Clinical Evaluation of Response to Octreotide and Chemotherapy in High-Grade Malignant Neuroendocrine Tumors and Promising In Vitro Preclinical Results with Pasireotide.

: High-grade malignant neuroendocrine tumors (G3 NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are characterized by rapid proliferation, high metastatic capacity, and strong expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). We aimed to analyze the presence of SSTRs in NET G3 and NEC, and to correlate their expression with the use of octreotide and pasireotide. : For this purpose, we first performed a retrospective study of G3 NET and NEC patients, which included the determination of SSTR expression and response to octreotide treatment.

Value of the tumor inhibitor of cellular immunity PDL-1 in the incidence of venous thrombosis in patients with gastric cancer.

Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the cancers most associated with thromboembolic phenomena. The objective of this article is to study if there is a correlation between thromboembolic phenomena in gastric cancer and tumor expression of PDL-1.

Methods: To this end, the association between thromboembolic events and PDL-1 expression was retrospectively studied in a sample of 46 patients from our hospital.

Experimental Tumor Induction and Evaluation of Its Treatment in the Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A Systematic Review.

The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, generated during avian development, can be used in cancer research as an alternative in vivo model to perform tumorigenesis in ovo due to advantages such as simplicity, low cost, rapid growth, and being naturally immunodeficient. The aim of this systematic review has been to compile and analyze all studies that use the CAM assay as a tumor induction model. For that, a systematic search was carried out in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and WOS.

Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Chemopreventive and Antiangiogenic Potential of Chromatographic Fractions from with and without Its Symbiont in Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

may be a source of marine natural products (MNPs) due to the antioxidant and antitumor activity of its crude homogenates shown in vitro in colon cancer cells. A bioguided chromatographic fractionation assay of crude homogenates with and without its symbiont was performed to characterize their bioactive composition and further determine their biological potential for the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). The 20% fractions retained the in vitro antioxidant activity previously reported for homogenates.

Cancer Stem Cells in Sarcomas: In Vitro Isolation and Role as Prognostic Markers: A Systematic Review.

Sarcomas are a diverse group of neoplasms with an incidence rate of 15% of childhood cancers. They exhibit a high tendency to develop early metastases and are often resistant to available treatments, resulting in poor prognosis and survival. In this context, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been implicated in recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance, making the search for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of the disease crucial.

Antitumor Effect of Traditional Drugs for Neurological Disorders: Preliminary Studies in Neural Tumor Cell Lines.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite new treatments developed including immunomodulation using vaccines and cell therapies, mortality remains high due to the resistance mechanisms presented by these tumor cells and the function of the blood-brain barrier that prevents the entry of most drugs. In this context of searching for new glioblastoma therapies, the study of the existing drugs to treat neurological disorder is gaining great relevance.

Active Biomolecules from Vegetable Extracts with Antitumoral Activity against Pancreas Cancer: A Systematic Review (2011-2021).

The emergence of resistance to pancreatic cancer (PC) current treatment requires the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this context, bioactive molecules from plant extracts have shown excellent properties to improve classical therapy against this type of tumor. This systematic review aims to collect all the in vitro studies related to the antiproliferative activity of isolated plant molecules that support their applicability in PC.

Colon cancer therapy with calcium phosphate nanoparticles loading bioactive compounds from Euphorbia lathyris: In vitro and in vivo assay.

Amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (ACP NPs) exhibit excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. ACP NPs were functionalized with two coumarin compounds (esculetin and euphorbetin) extracted from Euphorbia lathyris seeds (BC-ACP NPs) showing high loading capacity (0.03% and 0.

Exploring Honeybee Abdominal Anatomy through Micro-CT and Novel Multi-Staining Approaches.

Continuous improvements in morphological and histochemical analyses of could improve our understanding of the anatomy and physiology of these insects at both the cellular and tissue level. In this work, two different approaches have been performed to add new data on the abdomen of worker bees: (i) Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), which allows the identification of small-scale structures (micrometers) with adequate/optimal resolution and avoids sample damage and, (ii) histochemical multi-staining with Periodic Acid-Schiff-Alcian blue, Lactophenol-Saphranin O and pentachrome staining to precisely characterize the histological structures of the midgut and hindgut. Micro-CT allowed high-resolution imaging of anatomical structures of the honeybee abdomen with particular emphasis on the proventriculus and pyloric valves, as well as the connection of the sting apparatus with the terminal abdominal ganglia.

