Nebulizers.

Nebulizers generate aerosols from liquid-based solutions and suspensions. Nebulizers are particularly well suited to delivering larger doses of medication than is practical with inhalers and are used with a broad range of liquid formulations. When the same drug is available in liquid or inhaler form, nebulizers are applicable for use with patients who will not or cannot reliably use a pressurized metered-dosed inhaler (pMDI) or dry powder inhaler (DPI) due to poor lung function, hand-breath coordination, cognitive abilities (e.

Orally inhaled migraine therapy: Where are we now?

Migraine is a debilitating disease that affects 9% of men and 19% of women worldwide with high socio-economic and personal impact. Surveys indicate that migraineurs are among the most dissatisfied with available therapeutic options, predominantly given via oral or injectable routes, citing side effects as the primary complaint. Orally inhaled therapies have the potential to offer faster onset of action with fewer side effects compared to existing therapies, yet development has stalled.