Risk/benefit perceptions underlying lower African American Students' illicit stimulant use.

Researchers have documented lower illicit use of prescription stimulants (IUPS) in African American (AA) populations but have not provided empirically-based explanations for this finding. Four gender-balanced groups of AA and Caucasian male/female college students (n = 120/group, mean age of 19.23, SD = 1.

Illicit Use of Prescription Stimulants: Gender Differences in Perceptions of Risk.

: Little research exists on gender differences regarding the relationship between illicit use of prescription stimulants (IUPS) and perceptions of risk of illicit use. Risk perception is a common target for both prevention and intervention programs. : To measure gender differences in prevalence rates of illicit use and perceptions of legal, health, and social risks of illicit use.

Executive Functioning and Impairment in Emerging Adult College Students With ADHD Symptoms.

To better understand current issues with adult ADHD assessment contributing to adult ADHD being under recognized and undertreated. This study examined the relationship between symptoms, impairment, and executive functioning (EF) in a college sample. Among individuals screening negative for ADHD, those higher in EF experienced significantly less impairment than those lower in EF.

Perceptions of Risks and Benefits Among Nonprescription Stimulant Consumers, Diverters, and Non-Users.

Background: Few studies have examined perceptions of legal and health risks along with the perceived benefits of nonprescription stimulant (NPS) use in college students (e.g., using stimulants such as Ritalin, Vvyanse, Concerta, or Adderall without a prescription).

Structural empowerment, Magnet hospital characteristics, and patient safety culture: making the link.

Nurse managers are seeking ways to improve patient safety in their organizations. At the same time, they struggle to address nurse recruitment and retention concerns by focusing on the quality of nurses' work environment. This exploratory study tested a theoretical model, linking the quality of the nursing practice environments to a culture of patient safety.

The validity of the ADHD section of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children.

The purpose of this study was to assess the concurrent criterion validity of the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) portion of the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV (NIMHDISC-IV). Fifty-seven adolescent participants were divided into three groups on the basis of whether participants met criteria for ADHD on caretaker and adolescent responses on the DISC: (a) 18 participants for whom both the caretakers and adolescents endorsed ADHD, (b) 17 participants for whom the caretakers but not the youth endorsed ADHD, and (c) a clinical control group with no ADHD diagnosis (n = 22). These three groups were compared across parent, teacher, and adolescent checklists; clinician diagnosis; and three objective measures of behavior (continuous performance task, actigraphy monitoring, and a structured observation).