Association between impulsivity and cognitive capacity decrease is mediated by smartphone addiction, academic procrastination, bedtime procrastination, sleep insufficiency and daytime fatigue among medical students: a path analysis.

Background: Medical students are at high risk for sleep disturbance. One possible cause of their sleeping problem is impulsivity. We aim to investigate the possible mediators between medical students' impulsivity and sleep outcomes.

Place Still Matters: Social Vulnerabilities, Place-Level Disadvantage, and Food Insecurity during COVID-19.

COVID-19 variants continue to create public health danger impacting mortality and morbidity across the United States. The spillover effects of COVID-19 on the economy and social institutions pose a significant threat to broader wellbeing, including the food security of millions across the country. We aim to explore whether the context of place matters above and beyond individual and social vulnerabilities for food insecurity.

Social Differences in Health Behaviours among Jordanian Adolescents.

Social differences are evident in both developed and developing countries. During adolescence, there are limited differences in morbidity and mortality, but differences do appear in terms of health behaviours. This study aims to examine the relationship(s) between social differences and students' health behaviours.

Relationships Among Depression, Online Self-Disclosure, Social Media Addiction, and Other Psychological Variables Among Hungarian University Students.

In the digital age, besides the well-known contributors to depression, more research is needed on certain activities of social media, such as online self-disclosure. Using an online survey, we examine the associations of depression with social media addiction, online self-disclosure, loneliness, and life satisfaction among a sample of Hungarian university students ( N = 301, aged between 18 and 30 years). There were no sex differences in depression scores.

Risk of disordered eating in emerging adulthood: media, body and weight-related correlates among Hungarian female university students.

Background: University years often are accompanied by dramatic lifestyle changes resulting in an elevated risk of disordered eating among females. We examined the associations of disordered eating with body image, weight and media-related variables.

Methods: Hungarian female university students (n = 261, mean age = 22.

Social and behavioral vulnerability, pregnancy, and negative mental health outcomes in the U.S. during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The novel coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of the general U.S. population.

A sex-stratified multiple regression on Jordanian adolescents' life satisfaction using different elements of school climate.

Background: School climate is one of several important factors influencing adolescent well-being and life satisfaction. Although a growing number of studies investigate the role of school climate, they often apply a global scale and only a few of them measure any specific elements. Likewise, most studies are focused on well-being and not life satisfaction.

Post-traumatic stress symptomatology and displacement among Hurricane Harvey survivors.

Exposure to natural disasters predisposes individuals to significant physical and mental health consequences. Research identifies a number of stressors important to determining what might exacerbate this exposure risk, as well as what types of social/psychological resources might help mitigate these negative outcomes. Using a targeted quota sample of adults (n = 316) interviewed two months after Hurricane Harvey made landfall on the Gulf Coast of Texas in August 2017, the present study examines the intersection of vulnerabilities, stressors, and resources and their relationship with post-traumatic stress symptomatology.

Race and ethnicity, gender, and age on perceived threats and fear of COVID-19: Evidence from two national data sources.

Previous studies find preventative behaviors designed to reduce the number of infections during emerging disease outbreaks are associated with perceived risk of disease susceptibility. Few studies have attempted to identify underlying factors that explain differences in perceptions of risk during an infectious disease outbreak. Drawing from two early waves of American Trends Panel (7,441), as well as a National Science Foundation funded, Qualtrics national panel survey from the early stages of the pandemic (10,368), we test whether race and ethnicity, gender, and age were associated with six perceived threat and fear outcomes related to COVID-19.

Food Insecurity in the Post-Hurricane Harvey Setting: Risks and Resources in the Midst of Uncertainty.

Food insecurity is of heightened concern during and after natural disasters; higher prevalence is typically reported in post-disaster settings. The current study examines food insecurity prevalence and specific risk/resource variables that may act as barriers or advantages in accessing food in such a setting. Using a modified quota sample ( = 316), Hurricane Harvey survivors participated in face-to-face interviews and/or online surveys that assessed health, social and household factors, and sociodemographic characteristics.

Homeless and hungry: food insecurity in the land of plenty.

Homelessness continues to challenge service providers in the United States where 600,000+ individuals are without their own place to stay on any given night. With significant barriers preventing access to food, homeless persons remain at risk for experiencing long-term food insecurity. As such, the primary intent of this paper was to examine specific hypotheses that explored the impact of both risks/stressors and resources on the reported food insecurity among homeless adults.

Facing new fears during the COVID-19 pandemic: The State of America's mental health.

Objective: COVID-19 is rearranging our society with fear and worry about the novel coronavirus impacting the mental health of Americans. The current study examines the intersection of COVID-19 fear, worries and perceived threat with social vulnerabilities and mental health consequences, namely anxiety and depressive symptomatology.

Methods: Using an online platform, a national sample (n = 10, 368) of U.

