Quinolino[7,8-]quinoline: a 'just right' ligand for beryllium(II) coordination.

We report the synthesis and crystal structure of the first quinolino[7,8-]quinoline beryllium(II) complex of the general formula [BeL2(MeCN)Br]Br·MeCN, containing the ligand 4,9-dihydroxyquinolino[7,8-]quinoline (L2). The Be(II) cation is a great size match for the dinitrogen binding pocket of the quinolino[7,8-]quinoline ligand as indicated by minimal out-of-plane displacement and ligand distortion parameters.

Deep brain stimulation effects on verbal fluency dissociated by target and active contact location.

Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) improves motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), but it can also disrupt verbal fluency with significant costs to quality of life. The current study investigated how variability of bilateral active electrode coordinates along the superior/inferior, anterior/posterior, and lateral/medial axes in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or the globus pallidus interna (GPi) contribute to changes in verbal fluency. We predicted that electrode location in the left hemisphere would be linked to changes in fluency, especially in the STN.

Minimally Invasive Endoscopy for Acute Subdural Hematomas: A Report of 3 Cases.

Background: Acute subdural hematomas (aSDHs) occur in approximately 10% to 20% of all closed head injury and represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in traumatic brain injury patients. Conventional craniotomy is an invasive intervention with the potential for excess blood loss and prolonged postoperative recovery time.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of minimally invasive endoscopy for evacuation of aSDHs in a pilot feasibility study.

Tumors in the cauda equina: A SEER analysis of tumor types and predictors of outcome.

Caudaequinatumors are histologically diverse. International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O3) confers dedicated site code (C72. 1) for cauda equina.

A reverse U/Th radionuclide generator for targeted alpha therapy applications.

Purpose: Thorium-226 (half-life 30.6 m) is a radionuclide of interest for use in targeted alpha therapy applications. Due to its short half-life, Th must be provided through a radionuclide generator system from its parent U (20.

Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Implantation Using a Customized Rapidly Manufactured Stereotactic Fixture with Submillimetric Euclidean Accuracy.

Background: The microTargetingTM MicrotableTM Platform is a novel stereotactic system that can be more rapidly fabricated than currently available 3D-printed alternatives. We present the first case series of patients who underwent deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery guided by this platform and demonstrate its in vivo accuracy.

Methods: Ten patients underwent DBS at a single institution by the senior author and 15 leads were placed.

Blood Pressure Management Following Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes: A Narrative Review.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and mechanical thrombectomy comprise the two major treatments for acute ischemic stroke. Tissue plasminogen activator has been used for more than two decades and guidelines for hemodynamic management following tissue plasminogen activator administration are well established.

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) of the cerebellum can be life threatening because of mass effect on the brainstem and fourth ventricle. Suboccipital craniectomy is currently the treatment of choice for cerebellar ICH evacuation. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is currently being investigated for the treatment of supratentorial ICH.

Separation of Protactinium Employing Sulfur-Based Extraction Chromatographic Resins.

Protactinium-230 ( t = 17.4 d) is the parent isotope of U ( t = 20.8 d), a radionuclide of interest for targeted alpha therapy (TAT).

Synthesis and radiometric evaluation of diglycolamide functionalized mesoporous silica for the chromatographic separation of actinides Th, Pa and U.

The separation of Th, Pa, and U is of high importance in many applications including nuclear power, nuclear waste, environmental and geochemistry, nuclear forensics and nuclear medicine. Diglycolamide (DGA)-based resins have shown the ability to separate many elements, however, these resins consist of non-covalent impregnation of the DGA molecules on the resin backbone resulting in co-elution of the extraction molecule during separation cycles, therefore limiting their long-term and repeated use. Covalently binding the DGA molecules onto silica is one way to overcome this issue.

Exposing an "Intangible" Cognitive Skill among Collegiate Football Players: Enhanced Interference Control.

American football is played in a chaotic visual environment filled with relevant and distracting information. We investigated the hypothesis that collegiate football players show exceptional skill at shielding their response execution from the interfering effects of distraction (). The performances of 280 football players from National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football programs were compared to age-matched controls in a variant of the Eriksen flanker task (Eriksen and Eriksen, 1974).

Alpha-Emitters and Targeted Alpha Therapy in Oncology: from Basic Science to Clinical Investigations.

Alpha-emitters are radionuclides that decay through the emission of high linear energy transfer α-particles and possess favorable pharmacologic profiles for cancer treatment. When coupled with monoclonal antibodies, peptides, small molecules, or nanoparticles, the excellent cytotoxic capability of α-particle emissions has generated a strong interest in exploring targeted α-therapy in the pre-clinical setting and more recently in clinical trials in oncology. Multiple obstacles have been overcome by researchers and clinicians to accelerate the development of targeted α-therapies, especially with the recent improvement in isotope production and purification, but also with the development of innovative strategies for optimized targeting.

Separation of 103Ru from a proton irradiated thorium matrix: A potential source of Auger therapy radionuclide 103mRh.

Ruthenium-103 is the parent isotope of 103mRh (t1/2 56.1 min), an isotope of interest for Auger electron therapy. During the proton irradiation of thorium targets, large amounts of 103Ru are generated through proton induced fission.

Chromatographic separation of the theranostic radionuclide Ag from a proton irradiated thorium matrix.

Column chromatographic methods have been developed to separate no-carrier-added Ag from proton irradiated thorium targets and associated fission products as an ancillary process to an existing Ac separation design. Herein we report the separation of Ag both prior and subsequent to Ac recovery using CL resin, a solvent impregnated resin (SIR) that carries an organic solution of alkyl phosphine sulfides (RP = S) and alkyl phosphine oxides (RP = O). The recovery yield of Ag was 93 ± 9% with a radiochemical purity of 99.

