Contributions of Hope in physical activity and exercise goal attainment in college students.

Background: College students significantly decrease physical activity (PA) over the course of a four-year degree, increasing the risk for chronic disease. Research shows that psychological constructs impact behavior and goal attainment. However, little is known regarding the effect of psychological variables on PA levels in students.

Treatment Goals and Preferences of Black Veterans with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain.

Understanding patient goals and preferences is critical in the context of complex conditions such as chronic pain. This need may be especially pronounced for Black patients, who experience significant health and healthcare disparities. The primary aim of this study was to describe the treatment goals and preferences of Black veterans with chronic musculoskeletal pain who were enrolled in the intervention arm of a randomized controlled trial testing a coaching intervention.

Meta-analysis of the relationship between metacognition and disorganized symptoms in psychosis.

Objective: Disorganized symptoms show associations with metacognitive deficits in psychosis. However, the magnitude of this relationship is unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to 1) quantify relationships between metacognition and both disorganized symptoms and disorganized speech; and 2) examine moderators of these relationships (e.

Cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness-based interventions for distress in patients with advanced cancer: A meta-analysis.

Objective: Various psychosocial interventions have been developed to reduce distress and improve quality of life (QoL) in patients with advanced cancer, many of which are traditional cognitive-behavioral interventions (CBIs) or mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). The aims of this meta-analysis were to determine and compare the overall effects of traditional CBIs and MBIs on distress and QoL in this population and to explore potential moderators of intervention efficacy.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science.

Effect of modernized collaborative care for depression on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and depressive symptom clusters: Data from the eIMPACT trial.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are lower in people with depression and are normalized following pharmacological treatment. However, it is unknown if psychological treatments for depression improve BDNF and if change in BDNF is a mediator of intervention effects on depressive symptoms. Therefore, using data from the eIMPACT trial, we sought to determine the effect of modernized collaborative care for depression on 12-month changes in BDNF and cognitive/affective and somatic depressive symptom clusters and to examine whether BDNF changes mediate intervention effects on depressive symptoms.

Communication and activation in pain to enhance relationships and treat pain with equity (COOPERATE): a randomized clinical trial.

Racialized disparities in chronic pain care are well-documented and persist despite national priorities focused on health equity. Similar disparities have been observed in patient activation (ie, having the knowledge, confidence, and skills to manage one's health). As such, interventions targeting patient activation represent a novel approach to addressing and reducing disparities in pain care.

Dysmenorrhea and psychological distress: a meta-analysis.

Dysmenorrhea is characterized by pelvic pain associated with menstruation. Similar to people with other pain conditions, females who experience dysmenorrhea report increased psychological distress. However, the pooled magnitude of this association has not been quantified across studies.

Posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms and symptom clusters in a sample of treatment-seeking US veterans: Longitudinal associations with meaning in life and general self-efficacy.

Objectives: To quantify the associations between general self-efficacy, subjective meaning in life, and posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms and symptom clusters in US veterans, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Methods: Data from a Veteran Affairs (VA) funded intervention study (n = 191) were examined. Self-report measures of depressive symptoms, general self-efficacy, and meaning in life were collected, along with clinician-rated symptoms of PTSD.

Efficacy of psychological interventions for dysmenorrhea: a meta-analysis.

Dysmenorrhea is pelvic pain associated with menstruation and is one of the most common pain conditions among reproductive-age women. It is commonly treated with medications, complementary and alternative medicine, and self-management techniques. However, there is increased focus on psychological interventions which modify thoughts, beliefs, emotions, and behavioral responses to dysmenorrhea.

Psychosocial Experiences, Challenges, and Recommendations for Care Delivery among Partners of Breast Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Study.

For women diagnosed with breast cancer, partners are consistently identified as the primary support person. Despite growing consensus about the psychosocial experience and unmet needs of cancer caregivers, limited evidence exists about strategies to offer partner-centered care across the cancer continuum. This study describes challenges endured by partners of breast cancer survivors (BCS), strategies implemented to manage these experiences, and recommendations for healthcare providers to inform targeted psychosocial care.

Do People With Schizophrenia Enjoy Social Activities as Much as Everyone Else? A Meta-analysis of Consummatory Social Pleasure.

Background: The "emotion paradox" of schizophrenia suggests people with schizophrenia demonstrate deficits when reporting anticipated and retrospective pleasure; yet, in-the-moment, consummatory pleasure is largely intact. It is uncertain how these findings extend to social situations. This meta-analysis aimed to (1) determine the mean difference in consummatory social pleasure between people with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and (2) examine moderators of this effect, including study design and clinical characteristics of participants.

Pain in People Experiencing Homelessness: A Scoping Review.

Background: Prior work suggests that people experiencing homelessness (PEH) are at heightened risk for developing pain and have a uniquely burdensome pain experience.

Purpose: The aim of this scoping review was to map the current peer-reviewed, published literature on the pain experience of PEH.

