Measuring arterial tortuosity in the cerebrovascular system using Time-of-Flight MRI.

The Circle of Willis (CW) is a critical cerebrovascular structure that supports collateral blood flow to maintain brain perfusion and compensate for eventual occlusions. Increased tortuosity of highrisk vessels within the CW has been implicated as a marker in the progression of cerebrovascular diseases especially in structures like the internal carotid artery (ICA). This is partly due to age-related plaque deposition or arterial stiffening.

Surgical management for mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review of long-term outcomes.

Background: Mechanical complications following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), though rare, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical management remains a mainstay of therapy for these complications. The purpose of this review is to evaluate long-term outcomes data of surgical management for postinfarction free wall rupture, ventricular septal defect, papillary muscle rupture, and pseudoaneurysm.