Changes in DTI Diffusivity and fMRI Connectivity Cluster Coefficients for Students with and without Specific Learning Disabilities In Written Language: Brain's Response to Writing Instruction.

Before and after computerized writing instruction, participants completed assessment with normed measures and DTI and fMRI connectivity scanning. Evidence-based differential diagnosis was used at time 1 to assign them to diagnostic groups: typical oral and written language (n=6), dysgraphia (impaired handwriting, n=10), dyslexia (impaired word spelling and reading, n=20), and OWL LD (impaired syntax construction, n=6). The instruction was aimed at subword letter writing, word spelling, and syntax composing.

A robust automated measure of average antibody staining in immunohistochemistry images.

Identifying and scoring cancer markers plays a key role in oncology, helping to characterize the tumor and predict the clinical course of the disease. The current method for scoring immunohistochemistry (IHC) slides is labor intensive and has inherent issues of quantitation. Although multiple attempts have been made to automate IHC scoring in the past decade, a major limitation in these efforts has been the setting of the threshold for positive staining.

Site-specific labeling of annexin V with F-18 for apoptosis imaging.

Annexin V is useful in detecting apoptotic cells by binding to phosphatidylserine (PS) that is exposed on the outer surface of the cell membrane during apoptosis. In this study, we examined the labeling of annexin V-128, a mutated form of annexin V that has a single cysteine residue at the NH 2 terminus, with the thiol-selective reagent (18)F-labeling agent N-[4-[(4-[(18)F]fluorobenzylidene)aminooxy]butyl]maleimide ([(18)F]FBABM). We also examined the cell binding affinity of the (18)F-labeled annexin V-128 ([(18)F]FAN-128).

Regional hypoxia in glioblastoma multiforme quantified with [18F]fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography before radiotherapy: correlation with time to progression and survival.

Purpose: Hypoxia is associated with resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and activates transcription factors that support cell survival and migration. We measured the volume of hypoxic tumor and the maximum level of hypoxia in glioblastoma multiforme before radiotherapy with [(18)F]fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography to assess their impact on time to progression (TTP) or survival.

Experimental Design: Twenty-two patients were studied before biopsy or between resection and starting radiotherapy.

Evaluation of 18F-annexin V as a PET imaging agent in an animal model of apoptosis.

Unlabelled: Annexin V is a 36-kDa protein that binds with high affinity to phosphatidylserine lipids in the cell membrane. Because one of the earliest measurable events in apoptosis is the eversion of phosphatidylserine from the inner membrane leaflet to the outer cell surface, annexin V has proven useful for detecting the earliest stages of apoptosis.

Methods: Annexin V was radiolabeled with 18F using N-succinimidyl-4-18F-fluorobenzoic acid chemistry, to a specific activity of 555-925 kBq/mug of protein.

Production of [F-18]fluoroannexin for imaging apoptosis with PET.

Recombinant human-annexin-V was conjugated with 4-[F-18]fluorobenzoic acid (FBA) via its reaction with the N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester (FBA-OSu) at pH 8.5. A series of reactions using varying amounts of annexin-V, unlabeled FBA-OSu, and time produced products with different conjugation levels.