Methods: In accordance with the US Annual Homeless Assessment Report, we defined homelessness as lacking shelter or a fixed address within the last year.

Communication and Activation in Pain to Enhance Relationships and Treat Pain with Equity (COOPERATE): Rationale, study design, methods, and sample characteristics.

Background: Chronic pain is associated with profound negative effects, and racial disparities are well-documented in chronic pain treatment. In addition, Black patients report poorer communication with providers and exhibit lower levels of patient activation (self-management self-efficacy) than White patients. Although the causes of healthcare disparities are complex and require intervention at multiple levels, empowering patients is one critical path to achieving health equity.

Coping with COVID-19: a snapshot of college student mental health, coping, and expectancies during stay-at-home orders.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted people's lives around the world, including college students. This cross-sectional study aimed to 1) describe psychological distress, coping, and expectancies of undergraduates during COVID-19 "stay-at-home" orders and 2) examine the associations among these variables.

Participants And Methods: Midwestern US undergraduates ( = 186) completed measures of psychological distress, coping behaviors, and expectancies in March-April 2020 during the initial round of "stay-at-home" orders.

Comparing dysmenorrhea beliefs and self-management techniques across symptom-based phenotypes.

Objectives: To compare beliefs about dysmenorrhea and self-management techniques across three dysmenorrhea symptom-based phenotypes.

Background: Many reproductive-age women experience dysmenorrhea, with varying symptoms and intensity. Dysmenorrhea symptom-based phenotypes have been identified in previous research, defining distinctive phenotypes of mild localised pain, severe localised pain, and multiple severe symptoms.

Pain Catastrophizing Mediates and Moderates the Link Between Acute Pain and Working Memory.

The bidirectional relationship between pain and working memory (WM) deficits is well-documented but poorly understood. Pain catastrophizing-exaggerated, negative cognitive and emotional responses toward pain-may contribute to WM deficits by occupying finite, shared cognitive resources. The present study assessed the role of pain catastrophizing as both a state-level process and trait-level disposition in the link between acute pain and WM.

Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on fatigue in cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to determine the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in improving fatigue-related outcomes in adult cancer survivors. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases and reference lists of included studies. Separate random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for fatigue and vitality/vigor.

Hope, Optimism, and Clinical Pain: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Generalized expectancies have been theorized to play key roles in pain-related outcomes, but the empirical findings have been mixed.

Purpose: The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the relationships between two of the most researched positive generalized expectancies (i.e.

Attitudinal and social predictors of adherence to oral endocrine therapy: A psychometrically-informed model.

There is a need for a psychometrically-informed model identifying attitudinal and social factors explaining adherence to oral endocrine therapy (OET) for women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer. This study tested a model with variables selected by stringent psychometric criteria, including attitudes about benefit and burden, patient-practitioner alliance and confusion, and positive and negative interpersonal interactions. Self-report scales were completed by 150 current or past OET users.

Recovery expectancies impact postdischarge recovery 42 days after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine if recovery expectancies were associated with actual postdischarge recovery after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.

Methods: Study subjects (N = 167) undergoing laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy were asked to preoperatively predict the likelihood of a prolonged postdischarge recovery (> 42 days). Low, medium, and high recovery expectancy groups were created from responses to the likelihood of prolonged postdischarge recovery question.

The relationship between meaning in life and post-traumatic stress symptoms in US military personnel: A meta-analysis.

Background: Subjective meaning in life has been theorized to play a critical role in the adjustment to traumatic events. However, its association with post-traumatic stress symptoms has not been quantitatively reviewed.

Methods: Informed by Park's integrated meaning-making model and evidenced-based psychological treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder, the goals of this meta-analysis were to: (1) to determine the direction and magnitude of the association between meaning in life and post-traumatic stress symptoms; and (2) to examine potential moderators of this association (i.

Operationalizing Postdischarge Recovery From Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy for the Preoperative Consultative Visit.

Objective: The objective was to establish a threshold for postdischarge surgical recovery from laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for the preoperative consultative visit to answer the "what is my recovery time?" question.

Methods: Study participants (N = 171) with stage 2 or worse pelvic organ prolapse undergoing laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy who completed postoperative surveys at 4 time points. Postdischarge Surgical Recovery 13 (PSR13) scores were anchored to a Global Surgical Recovery (GSR) tool (if 100% recovery is back to your usual health, what percentage of recovery are you now?).

The Unique and Interactive Effects of Patient Race, Patient Socioeconomic Status, and Provider Attitudes on Chronic Pain Care Decisions.

Background: Compared to White and high socioeconomic status (SES) patients, Black and low SES patients receive less adequate pain care. Providers may contribute to these disparities by making biased decisions that are driven, in part, by their attitudes about race and SES.

Purpose: We examined the effects of patient race and SES on providers' chronic pain decisions and the extent to which providers' implicit and explicit attitudes about race and SES were related to these decisions.