Living in the midst of fear: Depressive symptomatology among US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The current study examines interrelationships between social vulnerability, individual stressors, social and psychological resources, and depressive symptomatology among US adults during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: Using an online survey platform, a poststratified (by age, gender, race, income, and geography), representative sample (n = 10,368 adults) is used in the analysis.

Results: On average, sample respondents report Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale symptomatology nearly a point higher than the often used cutoff score for clinical caseness (16+); one-third of respondents had CES-D scores higher than 25.

Fear of COVID-19 and the mental health consequences in America.

The intent of this work was to examine the intersection of COVID-19 fear with social vulnerabilities and mental health consequences among adults living in the United States. Data are from a nationally representative sample ( = 10,368) of U.S.

Chronic Disease, the Built Environment, and Unequal Health Risks in the 500 Largest U.S. Cities.

Health is increasingly subject to the complex interplay between the built environment, population composition, and the structured inequity in access to health-related resources across communities. The primary objective of this paper was to examine cardiometabolic disease (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke) markers and their prevalence across relatively small geographic units in the 500 largest cities in the United States. Using data from the American Community Survey and the 500 Cities Project, the current study examined cardiometabolic diseases across 27,000+ census tracts in the 500 largest cities in the United States.

Adolescent food insecurity: the special case of Marshallese youth in north-west Arkansas, USA.

Objective: Food insecurity is not randomly dispersed throughout the population; rather, there are a number of risk and protective factors shaping both the prevalence and severity of food insecurity across households and sociodemographic populations. The present study examines some of these factors and the role that race and ethnicity among adolescent individuals in north-west Arkansas might play, paying specific attention to a subgroup of Pacific Islanders: the Marshallese.

Design: The study uses cross-sectional survey data collected from a self-administered questionnaire of 10th-12th grade students.

Adolescents' attitudes towards healthy eating: The role of self-control, motives and self-risk perception.

Background: Adolescence is a critical stage in life course development. It is a particularly relevant stage regarding our understanding of eating behaviors since adolescent's evolving, more autonomous food preferences tend to be influenced by peers and media as much if not more than the family. Therefore, exploring adolescent's eating preferences could be an important focus to developing prevention programs.

Examining food insecurity among high school students: A risks and resources model.

Food insecurity is associated with several negative health outcomes, many of which can be detrimental to youth during the vulnerable life stage of adolescence. Among a sample of 1493 high school students, the current study utilizes a risks and resources model to examine ways that risks and resources come together to shape the lives and health of youth, making them more vulnerable or shielding them from food insecurity and its related negative health outcomes. A number of factors are proposed as important correlates of food insecurity measured at four perceived levels of aggregation: individual, family, school/peer, and community.

Obesity and place: Chronic disease in the 500 largest U.S. cities.

Objectives: Extant research clearly points to a correlation between place and health, specifically as it pertains to chronic diseases like obesity. The present study examines this relationship among a diverse set of compositional place indicators and obesity rates across census tracts in the 500 largest cities in the United States.

Methods: Using data compiled from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation 500 Cities project and the Census' American Community Survey, the analyses examined aggregate relationships between sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and housing characteristics of census tracts and crude prevalence obesity rates in over 27,000 census tracts located in the 500 largest cities in the United States.

Risks, resources, and depressive symptomatology among Marshallese adolescents.

This study examined risks and resources to assess depressive symptom variation among a sample of Marshallese adolescents attending a Northwest Arkansas high school. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 10th-12th-grade students (N = 1,493). With a general response rate in excess of 78%, the subsample (n = 208) represented 75% of all Marshallese students attending the high school and approximately 9% of the total K-12 Marshallese population.

Youth Problem Drinking: The Role of Parental and Familial Relationships.

Background: Alcohol use continues to be an important global public health problem and adolescence seems to be a decisive period of time in the development of drinking patterns into adulthood. While most studies concentrate on frequency and amount of alcohol, fewer studies address "problem drinking." Gathering information on youth's alcohol-related behavioral consequences is especially important.

Psychosocial factors as mediators of food insecurity and weight status among middle school students.

Research regarding the association between food insecurity and weight status among youth has produced mixed results. However, few studies on this topic have utilized data that includes survey responses from children themselves regarding their experience with food insecurity. This study was undertaken to examine the association between food insecurity and weight status among youth, as well as the potential mediation by psychosocial factors.

How Positive Is Their Future? Assessing the Role of Optimism and Social Support in Understanding Mental Health Symptomatology among Homeless Adults.

Optimism has been noted as a primary protective factor in understanding mental health symptomatology in clinical and non-clinical settings. Any exploration of optimism has been absent in understanding mental health outcomes among homeless people. This study, using intensive interviews with 168 homeless adults in Northwest Arkansas, examines the role that social support and optimism play in lessening the negative impact of homeless circumstances/experiences on mental health symptomatology.