Efficacy of additional lateral pinhole and SPECT/CT imaging in dual-phase Tc-99m MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy for localising parathyroid pathologies in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a single-institution experience.

Purpose: Parathyroid imaging with dual-phase technetium-99m methoxyisobutrylizonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) scintigraphy serves as an important prerequisite for the identification of hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland(s) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) for a successful targeted parathyroidectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of additional lateral imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) versus conventional planar imaging for locating parathyroid pathologies in patients with PHPT.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 105 patients who underwent dual-phase Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy and were surgically treated by parathyroidectomy.

Evaluation of Colonoscopic Results of Patients with Incidental Colonic FDG Uptake in PET/CT Imaging.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a significant global health concern, ranking as the second most deadly and third most common cancer worldwide. Early detection and removal of precancerous lesions play a crucial role in preventing cancer development and reducing mortality. Since FDG uptake is not specific for malignancy, incidental increased FDG uptake in the gastrointestinal tract may be challenging to interpret and may require further colonoscopic examination.

Disseminated Infection and Treatment Response on F-18 Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography.

We report a rare case of nocardiosis with increased F-18 Fludeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) uptake in widespread abscess foci of infection in an immunocompromised patient on positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. A relatively infrequent cause of nocardiosis, . is an opportunistic infection that may present with clinically aggressive disseminated disease.

Lhermitte-Duclos Disease Related With Cowden Syndrome Mimicking Metastatic Lung Cancer on FDG PET/CT.

Cowden syndrome is characterized by multiple hamartomatous and neoplastic lesions including Lhermitte-Duclos disease, which is the main criterion for the diagnosis. Herein, we presented a patient with suspected metastatic disease referred to PET/CT, which showed mildly hypermetabolic multinodular thyroid goiter, multiple hamartomatous pulmonary, and breast nodules. Also, intense hypermetabolism was noted on the cerebellar tumor lesion.

Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction on I SPECT/CT: Atypical False-positive Paranasal Radioiodine Uptake as a Complication of Single-dose RAI Treatment.

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is a rare complication after radioiodine therapy and may cause false positive I uptake at the point of obstruction in I whole body scan. Here, we report a 59-year-old female patient with papillary thyroid cancer treated with total thyroidectomy followed by I therapy. I whole body scan revealed focal uptake in the head.

Nocardia Infection With Adrenal Gland Abscess Mimicking Metastatic Lung Cancer on FDG PET/CT.

We present FDG PET/CT findings of a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient suspicious for lung cancer with a solitary metastasis to the adrenal gland. Wedge resection of the pulmonary nodules revealed Nocardia infection and a repeat FDG PET/CT imaging after the antibiotic treatment demonstrated complete metabolic response of the adrenal lesion and pulmonary nodules. It should be kept in mind that nocardiosis may present with FDG-avid lesions masquerading as malignancies in immunocompromised patients.

68Ga-PSMA Uptake in Brain Metastasis of Gastric Carcinoma.

A 69-year-old man with a known history of gastric and prostate adenocarcinoma was referred to 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT for restaging due to biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT revealed tracer accumulation in the primary prostatic lesion, lymph node, bone metastases, and brain lesion, which was later confirmed on biopsy to be metastasis of gastric carcinoma. This case reminds us of the variable spectrum of 68Ga-PSMA uptake in prostatic and nonprostatic metastatic lesions, the potential pitfalls on PET/CT images in the workup of patients with concomitant malignancies.

FDG PET/CT Features of Polysaccharide-Based Hemostatic Agent: Chronic Inflammatory Changes Can Mimic Metastatic Lesions.

Purpose: To prevent hemorrhagic complications, hemostatic agents (HAs) have been widely used in recent years. The use of HAs can lead to false-positive results on postoperative imaging. There exists only 1 study in the literature evaluating these applications during surgical procedures.

Distinguishing Meningioma From Metastasis of Prostate Cancer on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT.

Meningiomas are typically benign and the most common primary brain tumors. They are usually diagnosed based on their characteristic appearance on both MRI and CT. Meningiomas can easily be misdiagnosed as metastasis of prostate cancer due to their high 68Ga-PSMA uptake on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT.

Primary Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Liver on FDG PET/CT.

Primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the liver is a rare subtype of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatic ASC consists of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components. Because hepatic ASC is extremely rare, only a few cases describing the imaging findings of hepatic ASC were reported before.

