A Novel Prognostic Risk Model Based on Oxidative Stress to Predict Survival and Improve Treatment Strategies in Stomach Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the fifth most common tumor worldwide, imposing a significant disease burden on populations, particularly in Asia. Oxidative stress is well-known to play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of malignancies. Our study aimed to construct a prediction model by exploring the correlation between oxidative stress-related genes and the prognosis of patients with STAD.

Deep eutectic solvents assisted laccase pretreatment for improving enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover.

The efficient and eco-friendly removal of lignin is a critical challenge for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. Herein, we report the integration of laccase with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for the pretreatment of corn stover to enhance the production of reducing sugars. Three betaine-based DESs were prepared and tested for their effects on the activity and stability of a bacterial laccase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LC02.

Exploring the pharmacological mechanism of fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract in the treatment of cisplatin-induced kidney injury in mice: Integrated traditional pharmacology, metabolomics and network pharmacology.

Cisplatin (CP) is a widely utilized anticancer drug, which also produces significant side effects, notably acute kidney injury (AKI). Fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf (FEUL), a medicinal and edible Chinese herbal remedy, is known for its renoprotective properties. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of FEUL extract in AKI therapy have remained largely unexplored.

Evolution of Peptidomimetics-Based Chiral Assemblies of β-Sheet, α-Helix, and Double Helix Involving Chalcogen Bonds.

Developing chiral assemblies that mimic biological secondary structures, e.g., protein β-sheet, α-helix, and DNA double helix, is a captivating goal in supramolecular chemistry.

Simultaneous formation of helical and sheet-like assemblies from short azapeptides enables spontaneous resolution.

As determined by the homochirality of amino acid building units, protein secondary structures α-helix and β-sheet are single-handed chiral superstructures extending in one and quasi-two dimensions, respectively. Synthetic molecular assemblies that mimic the structural homochirality of proteins would provide insights into the origin of biological homochirality and inform the development of chiral separation techniques. Here we fabricated a homochiral 3D assembly consisting of 1D helical and 2D sheet-like assemblies that feature molecular packings resembling α-helix and β-sheet, respectively.

The ‌BCL2-associated athanogene-3-Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 2 axis enhances pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma growth via the Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a highly lethal malignancy, exhibits escalating incidence and mortality rates, underscoring the urgent need for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies. The BCL2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG3) protein, a multifunctional regulator involved in various cellular processes, notably plays a crucial role in promoting tumor progression and acts as a potential "bridge" between tumors and the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we demonstrate that PDAC cells secrete BAG3 (sBAG3), which engages the interferon-induced transmembrane protein 2 (IFITM2) receptor to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, specifically enhancing phospho-extracellular regulated protein (pERK) activity, thereby propelling PDAC growth.

Development of a Novel CD8 T Cell-Associated Signature for Prognostic Assessment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical significance and prognostic value of CD8 T cell-related regulatory genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: This was a retrospective study. We combined TCGA-LIHC and single-cell RNA sequencing data for Lasso-Cox regression analysis to screen for CD8 T cell-associated genes to construct a novel signature.

A novel M2-like tumor associated macrophages-related gene signature for predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in gastric cancer.

Background: M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-like TAMs) play key roles in tumor progression and the immune response. However, the clinical significance and prognostic value of M2-like TAMs-associated regulatory genes in gastric cancer (GC) have not been clarified.

Methods: Herein, we identified M2-like TAM-related genes by weighted gene coexpression network analysis of TCGA-STAD and GSE84437 cohort.

m6A methylation of RNF43 inhibits the progression of endometriosis through regulating oxidative phosphorylation via NDUFS1.

Oxidative phosphorylation is becoming increasingly important in the induction and development of endometriosis. Recently, it has been reported that ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) is involved in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, but the mechanism remains unclear. Our investigation is to delve into the roles of RNF43 in endometriosis and elucidate the related mechanisms.

Hydrogen Sulfide can Scavenge Free Radicals to Improve Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting the p38MAPK/mTOR/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes irreversible cell loss and neurological dysfunctions. Presently, there is no an effective clinical treatment for SCI. It can be the only intervention measure by relieving the symptoms of patients such as pain and fever.

Capturing totipotency in human cells through spliceosomal repression.

The cleavage of zygotes generates totipotent blastomeres. In human 8-cell blastomeres, zygotic genome activation (ZGA) occurs to initiate the ontogenesis program. However, capturing and maintaining totipotency in human cells pose significant challenges.

Design, Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of Transcriptional Enhanced Assocciated Domain (TEAD) PROTAC Degraders.

Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway has been observed in various cancers. The transcription factor TEAD, together with its coactivators YAP/TAZ, plays a crucial role in regulating the transcriptional output of the Hippo pathway. Recently, extensive research has focused on small molecule inhibitors targeting TEAD, but studies on TEAD degraders are comparatively rare.

Understanding the potential of taxi sharing: The case of Chengdu.

The emergence of taxi sharing enhances urban transport efficiency and reduces carbon emissions. Using GPS tracking data from taxis in Chengdu, China, this study first outlines conditions for identifying shareable taxi orders based on their origins and destinations. We then develop a three-phase computational model to optimize matches among all potential shareable orders, calculating the shareable mileage and the proportion of original mileage that could be shared.

Identification, heterologous expression and characterization of a new unspecific peroxygenase from Marasmius fiardii PR-910.

Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are glycosylated enzymes that provide an efficient method for oxyfunctionalizing a variety of substrates using only hydrogen peroxide (HO) as the oxygen donor. However, their poor heterologous expression has hindered their practical application. Here, a novel UPO from Marasmius fiardii PR910 (MfiUPO) was identified and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris.

Functional metabolomics reveals arsenic-induced inhibition of linoleic acid metabolism in mice kidney in drinking water.

Arsenic (As) is a heavy metal known for its detrimental effects on the kidneys, but the precise mechanisms underlying its toxicity remain unclear. In this study, we employed an integrated approach combining traditional toxicology methods with functional metabolomics to explore the nephrotoxicity induced by As in mice. Our findings demonstrated that after 28 days of exposure to sodium arsenite, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels were significantly increased, and pathological examination of the kidneys revealed dilation of renal tubules and glomerular injury.

Mitigation of Salt Stress in Rice by the Halotolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium D2.

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that seriously affects crop growth worldwide. In this work, we aimed to isolate potential halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to mitigate the adverse impacts of salt stress in rice. An isolate, D2, with multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics was identified as D2.

A novel approach combining network pharmacology and experimental validation to study the protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against cantharidin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Cantharidin (CTD) is a widely used anticancer compound, but its clinical use is mainly limited due to hepatotoxicity. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) shows potential hepatoprotective effects. Nonetheless, the protective effect and underlying mechanism of GRb1 against CTD-induced hepatotoxicity in mice have not been investigated.

NAMPT‑NAD is involved in the senescence‑delaying effects of saffron in aging mice.

As the proportion of the elderly population grows rapidly, the senescence-delaying effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine is being investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the senescence-delaying effects of saffron in naturally aging mice. The active ingredients in an aqueous saffron extract were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Boosting cadmium tolerance in : the synergistic effects of exogenous nitrogen and phosphorus treatments promoting antioxidant defense and root development.

Plants possess intricate defense mechanisms to resist cadmium (Cd) stress, including strategies like metal exclusion, chelation, osmoprotection, and the regulation of photosynthesis, with antioxidants playing a pivotal role. The application of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers are reported to bolster these defenses against Cd stress. Several studies investigated the effects of N or P on Cd stress in non-woody plants and crops.

Noncovalent interaction network of chalcogen, halogen and hydrogen bonds for supramolecular β-sheet organization.

An alanine-based bilateral building block, linked by 2,5-thiophenediamide motifs and equipped with C-terminal 4-iodoaniline groups, was designed, allowing a noncovalent interaction network consisting of intramolecular chalcogen bonds and intermolecular halogen/hydrogen bonds, which cooperatively maintain a supramolecular β-sheet organization in the solid state, as well as in dilute CHCN solution with a high factor of -0.017.

Identification of biomarkers associated with pediatric asthma using machine learning algorithms: A review.

Pediatric asthma is a complex disease with a multifactorial etiology. The identification of biomarkers associated with pediatric asthma can provide insights into the pathogenesis of the disease and aid in the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for pediatric asthma using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning algorithms.

A New Approach for Exploring Reperfusion Brain Damage in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Reperfusion is an essential pathological stage in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Although the Rice-Vannucci model is widely used in HIE research, it remains difficult to replicate HIE-related reperfusion brain injury. The purpose of this study is to establish a rat model of hypoxia ischemia reperfusion brain damage (HIRBD) using a common carotid artery (CCA) muscle bridge in order to investigate the mechanisms of cerebral resistance to hypoxic-ischemic and reperfusion brain damage.

Machine Learning Techniques Applied to the Study of Drug Transporters.

With the advancement of computer technology, machine learning-based artificial intelligence technology has been increasingly integrated and applied in the fields of medicine, biology, and pharmacy, thereby facilitating their development. Transporters have important roles in influencing drug resistance, drug-drug interactions, and tissue-specific drug targeting. The investigation of drug transporter substrates and inhibitors is a crucial aspect of pharmaceutical development.