Radiographers' perspectives on interactional processes during older persons diagnostic medical imaging encounters: a qualitative study.

Background: Within a diagnostic medical imaging context, an interaction encompasses communication, physical contact and emotional support. These intricacies are an integral part in achieving a successful medical imaging outcome. An increasing ageing population presents unique challenges and leads to a higher demand for medical imaging services.

Preliminary Experience Suggests the Addition of Choroid Plexus Cauterization to Functional Hemispherectomy May Reduce Posthemispherectomy Hydrocephalus.

Background: Cerebral hemispherectomy can effectively treat unihemispheric epilepsy. However, posthemispherectomy hydrocephalus (PHH), a serious life-long complication, remains prevalent, requiring careful considerations in technique selection and postoperative management. In 2016, we began incorporating open choroid plexus cauterization (CPC) into our institution's hemispherectomy procedure in an attempt to prevent PHH.

Mobile telephone follow-up assessment of postdischarge death and disability due to trauma in Cameroon: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: In Cameroon, long-term outcomes after discharge from trauma are largely unknown, limiting our ability to identify opportunities to reduce the burden of injury. In this study, we evaluated injury-related death and disability in Cameroonian trauma patients over a 6-month period after hospital discharge.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Evaluating Shifts in Perception After a Pilot Trauma Quality Improvement Training Course in Cameroon.

Introduction: Trauma is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, with low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) being disproportionately affected. Trauma Quality Improvement (QI) initiatives could potentially save an estimated two million lives each year. Successful trauma QI initiatives rely on adequate training and a culture of quality among hospital staff.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Glomus Jugulare Tumors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Glomus jugulare tumors (GJTs) are benign paragangliomas of the jugular foramen. Traditional management of these tumors involves surgical resection; however, considering the proximity of these tumors to important neurovasculature, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) may be an appropriate noninvasive treatment to consider. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate SRS as a treatment option for GJTs.

Hearing Preservation in a Vestibular Schwannoma Patient via a Retrosigmoid Approach.

Vestibular schwannoma(s) (VS) are benign tumors of the cerebellopontine angle comprising the Schwann cells that line the vestibular branch of cranial nerve VIII. Treatment goals focus on the preservation and improvement of facial nerve and hearing function as well as tumor control. The retrosigmoid (RS) approach is associated with lower hearing preservation rates compared to the middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach.

Accuracy and outcomes of diffusion tensor imaging tractography in resection for vestibular schwannoma for facial nerve preservation.

Background: Impairment of facial nerve (FN) function is a common postoperative complication in surgical resections of Vestibular Schwannomas (VS). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography creates in vivo imaging of the anatomical location of white matter tracts that can be preoperatively used to visualize the displaced FN. We present an analysis of patients who underwent DTI tractography imaging prior to VS resection.

Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Revision Surgery Outcomes: A Single Institution's Experience.

Background: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is an abnormality of the otic capsule, which normally overlies the superior semicircular canal. Surgical management is indicated in patients with persistent and debilitating symptoms. Given the complexity of the disease, there are patients who experience less favorable surgical outcomes and require revision surgery.

Systematic Review of Serum Biomarkers in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is responsible for the majority of trauma-related deaths and is a leading cause of disability. It is characterized by an inflammatory process involved in the progression of secondary brain injury. TBI is measured by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) with scores ranging from 15-3, demonstrating mild to severe brain injury.

A systematic review of stereotactic radiofrequency ablation for hypothalamic hamartomas.

Background: The seizure activity associated with hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) is refractory to medical management and surgical intervention is often required. Stereotactic Radiofrequency Ablation (SRFA) is a minimally invasive technique offering targeted lesion ablation with a reduced risk of complications.

Objective: Here, we review the current literature on the use of SRFA for HHs.

Systematic review and evaluation of predictive modeling algorithms in spinal surgeries.

In order to better educate patients, predictive models have been implemented to stratify surgical risk, thereby instituting greater uniformity across surgical practices and prioritizing the safety and outcomes of patients. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review summarizing the major predictive models used to evaluate patients as candidates for spinal surgery. A search was conducted for articles related to predictive modeling in spinal surgeries using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases.

Baseline Patient Safety Culture in Cameroon: Setting a Foundation for Trauma Quality Improvement.

