Factors associated with radiation necrosis and intracranial control in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and stereotactic radiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Emerging data suggest immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or radiotherapy (SRT) may work synergistically, potentially increasing both efficacy and toxicity. This manuscript characterizes factors associated with intracranial control and radiation necrosis in this group.

Materials And Methods: All patients had non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, or melanoma and were treated from 2013 to 2021 at two institutions with ICI and SRS/SRT.

Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by Oseltamivir Derivatives.

Characterized by the high morbidity and mortality and seasonal surge, the influenza virus (IV) remains a major public health challenge. Oseltamivir is commonly used as a first-line antiviral. As a neuraminidase inhibitor, it attenuates the penetration of viruses through the mucus on the respiratory tract and inhibits the release of virus progeny from infected cells.

Diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy CT for detecting bone marrow edema in patients with acute knee injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy CT (DECT) for detecting bone marrow edema (BME) in adult patients with acute knee injuries.

Methods: A systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and gray literature was performed from inception to January 31, 2020, using PRISMA-DTA guidelines. The review included studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of DECT for detecting BME in at least 10 adult patients with acute knee injuries and with an MRI reference standard.

Abdominal imaging findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a scoping review.

Purpose: This scoping review evaluated the currently available data related to abdominal imaging in the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Method: A systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science was performed from inception to July 15, 2020 using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The review included case reports and series discussing radiologic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in abdominal imaging studies.

Diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy CT for the detection of bone marrow edema in the appendicular skeleton: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy CT (DECT) for detecting bone marrow edema (BME) in the appendicular skeleton.

Methods: A systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and gray literature from inception through January 31, 2020, was performed. Original articles with > 10 patients evaluating the accuracy of DECT for detecting BME in the appendicular skeleton with a reference standard of MRI and/or clinical follow-up were included.

Immunologic heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte composition in primary melanoma.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in primary melanomas are thought to represent the host antitumor immune response, but controversy exists over whether TILs offer independent prognostication of survival. We studied a cohort of 1241 patients with primary melanoma to assess the association of absent, nonbrisk, and brisk TIL grade with survival outcomes. We tested whether quantitative TIL counts using immunohistochemical lymphocyte markers CD3, CD45, and FOXP3 add prognostic value to TIL grading compared with histology alone in 15% of the cohort.

Identification of a Novel Pathogenic Germline KDR Variant in Melanoma.

Purpose: The application of pan-cancer next-generation sequencing panels in the clinical setting has facilitated the identification of low frequency somatic mutations and the testing of new therapies in solid tumors using the "basket trial" scheme. However, little consideration has been given to the relevance of nonsynonymous germline variants, which are likely to be uncovered in tumors and germline and which may be relevant to prognostication and prediction of treatment response.

Experimental Design: We analyzed matched tumor and normal DNA from 34 melanoma patients using an Ion Torrent cancer-associated gene panel.

FBXW7 modulates cellular stress response and metastatic potential through ​HSF1 post-translational modification.

​Heat-shock factor 1 (​HSF1) orchestrates the heat-shock response in eukaryotes. Although this pathway has evolved to help cells adapt in the presence of challenging conditions, it is co-opted in cancer to support malignancy. However, the mechanisms that regulate ​HSF1 and thus cellular stress response are poorly understood.

Epidermal growth factor stimulates proton efflux from chondrocytic cells.

Proton efflux from chondrocytes alters the extracellular pH and ionic composition of cartilage, and influences the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) promotes chondrocyte proliferation during skeletal development and accumulates in the synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of EGF on proton efflux from chondrocytes.