Deformation characteristics of hydrogel products based on cross-linked hyaluronic acid.

Background: The cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are the viscoelastic hydrogel with a dominant elasticity rather than a viscosity as a useful medical device in the soft tissue augmentation. These HA fillers undergo deformation to begin the biodegradation by the biochemical and physical environment of the body, and result of deformations are closely related to clinical performance.

Aims: The specific equation of molding index is newly generated and proved with Collin's equation, which is used for strong elastomers, for selecting optimal product in facial treatment.

Toxicity Assessment of a Single Dose of Poly(ethylene glycol) Diglycidyl Ether (PEGDE) Administered Subcutaneously in Mice.

Poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) is widely used to cross-link polymers, particularly in the pharmaceutical and biomaterial sectors. However, the subcutaneous toxicity of PEGDE has not yet been assessed. PEGDE samples (500-40,000 μg/mouse) were subcutaneously injected into the paraspinal dorsum of BALB/c male mice.

In vitro toxicity assessment of crosslinking agents used in hyaluronic acid dermal filler.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers are produced by crosslinking HA with agents, such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) and poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) to acquire desired properties. Thus, the safety evaluation of these crosslinkers is needed at the cellular level. In the present study, cell viability, cytotoxicity, membrane integrity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and inflammatory responses were evaluated in the human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT and human dermal fibroblast cell line, HDF in response to treatment with the crosslinkers.

Rheological properties and efficacy of the formulation of hyaluronic acid with tamarind seed polysaccharide for arthritis.

Background: Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) is used as a texturizing agent and a thickener in food and pharmaceutical products. There are no publications describing the addition of TSP to intra-articular injection formulations for arthritis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the rheology and efficacy of the formulation of TSP with hyaluronic acid (HA) as a new material for injection for arthritis.

ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF AGRIMONIA EUPATORIA EXTRACT ON A CISPLATIN-INDUCED NEUROPATHIC MODEL.

Background: Natural products including are considered an incomparable source of molecular diversity that has led to the medicines, especially for pain treatment. To investigate the antinociception of , we examined its activity in a rat model of cisplatin neuropathy.

Materials And Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats received intraperitoneal (i.

Antimalarial activity of nepodin isolated from Rumex crispus.

The purpose of this study is to define the antimalarial activity of Rumex crispus. To identify an active compound that is isolated from R. crispus, bioassay-based chromatographic fractionation and purification is carried out from 70 % ethanol extract of R.

Preclinical pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of human papillomavirus DNA vaccine delivered in human endogenous retrovirus envelope-coated baculovirus vector.

Purpose: Test pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of a human papillomavirus(HPV)16L1 DNA vaccine delivered in human endogenous retrovirus envelope protein (HERV)-expressing baculovirus (AcHERV) and those of naked plasmid vaccine.

Method: HPV16L1 gene was administrated as a naked plasmid or in AcHERV to mice via intravenous and intramuscular routes. HPV16L1 gene was extracted and assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, which was determined to have a detection limit of 50 copies/µg genomic DNA.

Protective effects of fucoidan against γ-radiation-induced damage of blood cells.

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide purified from brown algae including Fucus vesiculosus and Laminaria japonica, has a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant and antitumor activities. Here, we investigated the radioprotective effects of fucoidan on human monoblastic leukemia cell line U937. Further, animal tests were carried out using Balb/c mice in order to determine the radiation-induced changes in the counts of blood cells, including thrombocytes, erythrocytes, leukocytes and hematocrit.

Identification of Streptomyces sp. KH29, which produces an antibiotic substance processing an inhibitory activity against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

The Actinomycete strain KH29 is antagonistic to the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Based on the diaminopimelic acid (DAP) type, and the morphological and physiological characteristics observed through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), KH29 was confirmed as belonging to the genus Streptomyces. By way of its noted 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences, KH29 was found to have a relationship with Streptomyces cinnamonensis.

Pre- and co-treatment with xanthophyll enhances the anti-leukemic activity of adriamycin.

Xanthophyll (lutein) is one of the most potent known antioxidants. It has been shown that dietary intake of xanthophyll helps to prevent age-related macular degeneration and the development of cataracts. It may also reduce the risk of developing various types of cancer.

Radioprotective effect of cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl) on irradiated rat lung.

In the present study, we investigated the radioprotective effect of cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl) on irradiated rat lungs to determine its potential as a radioprotective agent. We found that early lung damage induced by irradiation was reduced by treatment with 40 mg/kg of cyclo(Lphenylalanyl- L-prolyl) in the latent and early pneumonitis phases. Expression of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 at 2 and TGF-beta1 at 8 weeks post-irradiation was decreased in animals that received both radiation and cyclo(L-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl) compared with animals that received radiation alone.

Glycoprotein isolated from Acanthopanax senticosus protects against hepatotoxicity induced by acute and chronic alcohol treatment.

The protective effect of a 30 kDa glycoprotein (GF-AS) isolated from the stem bark of Acanthopanax senticosus against acute and chronic alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity were studied. N-terminal amino acid sequence of GF-AS showed NH(2)-Val-Ala-Tyr-Pro-Trp-Ala-Gly-Phe-Ala-Leu-Ser-Leu-Glx-Pro-Pro-Ala-Gly-Tyr-. GF-AS significantly increases the activities of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, including alcohol dehydrogenase, microsomal ethanol metabolizing system, and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in rats acutely treated with alcohol, resulting in decreased plasma alcohol levels.

Correlative effect between in vivo hollow fiber assay and xenografts assay in drug screening.

Purpose: This study was carried out to assess the usage of an in vivo hollow fiber assay to screen drugs with highly predictive accuracy.

Materials And Methods: The assay systems used were the hollow fiber and xenografts assays. The hollow fiber assay was carried out with the following steps; preparation of fibers, preparation of cells, loading and implanting fibers, treatment with drugs, removal of fibers and assaying for the cell viability by the MTT assay.

Anti-angiogenic effect of the seed extract of Benincasa hispida Cogniaux.

Benincasa hispida in Korea was used mainly diabetes and diuresis diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate anti-angiogenic effect of the seed extract of Benincasa hispida Cogniaux. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent angiogenic factor found in various tumors.

Anti-metastatic activity of glycoprotein fractionated from Acanthopanax senticosus, involvement of NK-cell and macrophage activation.

Previously, we reported that water-extracted Acanthopanax senticosus exhibited anti-metastatic activity by stimulating the immune system. In this study, we fractionated glycoproteins (EN-SP) from the soluble protein layer (GF-AS) of A. senticosus and determined their basic chemical properties.

Inhibition of complement activation by recombinant Sh-CRIT-ed1 analogues.

Sh-CRIT-ed1 is a potent anti-complement peptide that inhibits the classical complement-activation pathway by interfering with the formation of the C3-convertase complex, C4b2a. C2 is an essential serum glycoprotein that provides the catalytic subunit of the C3 and C5 convertases of the classical pathways of complement activation. Because only in its C4-bound state is C2a capable of cleaving its physiological protein substrates C3 and C5, the interaction of Sh-CRIT-ed1 with C2 plays a decisive role of inhibition in the classical complement-activation process.

Synthesis and biological activity of the new 5-fluorocytosine derivatives, 5'-deoxy-N-alkyloxycarbonyl-5-fluorocytosine-5'-carboxylic acid.

A series of 5-fluorocytosine derivatives, 5'-deoxy-N-alkyloxycarbonyl-5-fluorocytosine-5'-carboxylic acid 6, were synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activity.