Background: Trauma quality improvement (QI) has resulted in decreased trauma mortality and morbidity in high-income countries and has the potential to do the same in low- and middle-income countries. Effective implementation of QI programs relies on a foundational culture of patient safety; however, studies on trauma-related patient safety culture in Sub-Saharan Africa remain scarce. This study assesses baseline patient safety culture in Cameroon to best identify opportunities for improvement.

A systematic analysis of stereotactic radiosurgery surveys for residents in neurosurgery training programs.

Object: The use of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has increased. SRS training has not risen congruently. Neurosurgeons have conducted surveys and advocated implementation of widespread, standardized radiosurgery training.

Secukinumab versus adalimumab for treatment of active psoriatic arthritis (EXCEED): a double-blind, parallel-group, randomised, active-controlled, phase 3b trial.

Background: Head-to-head trials in psoriatic arthritis are helpful in guiding clinical decision making. The EXCEED study evaluated the efficacy and safety of secukinumab versus adalimumab as first-line biological monotherapy for 52 weeks in patients with active psoriatic arthritis, with a musculoskeletal primary endpoint of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20 response.

Methods: This parallel-group, double-blind, active-controlled, phase-3b, multicentre (168 sites in 26 countries) trial enrolled patients aged at least 18 years with active psoriatic arthritis.

Meta-analysis of tumor control rates in patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery for cystic vestibular schwannomas.

Objective: The use of SRS for treatment of cystic vestibular schwannoma is a topic of mild controversy. This review serves to introduce a renewed understanding of the efficacy of SRS as a viable treatment modality for cystic VS.

Patients And Methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.

Radiosurgery treatment is associated with improved facial nerve preservation versus repeat resection in recurrent vestibular schwannomas.

Background: Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are benign neoplasms of the Schwann cells of cranial nerve VIII, and treatment of VS typically involves surgical resection. However, tumor recurrence may necessitate reintervention, and secondary treatment modalities include repeat surgical resection or adjuvant radiosurgery. The purpose of this study is to examine the scientific literature in order to determine whether surgical resection or radiosurgery for recurrent VS results in better tumor control, hearing preservation, and preservation of facial nerve function.

Age and gender considerations on the symptomology in patients with superior semicircular canal dehiscence: A systematic review and case illustration.

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is caused by a fistula in the arcuate eminence, creating vestibular and auditory disturbances. We aim to determine the effects of gender and age on symptom prevalence and resolution in patients with SSCD. A Boolean search was conducted through four separate scientific databases.

Phospholipase Cγ2 Signaling Cascade Contribute to the Antiplatelet Effect of Notoginsenoside Fc.

Bleeding, the main drawback of clinically used chemical anti-thrombotic drug is resulted from the unidirectional suppression of platelet activity. Therefore, dual-directional regulatory effect on platelet is the main preponderance of over these drugs. The dual-directional regulatory effect should be ascribed to the resourceful saponins (PNS).

Chemically activated luminopsins allow optogenetic inhibition of distributed nodes in an epileptic network for non-invasive and multi-site suppression of seizure activity.

Although optogenetic techniques have proven to be invaluable for manipulating and understanding complex neural dynamics over the past decade, they still face practical and translational challenges in targeting networks involving multiple, large, or difficult-to-illuminate areas of the brain. We utilized inhibitory luminopsins to simultaneously inhibit the dentate gyrus and anterior nucleus of the thalamus of the rat brain in a hardware-independent and cell-type specific manner. This approach was more effective at suppressing behavioral seizures than inhibition of the individual structures in a rat model of epilepsy.

Pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling quantifies cerebral blood flow in patients with acute ischemic stroke and chronic lacunar stroke.

Objective: We employed non-invasive pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) to quantify cerebral blood flow (CBF) in infarcted and nearby neural regions in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and chronic lacunar stroke (CLS). The results were compared with CBF in healthy individuals.

Methods: AIS and CLS patients were imaged with ASL, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and conventional MRI.

Vitamin D deficiency and prognostics among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients with cancer has been previously reported. Because vitamin D is fat soluble, patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma may have an especially high risk of vitamin D deficiency in association with ongoing and varying degrees of malabsorption. However, little is known about the correlation between vitamin D status and prognosis in these patients.