A Systematic Review of Acute Irreducible Shoulder Dislocations in the 21st Century.

Background: Rarely, closed reduction cannot be achieved in patients with acute shoulder dislocation, necessitating open management. A paucity of literature exists regarding these cases.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review on the mechanism, management, and outcome data of acute irreducible shoulder dislocations.

Nonoperative treatment of chronic, massive irreparable rotator cuff tears: a systematic review with synthesis of a standardized rehabilitation protocol.

Purpose: A massive, irreparable rotator cuff tear may cause significant pain and dysfunction. However, the efficacy of nonoperative treatment modalities in this subset of patients is not currently well known. Also, there is currently no gold standard nonoperative protocol to guide treatment.

Postoperative chest radiograph after open reduction internal fixation of clavicle fractures: a necessary practice?

Hypothesis/background: Iatrogenic pneumothorax is a rare but serious complication of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of clavicular fractures. Many institutions use postoperative chest radiographs to evaluate for this complication despite a lack of data to support this routine practice. Due to concerns of radiation exposure and health care costs, this practice may not be necessary.