A systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical approaches in pelvic fracture-associated urethral injury in children: Primary endoscopic realignment versus delayed urethroplasty.

Background: The management of pediatric patients afflicted with pelvic fracture urethral injury (PFUI) remains a topic of ongoing debate and controversy within the realm of urology. There is persistent discourse concerning the optimal timing for intervention, specifically between immediate primary realignment (PR) and delayed urethroplasty via suprapubic cystostomy (SCDU). This study was undertaken with the objective of conducting a systematic review of the existing body of evidence, with a focus on comparing the outcomes associated with PR and SCDU as interventions for PFUI among pediatric population.

Role of Noncontrast Computed Tomography Parameters in Predicting the Outcome of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Upper Urinary Stones Cases: A Meta-analysis.

Rationale: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is widely considered the primary approach for managing urinary tract stones. This study aimed to assess the predictive factors associated with non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT)-based parameters of upper urinary stones in relation to the outcomes of ESWL.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to identify all relevant studies published up to June 3, 2023.

L-Carnitine intake and high trimethylamine N-oxide plasma levels correlate with low aortic lesions in ApoE(-/-) transgenic mice expressing CETP.

Objective: Dietary l-carnitine can be metabolized by intestinal microbiota to trimethylamine, which is absorbed by the gut and further oxidized to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the liver. TMAO plasma levels have been associated with atherosclerosis development in ApoE(-/-) mice. To better understand the mechanisms behind this association, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies looking at the effect of TMAO on different steps of atherosclerotic disease progression.

Handheld real-time volumetric imaging of the spine: technology development.

Technical difficulties, poor image quality and reliance on pattern identifications represent some of the drawbacks of two-dimensional ultrasound imaging of spinal bone anatomy. To overcome these limitations, this study sought to develop real-time volumetric imaging of the spine using a portable handheld device. The device measured 19.

Improved elevational and azimuthal motion tracking using sector scans.

Ultrasound data motion tracking is widely used to estimate relative tissue/transducer motion, for example in freehand 3-D imaging, in which successive 2-D ultrasound scan planes are registered in a 3-D volume. Speckle-tracking and decorrelation-based methods are used to estimate motion in the azimuthal and elevational planes. However, the performance of speckle-tracking is significantly degraded in sectorscan systems because of point-spread function rotation with lateral motion.

Role of supplementary L-carnitine in exercise and exercise recovery.

L-Carnitine is a conditionally essential nutrient and plays an important role in mitochondrial β-oxidation. As a dietary supplement for athletes, L-carnitine has been investigated for its potential to enhance β-oxidation during exercise ultimately to improve performance. While some studies have shown a positive impact on VO(2 max) and other performance measures, other studies have found contradictory results.

Application of X-Y separable 2-D array beamforming for increased frame rate and energy efficiency in handheld devices.

Two-dimensional arrays present significant beamforming computational challenges because of their high channel count and data rate. These challenges are even more stringent when incorporating a 2-D transducer array into a battery-powered hand-held device, placing significant demands on power efficiency. Previous work in sonar and ultrasound indicates that 2-D array beamforming can be decomposed into two separable line-array beamforming operations.

The effects of transducer geometry on artifacts common to diagnostic bone imaging with conventional medical ultrasound.

The portability, low cost, and non-ionizing radiation associated with medical ultrasound suggest that it has potential as a superior alternative to X-ray for bone imaging. However, when conventional ultrasound imaging systems are used for bone imaging, clinical acceptance is frequently limited by artifacts derived from reflections occurring away from the main axis of the acoustic beam. In this paper, the physical source of off-axis artifacts and the effect of transducer geometry on these artifacts are investigated in simulation and experimental studies.

Patient-controlled analgesia combined with either ondansetron or ondansetron plus prochlorperazine for control of pain and nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Study Objective: To compare ondansetron with ondansetron plus prochlorperazine, added to a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) solution for control of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.

Setting: University hospital.

MUlti-Dimensional Spline-Based Estimator (MUSE) for motion estimation: algorithm development and initial results.

Image registration and motion estimation play central roles in many fields, including RADAR, SONAR, light microscopy, and medical imaging. Because of its central significance, estimator accuracy, precision, and computational cost are of critical importance. We have previously presented a highly accurate, spline-based time delay estimator that directly determines sub-sample time delay estimates from sampled data.

Perioperative and long-term operative outcomes after surgery for trigeminal neuralgia: microvascular decompression vs percutaneous balloon ablation.

Objectives: Numerous medical and surgical therapies have been utilized to treat the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). This retrospective study compares patients undergoing either microvascular decompression or balloon ablation of the trigeminal ganglion and determines which produces the best long-term outcomes.

Methods: A 10-year retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent microvascular decompression (MVD) or percutaneous balloon ablation (BA) surgery for TN.

Dietary l-carnitine supplementation improves bone mineral density by suppressing bone turnover in aged ovariectomized rats.

Postmenopausal bone loss is a major public health concern. Although drug therapies are available, women are interested in alternative/adjunct therapies to slow down the bone loss associated with ovarian hormone deficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation of l-carnitine can influence bone density and slow the rate of bone turnover in an aging ovariectomized rat model.

L-carnitine increases liver alpha-tocopherol and lowers liver and plasma triglycerides in aging ovariectomized rats.

The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary L-carnitine can influence the status of alpha-tocopherol, retinol and selected lipid parameters in aging ovariectomized rats, an animal model for the menopausal state. Fourteen Fisher-344 female rats 18 months old were acclimated for 4 weeks and ovarectomized. Seven rats per treatment were assigned to either a control group fed ad libitum AIN-93M diet or a carnitine group fed the same diet supplemented with L-carnitine.

Standard anesthetic technique for middle ear surgical procedures: a comparison of desflurane and sevoflurane.

Objective: This study was designed to compare desflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia for middle ear microsurgery.

Study Design: One hundred healthy adults undergoing middle ear surgery were assigned to receive either desflurane or sevoflurane as their anesthetic. Intraoperative hemodynamics and BIS numbers were recorded.

Dietary L-carnitine enhances the lymphatic absorption of fat and alpha-tocopherol in ovariectomized rats.

This study was conducted to determine whether the feeding of dietary L-carnitine (CN) improves the intestinal absorption of fat and alpha-tocopherol (alphaTOH) in ovariectomized (OX) rats. OX adult rats were weight-matched and assigned to 2 groups fed a modified AIN-93G diet containing alphaTOH-stripped soybean oil without (-CN) or with (+CN) supplemental CN at 150 mg/kg diet. At 5 wk, each rat with a lymph cannula was infused intraduodenally at 3.

Aging and developmental transitions in the B cell lineage.

One explanation for the deterioration of the humoral immune response in elderly individuals is that B lymphopoiesis declines with increasing age. Recent studies report a dramatic decline in pre-B cell numbers in old mice. Surprisingly, the number of mature B cells does not decline with age.