Molecular subgroup of medulloblastoma: evaluation of contribution to CSF diversion following tumour resection.

Introduction: Medulloblastoma is the commonest malignant brain tumour in children. Pre-operative hydrocephalus is present in up to 90% of these patients at presentation. Following posterior fossa surgery, despite resolution of fourth ventricular obstruction, a proportion of these children will still require cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion for management of persistent or new hydrocephalus.

Surgical revascularization for moyamoya angiopathy: Clinical and radiological outcomes of direct and indirect bypasses in 86 affected hemispheres.

Moyamoya is a progressive cerebral angiopathy that entails a formidable natural history of repeated ischemic or haemorrhagic insults if not intervened. The potential advantages of direct/combined bypass can be harvested only if they are not outweighed by perioperative morbidity. Direct bypasses for the paediatric group have been less utilized because of small vessel calibres and an inherently more robust angioplasticity.

Treatment barriers and clinical outcome of children with medulloblastoma in China: a report from the Chinese Children's Cancer Group (CCCG).

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor of childhood. Management requires interdisciplinary care and is associated with unique challenges in developing regions. Here, we report the characteristics, clinical outcome and treatment barriers for Chinese children with MB based on a multi-institutional cohort from the Chinese Children's Cancer Group (CCCG).

Brain Microstructural Changes Associated With Neurocognitive Outcome in Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor Survivors.

Background: Childhood intracranial germ cell tumor (GCT) survivors are prone to radiotherapy-related neurotoxicity, which can lead to neurocognitive dysfunctions. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is a diffusion MRI technique that is sensitive to brain microstructural changes. This study aimed to investigate the association between DKI metrics versus cognitive and functional outcomes of childhood intracranial GCT survivors.

Vertebral-carotid bypass for common carotid artery occlusion.

One of the treatment options for long segment common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion is bypass surgery with different combinations of donors and receipts. Using vertebral artery (VA) as the donor for CCA occlusion was uncommonly reported. The reported cases were using jump graft to connect V3 segment of VA to either CCA or ICA.

Outcome of Chinese children with craniopharyngioma: a 20-year population-based study by the Hong Kong Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Study Group.

Purpose: Craniopharyngioma is a rare low-grade neoplasm in children. Tumor progression occurs frequently, and survivors are at risk of long-term disease and treatment-related morbidities. We reviewed the population-based experience of managing pediatric craniopharyngioma in Hong Kong.

Improving Survival with Tranexamic Acid in Cerebral Contusions or Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Independent Factors Associated with Lower Mortality.

Background: Fall with head injury is a pervasive challenge, especially in the aging population. Contributing factors for mortality include the development of cerebral contusions and delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma. Currently, there is no established specific treatment for these conditions.