Non-infectious cholecystopathy secondary to high-dose IL-2 cancer immunotherapy.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) associated cholecystopathy is a rare manifestation of IL-2 drug toxicity in the setting of cancer immunotherapy. While the imaging data and clinical presentation can easily mimic acute cholecystitis, the correct diagnosis can be made with the particular clinical history, thus avoiding inappropriate surgical management. As more cancer immunotherapies become standard oncologic treatments, specific immunotherapy-associated side effects are also expected to be encountered more frequently in the future and should be recognized as such.

A review of unilateral hearing loss and academic performance: is it time to reassess traditional dogmata?

Objective: The aim of this paper was to review traditional approaches to habilitation of unilateral hearing losses as well as new research concerning management of unilateral hearing loss.

Data Sources: Literature review/systematic review.

Review Methods: A PubMed search was performed for articles pertaining to unilateral hearing loss and academic loss and academic performance.

Loeys-Dietz syndrome presenting as respiratory distress due to pulmonary artery dilation.

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue condition with clinical features that may include ocular hypertelorism, cleft palate, craniosynostosis, and vascular dilation and tortuosity. Here we describe a patient with LDS confirmed by genetic analysis (R528H mutation of TGFBR2) who presented at 3 months of age in respiratory distress of unknown origin. In addition to expressing several of the classic findings of LDS, including a novel finding of squamosal suture craniosynostosis, CT angiography revealed aortic dilation at the sinus of valsalva, pulmonary artery dilation that extrinsically compressed the right mainstem bronchus causing bronchomalacia, and an apical herniation of the right lung.