Radiometric evaluation of diglycolamide resins for the chromatographic separation of actinium from fission product lanthanides.

Actinium-225 is a potential Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT) isotope. It can be generated with high energy (≥ 100MeV) proton irradiation of thorium targets. The main challenge in the chemical recovery of Ac lies in the separation from thorium and many fission by-products most importantly radiolanthanides.

Simultaneous Separation of Actinium and Radium Isotopes from a Proton Irradiated Thorium Matrix.

A new method has been developed for the isolation of Ra, in high yield and purity, from a proton irradiated Th matrix. Herein we report an all-aqueous process using multiple solid-supported adsorption steps including a citrate chelation method developed to remove >99.9% of the barium contaminants by activity from the final radium product.

Proton-induced production and radiochemical isolation of Ti from scandium metal targets for Ti/Sc generator development.

Scandium-44g (half-life 3.97h) shows promise for application in positron emission tomography (PET), due to favorable decay parameters. One of the sources of Sc is the Ti/Sc generator, which can conveniently provide this radioisotope on a daily basis at a diagnostic facility.

Synthesis and Characterization of the Actinium Aquo Ion.

Metal aquo ions occupy central roles in all equilibria that define metal complexation in natural environments. These complexes are used to establish thermodynamic metrics (i.e.

Bulk production and evaluation of high specific activity Re for cancer therapy using enriched WO targets in a proton beam.

Introduction: Rhenium-186g (t = 3.72 d) is a β emitting isotope suitable for theranostic applications. Current production methods rely on reactor production by way of the reaction Re(n,γ)Re, which results in low specific activities limiting its use for cancer therapy.

Evaluation of nitrogen-rich macrocyclic ligands for the chelation of therapeutic bismuth radioisotopes.

Introduction: The use of α-emitting isotopes for radionuclide therapy is a promising treatment strategy for small micro-metastatic disease. The radioisotope (213)Bi is a nuclide that has found substantial use for targeted α-therapy (TAT). The relatively unexplored aqueous chemistry of Bi(3+), however, hinders the development of bifunctional chelating agents that can successfully deliver these Bi radioisotopes to the tumor cells.

Synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-rich macrocyclic ligands and an investigation of their coordination chemistry with lanthanum(III).

Derivatives of the ligand 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) containing pendant N-heterocyclic donors were prepared. The heterocycles pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine were conjugated to cyclen to give 1,4,7,10-tetrakis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (L(py)), 1,4,7,10-tetrakis(3-pyridazylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (L(pyd)), 1,4,7,10-tetrakis(4-pyrimidylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (L(pyr)), and 1,4,7,10-tetrakis(2-pyrazinylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (L(pz)), respectively. The coordination chemistry of these ligands was explored using the La(3+) ion.

Spectroscopic characterization of alumina-supported bis(allyl)iridium complexes: site-isolation, reactivity, and decomposition studies.

The covalent attachment of tris(allyl)iridium to partially dehydroxylated gamma-alumina is found to proceed via surface hydroxyl group protonation of one allyl ligand to form an immobilized bis(allyl)iridium moiety, (=AlO)Ir(allyl)(2), as characterized by CP-MAS (13)C NMR, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and Ir L(3) edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements taken on unsupported Ir(allyl)(3) and several associated tertiary phosphine addition complexes suggest that the eta(3)-allyl ligands generally account for an Ir-C coordination number of 2 rather than 3, with an average Ir-C distance of 2.16 A.

Nature of bonding in complexes containing "supershort" metal-metal bonds. raman and theoretical study of M2(dmp)4 [M = Cr (natural abundance Cr, 50Cr, and 54Cr) and Mo; dmp = 2,6-dimethoxyphenyl].

We report an investigation of complexes of the type M(2)(dmp)(4) (M = Mo, Cr; dmp = 2,6-dimethoxyphenyl) using resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy, Cr isotopic substitution, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Assignment of the Mo-Mo stretching vibration in the Mo(2) species is straightforward, as evidenced by a single resonance-enhanced band at 424 cm(-1), consistent with an essentially unmixed metal-metal stretch, and overtones of this vibration. On the other hand, the Cr(2) congener has no obvious metal-metal stretching mode near 650-700 cm(-1), where empirical predictions based on the Cr-Cr distance as well as DFT calculations suggest that this vibration should appear if unmixed.

Comparative study of f-element electronic structure across a series of multimetallic actinide and lanthanoid-actinide complexes possessing redox-active bridging ligands.

A comparative examination of the electronic interactions across a series of trimetallic actinide and mixed lanthanide-actinide and lanthanum-actinide complexes is presented. Using reduced, radical terpyridyl ligands as conduits in a bridging framework to promote intramolecular metal-metal communication, studies containing structural, electrochemical, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy are reported for (C(5)Me(5))(2)An[-N horizontal lineC(Bn)(tpy-M{C(5)Me(4)R}(2))](2) (where An = Th(IV), U(IV); Bn = CH(2)C(6)H(5); M = La(III), Sm(III), Yb(III), U(III); R = H, Me, Et) to reveal effects dependent on the identities of the metal ions and R-groups. The electrochemical results show differences in redox energetics at the peripheral "M" site between complexes and significant wave splitting of the metal- and ligand-based processes indicating substantial electronic interactions between multiple redox sites across the actinide-containing bridge.