Breast Arterial Calcifications on Mammography: Awareness and Reporting Preferences Amongst Referring Physicians in Canada.

Breast arterial calcifications (BAC) on mammography have been correlated with increased cardiovascular risk. The Canadian Society of Breast Imaging released a position statement on BAC reporting in January 2023. This study evaluates the awareness of the clinical significance of BAC and reporting preferences of referring physicians in Canada.

Plasma Proteomics of Exercise Blood Pressure and Incident Hypertension.

Importance: Blood pressure response during acute exercise (exercise blood pressure [EBP]) is associated with the future risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Biochemical characterization of EBP could inform disease biology and identify novel biomarkers of future hypertension.

Objective: To identify protein markers associated with EBP and test their association with incident hypertension.

Long-Term Second Malignancies in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy and Radical Prostatectomy.

Purpose: Second malignancy is a rare but potentially lethal event after prostate brachytherapy, but data remain scarce on its long-term risk. The objective of this study is to estimate the number of pelvic second malignancies following brachytherapy compared to radical prostatectomy (RP).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients treated with low-dose I brachytherapy and RP in British Columbia from 1999 to 2010.

Establishing a neonatology consultation program: extending care beyond the neonatal intensive care unit.

Neonates can be cared for in neonatal, pediatric, or cardiac intensive care units, and general and subspecialty pediatric units. Disposition is based on phase of care, gestational and postnatal age, birth weight, specific cardiac or surgical diagnoses, and co-existing medical morbidities. In addition, neonates may transfer between the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and other units several times throughout their hospitalization.

Sex Differences in the Development of Anthracycline-Associated Heart Failure.

Background: Female sex is frequently cited as a risk factor for anthracycline cardiotoxicity based on pediatric data, but the role of sex in the development of cardiotoxicity has not been clearly established in adults.

Objectives: To assess the effect of female sex on the development of incident heart failure (HF) in adult patients treated with anthracyclines.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 1525 adult patients with no prior history of HF or cardiomyopathy who were treated with anthracyclines between 1992 and 2019.

Protein-metabolite association studies identify novel proteomic determinants of metabolite levels in human plasma.

Although many novel gene-metabolite and gene-protein associations have been identified using high-throughput biochemical profiling, systematic studies that leverage human genetics to illuminate causal relationships between circulating proteins and metabolites are lacking. Here, we performed protein-metabolite association studies in 3,626 plasma samples from three human cohorts. We detected 171,800 significant protein-metabolite pairwise correlations between 1,265 proteins and 365 metabolites, including established relationships in metabolic and signaling pathways such as the protein thyroxine-binding globulin and the metabolite thyroxine, as well as thousands of new findings.

DNA Ploidy as a Potential Adjunct Prognostic Marker of Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Progression after Radical Prostatectomy.

Purpose: Post prostatectomy PSA kinetics and General Grade Groups (GGG) are the strongest prognostic markers of biochemical recurrence (BCR) and prostate cancer (PCa)-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy. Despite having low-risk PCa, some patients will experience BCR, for some, clinically significant BCR. There is a need for an objective prognostic marker at the time of prostatectomy to improve risk stratification within this population.

Mediators of the association between maternal body mass index and breastfeeding duration in 3 international cohorts.

Background: Maternal obesity has been associated with shorter breastfeeding duration, but little is known about mediating factors explaining this association. It is important to assess these relationships across diverse populations because breastfeeding is culturally patterned.

Objectives: We investigated the association of prepregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) with breastfeeding outcomes and potential mediators of this relationship in 3 culturally diverse international cohorts.

Salvage prostate brachytherapy in radiorecurrent prostate cancer: An international Delphi consensus study.

Background And Purpose: Local recurrences after previous radiotherapy (RT) are increasingly being identified in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. Salvage prostate brachytherapy (BT) is an effective and well tolerated treatment option. We sought to generate international consensus statements on the use and preferred technical considerations for salvage prostate BT.

Plasma proteomic changes in response to exercise training are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness adaptations.

Regular exercise leads to widespread salutary effects, and there is increasing recognition that exercise-stimulated circulating proteins can impart health benefits. Despite this, limited data exist regarding the plasma proteomic changes that occur in response to regular exercise. Here, we perform large-scale plasma proteomic profiling in 654 healthy human study participants before and after a supervised, 20-week endurance exercise training intervention.

