative regulator for dendrite development and maintenance of retinal ganglion cells.

The precise control of growth and maintenance of the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dendrite arborization is critical for normal visual functions in mammals. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we find that the -methyladenosine (mA) reader YTHDF2 is highly expressed in the mouse RGCs.

Satisfaction with Subcutaneous Golimumab and its Auto-Injector among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Inadequate Response to Adalimumab or Etanercept.

Background: Patient perceptions of treatment success, including satisfaction/preference, may complement clinical efficacy assessments.

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate satisfaction with subcutaneous golimumab and its auto-injector in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and an inadequate adalimumab/etanercept response.

Methods: In the multicenter, assessor-blinded GO-SAVE study, 433 patients with active RA (28-joint Disease Activity Score incorporating erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-ESR] ≥ 3.

Patient-reported outcome assessment of inflammatory arthritis patient experience with intravenously administered biologic therapy.

Objective: To evaluate patient perspectives regarding utilization of intravenous (IV) therapy for inflammatory arthritis (IA).

Methods: This was a single-center, noninterventional, patient questionnaire-based study of adult IA patients currently receiving IV biologics. At a single visit, patients completed the questionnaire comprising 30 questions centered on their experience receiving an intravenously administered therapy to treat their IA.

Infliximab Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Malignancy or Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background And Aims: Immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in pediatric patients is thought to increase the risk of malignancy and lymphoproliferative disorders, including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). We compared unadjusted incidence rates of malignancy and HLH in pediatric patients with IBD exposed to infliximab (IFX) with patients not exposed to biologics and calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs).

Methods: We collected and analyzed data from 5766 participants in a prospective study of long-term outcomes of pediatric patients with IBD (NCT00606346), from May 31, 2007 through June 30, 2016.

Change in erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume during combination therapy with azathioprine and infliximab is associated with mucosal healing: a post hoc analysis from SONIC.

Background: The adequacy of exposure of purine analogs as measured by 6-thioguanine nucleotides concentrations in the setting of combination therapy remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) value (as a surrogate marker of 6-thioguanine nucleotides concentration) and Crohn's disease outcomes in the setting of combination therapy with infliximab.

Methods: The SONIC trial was a randomized controlled trial comparing infliximab to azathioprine and to infliximab plus azathioprine in 508 Crohn's disease patients.

Factors associated with short- and long-term outcomes of therapy for Crohn's disease.

Background & Aims: Our post hoc analysis assessed the association of early (at weeks 26-30) clinical, endoscopic, biologic, and pharmacokinetic outcomes with corticosteroid-free remission at week 50 (CSFR50); CSFR50 was observed in 55.2% and 65.4% of patients treated with infliximab, alone or in combination with azathioprine, respectively.

Postinduction serum infliximab trough level and decrease of C-reactive protein level are associated with durable sustained response to infliximab: a retrospective analysis of the ACCENT I trial.

Background: Serum infliximab trough levels correlate with efficacy; dose escalation is often beneficial in patients with Crohn's disease who stop responding to infliximab treatment.

Objective: To carry out a post hoc analysis of A Crohn's Disease Clinical Trial Evaluating Infliximab in a New Long-term Treatment Regimen I (ACCENT I) to evaluate the association between serum infliximab trough levels and C-reactive protein (CRP) after 14 weeks of induction treatment with durable sustained long-term response (Crohn's Disease Activity Index decrease ≥70 points and reduction ≥25% from baseline).

Design: ACCENT I was a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

Validation of endoscopic activity scores in patients with Crohn's disease based on a post hoc analysis of data from SONIC.

Background & Aims: Mucosal healing might alter midterm and long-term outcomes of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and has become an important end point in clinical trials. However, the minimal degree of mucosal improvement (endoscopic response) required to alter midterm outcomes is not known. We aimed to determine the best definition of endoscopic response by evaluating data on the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) and the Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity (CDEIS) from the Study of Biologic and Immunomodulator Naive Patients in Crohn's Disease (SONIC trial).

Infliximab, azathioprine, or combination therapy for Crohn's disease.

Background: The comparative efficacy and safety of infliximab and azathioprine therapy alone or in combination for Crohn's disease are unknown.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind trial, we evaluated the efficacy of infliximab monotherapy, azathioprine monotherapy, and the two drugs combined in 508 adults with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease who had not undergone previous immunosuppressive or biologic therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive an intravenous infusion of 5 mg of infliximab per kilogram of body weight at weeks 0, 2, and 6 and then every 8 weeks plus daily oral placebo capsules; 2.

Correction of anemia with epoetin alfa in chronic kidney disease.

Background: Anemia, a common complication of chronic kidney disease, usually develops as a consequence of erythropoietin deficiency. Recombinant human erythropoietin (epoetin alfa) is indicated for the correction of anemia associated with this condition. However, the optimal level of hemoglobin correction is not defined.