Detection of Chyle Leakage Site With Lymphoscintigraphy SPECT/CT in a Patient With Chylothorax Secondary to T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

We present a pediatric case with T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and persistent chylothorax who was referred to lymphoscintigraphy to identify the site of leakage. Planar lymphoscintigraphy with SPECT/CT revealed hot spots at the left jugulovenous angle and the confluens of the vena brachiocephalica to vena cava, which were compatible with the sites of leakage. Hybrid imaging with SPECT/CT technique have great impact on accurate detection of the defects in the lymphatic system in patients with chylothorax.

Physiological Biodistribution of Ga-DOTA-TATE in Normal Subjects.

Objectives: Somatostatin is an endocrine peptide hormone that regulates neurotransmission and cell proliferation by interacting with G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). SSTRs are specific molecular targets of several radiotracers for neuroendocrine tumor (NET) imaging. Gallium-68 (Ga)-DOTA-TATE is widely used for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of SSTRs and has shown a higher affinity for SSTR2, the most common SSTR subtype found in NETs.

Correlation Between Perfusion Abnormalities Extent in Ventilation/Perfusion SPECT/CT with Hemodynamic Parameters in Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Objectives: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a type of pulmonary hypertension with persistent pulmonary vascular obstruction and exercise intolerance, which may benefit from pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan is the preferred screening test of CTEPH, which can be used to assess the anatomical extent of the disease. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the extent of mismatched Q defects in V/Q single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) with preoperative clinical and hemodynamic parameters in patients with CTEPH.

Porta Hepatic Schwannoma on FDG PET/CT.

Schwannomas are benign tumors that arise from Schwann cells of neural sheath. They can occur in any part of the body. However, the most common locations are the head, neck, spinal cord, and extremities.

Incidental 68Ga-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Uptake in Compression Fracture of a Vertebral Body.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a membrane glycoprotein, which is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells. With its wide use, there is a growing number of case reports describing non-prostate cancer-related benign and malignant lesions showing increased 68Ga-PSMA uptake. We herein present the case of an 89-year-old man with prostate cancer who was referred for 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT for restaging, which revealed incidental 68Ga-PSMA uptake in compression fracture of a vertebral body.

Endotracheal metastasis of colon cancer on FDG PET/CT.

Although tracheal involvement of lung cancer is frequently seen, endotracheal metastasis of colon cancer is a rare entity. Since endotracheal lesion gives no symptom until tracheal lumen nearly occluded, the diagnosis of endotracheal metastasis could be challenging. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography may be crucial to detect this unusal distant metastasis of colon cancer.

Does Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Avidity of Vertebral Hemangioma Change?

Vertebral hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of the spine and mostly occur in the thoracic spine. Mostly they are detected incidentally during imaging studies for other reasons. We present the case of vertebral hemangioma that showed prostate-specific membrane antigen uptake in the second 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT, whereas no uptake was observed in the initial study.

FDG-Avid Lung Nodule Formation by the Use of Hemostatic Powder: A Potential Cause of False-Positive FDG PET/CT.

FDG PET/CT is used in the diagnosis and follow-up of various malignant tumors and changes patient management in routine clinical practice. However, inflammatory, infectious, physiological, and technical causes and benign pathological conditions may lead to false-positive FDG uptake. We report a case of a 59-year-old man who was considered having a false-positive FDG-PET pulmonary nodular lesion in favor of metastasis, which was formed by the use of hemostatic powder.

FDG PET/CT Findings of Extrarenal Wilms Tumor Originating From the Spinal Cord.

Extrarenal Wilms tumor (ERWT) is an extremely rare neoplasm of childhood. It occurs predominantly in retroperitoneum and pelvic or inguinal region without involvement of the kidneys. Although the importance of FDG PET/CT in Wilms tumor is well known, its use in ERWT is limited.

Recurrent Tc Sestamibi Emboli in the Lungs Revealed on Consecutive Rest and Stress Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Images.

Many causes of incidental focal uptake on raw data images using myocardial perfusion imaging, including malignant diseases, metastatic processes, benign pathologies, and physiological conditions, have been reported in the literature. However, iatrogenic Tc sestamibi emboli have not yet been reported. Herein, we demonstrated iatrogenic Tc sestamibi embolization on consecutive rest and stressed myocardial perfusion images at different locations.

Change in standardized uptake values in delayed 18F-FDG positron emission tomography images in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Delayed 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been associated with improved diagnostic yield in several malignancies; however, data on the use of delayed imaging in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is scarce. This study aimed to examine tumoral and background standardized uptake value (SUV) alterations in dual-phase F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging.Fifty-two HCC cases underwent dual-time-point F-FDG PET/CT examination where early and delayed images were obtained.