Evidence Based Strategies in the Management of Localized Prostate Cancer and the Role of Brachytherapy.

Prostate cancer management is a critical component of men's health with ongoing controversies in screening and treatment. The purpose of this manuscript is to review contemporary evidence-based strategies in the management of localized prostate cancer to optimize patient outcomes, satisfaction, and shared decision making, to improve physician education and awareness, and to emphasize the importance of brachytherapy in the curative management of prostate cancer. The Bottom Line: 1.

Outcomes after PD-103 versus I-125 for low dose rate prostate brachytherapy monotherapy: An international, multi-institutional study.

Background And Purpose: Pd-103 and I-125 are commonly used in low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy for prostate cancer. Comparisons of outcomes by isotope type are limited, but Pd-103 has distinct radiobiologic advantages over I-125 despite its lesser availability outside the United States. We evaluated oncologic outcomes after Pd-103 vs I-125 LDR monotherapy for prostate cancer.

Protein Markers of Diabetes Discovered in an African American Cohort.

Proteomics has been used to study type 2 diabetes, but the majority of available data are from White participants. Here, we extend prior work by analyzing a large cohort of self-identified African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study (n = 1,313). We found 325 proteins associated with incident diabetes after adjusting for age, sex, and sample batch (false discovery rate q < 0.

The Impact of Parent and Family Caregiver Roles Among Canadian Radiation Oncologists.

Purpose: Working parents, and a rising number of adults delivering care for aging relatives, experience numerous challenges in their personal, family, professional, and financial lives owing to multiple responsibilities. This study describes the experiences of Canadian radiation oncologist (RO) parents and family caregivers, reporting challenges that may exist in providing family care with clinical and academic work commitments.

Methods And Materials: Canadian ROs, via RO heads of departments in cancer centers across Canada, and physician members of the Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey between November 2021 and January 2022.

An Updated Analysis of the Survival Endpoints of ASCENDE-RT.

Purpose: Using the primary endpoint of time to biochemical progression (TTP), Androgen Suppression Combined with Elective Nodal and Dose Escalated Radiation Therapy (ASCENDE-RT) randomized National Comprehensive Cancer Network patients with intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer to low-dose-rate brachytherapy boost (LDR-PB) or dose-escalated external beam boost (DE-EBRT). Randomization to the LDR-PB arm resulted in a 2-fold reduction in biochemical progression compared with the DE-EBRT group at a median follow-up of 6.5 years (P < .

Standardizing the Evaluation and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a Level IV NICU.

Objectives: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe intestinal inflammatory disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in NICUs. Management of NEC is variable because of the lack of evidence-based recommendations. It is widely accepted that standardization of patient care leads to improved outcomes.

After ASCENDE-RT: Biochemical and survival outcomes following combined external beam radiotherapy and low-dose-rate brachytherapy for high-risk and unfavourable intermediate-risk prostate cancer, a population-based analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of unfavorable intermediate-risk (UIR) and high-risk (HR) prostate cancer patients treated with combined external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy (LDR-PB).

Methods And Materials: A population-based cohort of 568 prostate cancer patients treated with combined EBRT and LDR-PB from 2010 to 2016 was analyzed. All patients received EBRT followed by LDR-PB boost.

Evaluation of burnout in physician members of the American Brachytherapy Society.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of burnout among brachytherapy specialists and to identify factors associated with burnout.

Methods And Materials: An anonymous, online, cross-sectional survey was administered to non-trainee physician members of the American Brachytherapy Society. Burnout was evaluated using the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS).

Patterns of Prostate Cancer Recurrence After Brachytherapy Determined by Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Imaging.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the patterns of prostate cancer recurrence after brachytherapy (BT) using 2-(3-[1-carboxy-5-([6-F-fluoropyridine-3-carbonyl]-amino)-pentyl]-ureido)-pentanedioic acid ([F]DCFPyL) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Methods And Materials: Patients were selected from an ongoing prospective institutional trial investigating the use of [F]DCFPyL PSMA PET and CT in recurrent prostate cancer (NCT02899312). This report included patients who underwent BT (either monotherapy or boost) and experienced a biochemical failure (BF) defined by the Phoenix definition (prostate-specific antigen [PSA] > 2 ng/mL above nadir).