The Antitumor Activity of Sodium Selenite Alone and in Combination with Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

Sodium selenite acts by depleting enzymes that protect against cellular oxidative stress. To determine its effect alone or in combination with gemcitabine (GMZ) in pancreatic cancer, we used PANC-1 and Pan02 cell lines and C57BL mice bearing a Pan02-generated tumor. Our results demonstrated a significant inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell viability with the use of sodium selenite alone and a synergistic effect when associated with GMZ.

Unusual long survival in a case of heterotaxy and polysplenia.

Heterotaxy syndrome with polysplenia is an extremely rare congenital disorder caused by a disruption in the embryonic development that results in an abnormal arrangement of the abdominal and thoracic organs. We present the case of a 59-year-old female patient with invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast (luminal A type) and CT findings of heterotaxy syndrome with polysplenia. The most remarkable anomalies identified were a left inferior vena cava draining into the hemiazygos vein, absent inferior vena cava at the thoracic level, and hepatic veins directly draining into the right atrium.

Nanomedicine in Pancreatic Cancer: A New Hope for Treatment.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has one of the worst prognosis and higher mortality among most cancers. The diagnosis of PDA is frequently delayed due to a lack of specific biomarkers, and the efficacy of current chemotherapeutic drugs is limited. Moreover, chemotherapy is generally applied in advanced stages, where metastatic spread has already occurred.

Pneumonia in a Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patient on Chemoradiotherapy: A Case Report.

pneumonia is a very uncommon complication in lung cancer patients. We report the case of a 59-year-old, Stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (epidermoid) patient who was receiving concurrent chemotherapy scheme (cisplatin + vinorelbine) and radiotherapy and developed fever and dyspnea not controlled with classical antibiotics. The patient developed respiratory distress.

The challenge of drug resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a current overview.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the highest mortality rates among all cancer types. Its delayed diagnosis precludes curative resection, thus most of the current therapies against PDAC are based on chemo- and radiotherapy. Unfortunately, these strategies are insufficient to improve its poor prognosis.

O6-methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase Promoter Methylation in Patients with Rectal Adenocarcinoma After Chemoradiotherapy Treatment: Clinical Implications.

Aims: To analyze the clinical relevance of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in rectal adenocarcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery.

Methods: Tissue samples from 29 rectal adenocarcinoma patients were obtained after chemoradiotherapy. O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation status was established by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction.

Latest in Vitro and in Vivo Assay, Clinical Trials and Patents in Cancer Treatment using Curcumin: A Literature Review.

Curcumin, the main active compound of the curcuma root, shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties which have been demonstrated in preclinical and clinical trials. Its antitumor activity is mediated by its ability to act directly on the tumor cell, activating apoptosis pathways and indirectly inhibiting the process of inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, it has a preventive activity such as radio and/or chemosensitizer.

The role of trophoblastic epigenetic reprogrammation in benign tumor cells on malignant progression: A molecular hypothesis.

Cancer tissues and placental ones share many properties such as invasiveness, metastasis and local immunosuppressive effects. The goal of the present article is to hypothesize a theory about cancer origin that links placental and cancerous tissues at molecular level. This hypothesis explain that cancer origin could be due to low hypoxic conditions in the peripheral zones of benign tumors which might up-regulate the expression of IGF2, and, consequently, trophoblastic genes.

A new pentachrome method for the simultaneous staining of collagen and sulfated mucopolysaccharides.

Collagen is one of the most common fibers in the extracellular matrix, where sulfated mucopolysaccharides are also located. In addition, sulfated mucopolysaccharides are present in some globet cells and secretory glands. The objective of this article is to develop a new staining method that detects these two macromolecules simultaneously in the same sample.