Risk Factors Associated with HIV Acquisition in Males Participating in HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trials in South Africa.

In South Africa, HIV acquisition risk has been studied less in people assigned male at birth. We studied the associations between risk behaviors, clinical features and HIV incidence amongst males in two South African HIV preventive vaccine efficacy trials. We used Cox proportional hazards models to test for associations between demographics, sexual behaviors, clinical variables and HIV acquisition among males followed in the HVTN 503 (n = 219) and HVTN 702 (n = 1611) trials.

Editor's Highlight: Collaborative Cross Mouse Population Enables Refinements to Characterization of the Variability in Toxicokinetics of Trichloroethylene and Provides Genetic Evidence for the Role of PPAR Pathway in Its Oxidative Metabolism.

Background: Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a known carcinogen in humans and rodents. Previous studies of inter-strain variability in TCE metabolism were conducted in multi-strain panels of classical inbred mice with limited genetic diversity to identify gene-environment interactions associated with chemical exposure.

Objectives: To evaluate inter-strain variability in TCE metabolism and identify genetic determinants that are associated with TCE metabolism and effects using Collaborative Cross (CC), a large panel of genetically diverse strains of mice.

Chiral biarylamido/anisole complexes of yttrium in enantioselective aminoalkene hydaroamination/cyclisation.

A group of chiral, dibasic, biaryl-bridged amido proligands containing peripheral methoxyphenyl (anisole) ligation are developed for the synthesis of new amide complexes of yttrium and lanthanum. A potentially tetradentate bis(amidoanisole) system gives, on reaction with [Y[N(SiMe(2)H)(2)](3)(THF)] a crystallographically-characterised bis complex [Y(H)] presumably as a result of low steric demand, since a more bulky version gives the target [Y[N(SiMe(2)H)(2)](THF)]. The molecular structure of the latter reveals a similar cis-alpha structure to our recently reported Schiff-base analogue.

Enantioselective aziridination using copper complexes of biaryl Schiff bases.

Racemic 2,2'-diamino-6,6'-dimethylbiphenyl is resolved using simulated moving bed chromatography, and the absolute configuration of the enantiomers is confirmed via the X-ray crystal structure of a derivative. The diamine is condensed with a range of aldehydes to give bidentate aldimine proligands L. Molecular structures of the complexes formed between L and Cu(I) fall into two classes; bimetallic double helices ([Cu(2)L(2)](2+)) and monometallic ([CuL](+)).