The present study explored the opposing effects on memory of semantic elaboration and division of attention on learning and recognition of verbal paired associates. Previous work had found that levels of recollection were reduced under divided attention conditions, even after equating expressed elaboration levels between full and divided attention. The present experiments not only confirmed this finding but also found that participants based their expressed levels of elaboration largely on normative values rather than on subjectively achieved levels of elaboration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful neuropathic condition that is often difficult to diagnose and treat in children. In patients who fail conservative treatment, an interventional approach can provide pain relief and improve functionality. We present a case in which an ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) was performed on a pediatric patient with refractory CRPS affecting the upper extremity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cardiovasc Med
January 2025
Cardiac tamponade often presents as external compression of the heart by pericardial fluid, leading to hemodynamic instability, but it can rarely be caused by compression by a solid mass. In this report, we present a case of tamponade-like physiology resulting from a large mediastinal tumor. This is an unusual phenomenon that is rarely described in the literature, and its optimal management remains controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hypertension (HTN) has been demonstrated as one of the leading risk factors for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality.
Methods: This study examines the prevalence and distribution of HTN subtypes (isolated diastolic hypertension [IDH], isolated systolic hypertension [ISH], and systolic-diastolic hypertension [SDH]) across age, sex, and race/ethnicity per the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2020 based on the updated 2017 ACC/AHA HTN definition. We further examined for associations of each subtype with CVD and all-cause mortality using Cox regression analysis.
Linguistic accommodation refers to the process of adjusting one's language, speech, or communication style to match or adapt to that of others in a social interaction. It is known to be vital to effective health communication. Despite this evidence, there is little scientific guidance on how to design linguistically adapted health behavior interventions for diverse English-speaking populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth system data from a large academic medical center revealed a 14% lower rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in resident patient panels compared to faculty patient panels. This resident-led quality improvement (QI) work identified causes for disparities in CRC screening and implemented an innovative panel management intervention to reduce CRC screening disparities. Analysis was conducted across two academic primary care clinics at a single institution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the potential contribution of large-scale food fortification (LSFF) towards meeting dietary micronutrient requirements in Tanzania.
Design: We used household food consumption data from the National Panel Survey 2014-15 to estimate fortifiable food vehicle coverage and consumption (standardised using the adult female equivalent approach) and the prevalence at risk of inadequate apparent intake of five micronutrients included in Tanzania's fortification legislation. We modelled four LSFF scenarios: no fortification, status quo (i.
Introduction: Gaining insight into patient characteristics to predict the success of procedures is crucial for improving outcomes and for preoperative counselling. We identified predictors of achieving a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) 3 months after Rezūm.
Material And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients treated with Rezūm.
This study investigated the degrees of lenition, or consonantal weakening, in the production of Spanish stop consonants by native English speakers during a study abroad (SA) program. Lenition is a key phonological process in Spanish, where voiced stops (/b/, /d/, /ɡ/) typically weaken to fricatives or approximants in specific phonetic environments. For L2 learners, mastering this subtle process is essential for achieving native-like pronunciation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreasing dietary calcium intakes of Ethiopian women of reproductive age (WRA) is a public health priority for reducing pre-eclampsia in pregnancy. Using linear programming, we determined whether locally available foods consumed by WRA in nine regions (urban and rural) and two administrative cities of Ethiopia could provide 1000 mg/day of dietary calcium, and we identified food-based recommendations (FBRs) to improve dietary calcium adequacy in each region. Results showed that diets providing 1000 mg/day of calcium were feasible in eight regions (40%) of the target populations examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredictions of gradient degree of lenition of voiceless and voiced stops in a corpus of Argentine Spanish are evaluated using three acoustic measures (minimum and maximum intensity velocity and duration) and two recurrent neural network (Phonet) measures (posterior probabilities of sonorant and continuant phonological features). While mixed and inconsistent predictions were obtained across the acoustic metrics, sonorant and continuant probability values were consistently in the direction predicted by known factors of a stop's lenition with respect to its voicing, place of articulation, and surrounding contexts. The results suggest the effectiveness of Phonet as an additional or alternative method of lenition measurement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The prevalence of visual impairment and ocular diseases changes over time. This measure can help general practitioners in anticipating common eye disorders that may require ophthalmological referrals to government hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of visual impairment and ocular diseases in an outpatient ophthalmology clinic in a public hospital and the types of investigations frequently conducted to diagnose these diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLinguistic alignment, the tendency of speakers to share common linguistic features during conversations, has emerged as a key area of research in computer-supported collaborative learning. While previous studies have shown that linguistic alignment can have a significant impact on collaborative outcomes, there is limited research exploring its role in K-12 learning contexts. This study investigates syntactic and lexical linguistic alignments in a collaborative computer science-learning corpus from 24 pairs (48 individuals) of middle school students (aged 11-13).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Automatic recognition of stutters (ARS) from speech recordings can facilitate objective assessment and intervention for people who stutter. However, the performance of ARS systems may depend on how the speech data are segmented and labelled for training and testing. This study compared two segmentation methods: event-based, which delimits speech segments by their fluency status, and interval-based, which uses fixed-length segments regardless of fluency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe IOWA strain of Cryptosporidium parvum is widely used in studies of the biology and detection of the waterborne pathogens Cryptosporidium spp. While several lines of the strain have been sequenced, IOWA-II, the only reference of the original subtype (IIaA15G2R1), exhibits significant assembly errors. Here we generated a fully assembled genome of IOWA-CDC of this subtype using PacBio and Illumina technologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic pain is one of the most significant health issues in the United States, affecting more than 20% of the population. Despite its contribution to the increasing health crisis, reliable predictors of disease development, progression, or treatment outcomes are lacking. Self-report remains the most effective way to assess pain, but measures are often acquired in sparse settings over short time windows, limiting their predictive ability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPercutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation is an integral aspect of minimally interventional cardiac procedures. The technology and techniques behind stent design and implantation have evolved rapidly over several decades. However, continued discourse remains around optimal peri- and post-interventional management with dual antiplatelet therapy to minimise both major cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events and iatrogenic bleeding risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe precise control of mechanochemical activation within deep tissues via non-invasive ultrasound holds profound implications for advancing our understanding of fundamental biomedical sciences and revolutionizing disease treatments. However, a theory-guided mechanoresponsive materials system with well-defined ultrasound activation has yet to be explored. Here we present the concept of using porous hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) as toolkits for focused ultrasound programmably triggered drug activation to control specific cellular events in the deep brain, through on-demand scission of the supramolecular interactions.
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