Initiation of a discharge pharmacy within a busy urban emergency department: The first year.

Purpose: Discharge prescriptions represent an important aspect of care for patients seen in the emergency department (ED) setting and are used by providers to continue therapy for acute illness once patients leave the ED or to prevent future exacerbations of chronic conditions. The success of an ED discharge and the medications prescribed rely on patient compliance. Compliance depends on patients' ability to obtain prescriptions, which can be hindered by limited access to pharmacies and cost.

Prevalence and Severity of Rationing During Drug Shortages: A National Survey of Health System Pharmacists.

This study examines national survey results from hospital pharmacy managers to investigate current drug allocation and rationing practices of US hospitals during drug shortages.

Uncoupling of hTREX demonstrates that UAP56 and hTHO-complex recruitment onto herpesvirus saimiri intronless transcripts is required for replication.

Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) ORF57 nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein binds viral RNA and interacts with the cellular nuclear export adaptor protein, Aly, to access the TAP-mediated nuclear export pathway. This enables the efficient nuclear export of HVS intronless mRNAs. Herein, we extend these studies and demonstrate that ORF57 recruits several members of hTREX, namely Aly, UAP56 and hTHO-complex proteins, onto the viral mRNAs to assemble an export-competent ribonucleoprotein particle.

Identification of a response element in a herpesvirus saimiri mRNA recognized by the ORF57 protein.

The herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) ORF57 protein binds viral RNA, enabling the efficient nuclear export of intronless viral mRNAs. However, it is not known how ORF57 recognizes these viral mRNAs. In this study, a systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) approach was used to select RNA sequences that are preferentially bound by the ORF57 protein.

Recruitment of the complete hTREX complex is required for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus intronless mRNA nuclear export and virus replication.

A cellular pre-mRNA undergoes various post-transcriptional processing events, including capping, splicing and polyadenylation prior to nuclear export. Splicing is particularly important for mRNA nuclear export as two distinct multi-protein complexes, known as human TREX (hTREX) and the exon-junction complex (EJC), are recruited to the mRNA in a splicing-dependent manner. In contrast, a number of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) lytic mRNAs lack introns and are exported by the virus-encoded ORF57 protein.

Herpesvirus saimiri ORF57: a post-transcriptional regulatory protein.

Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) is the prototype gamma-2 herpesvirus and is a useful model to study the basic mechanisms of lytic replication in this herpesvirus subfamily. This review focuses upon the role of an essential lytic protein, ORF57, which is functionally conserved in all classes of herpesviruses. ORF57 is a multidomain, multifunctional protein responsible for both activation and repression of viral gene expression at a post-transcriptional level.

Hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation and a high risk of stroke are not being provided with adequate anticoagulation.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine both treatment gaps and predictors of warfarin use in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients enrolled in a national multicenter study.

Background: The National Anticoagulation Benchmark Outcomes Report (NABOR) is a performance improvement program designed to benchmark anticoagulation prophylaxis, treatment, and outcomes among participating hospitals.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of inpatients was performed at 21 teaching, 13 community, and 4 Veterans Administration hospitals in the U.

Treatment of venous thromboembolism: adherence to guidelines and impact of physician knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs.

Objectives: To assess the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients enrolled in a national, multicenter database.

Methods: This was a retrospective, cohort study that randomly selected VTE patients from 38 academic/teaching, community, and Veterans Administration (VA) hospitals. The study included a physician survey component.

Antithrombotic therapy practices in US hospitals in an era of practice guidelines.

Background: Antithrombotic therapy is efficacious for the prevention of thromboembolic disease, but it necessitates careful risk-benefit assessment.

Methods: Antithrombotic therapy data were retrospectively collected from inpatient medical records at 38 US hospitals. Patients treated for atrial fibrillation, acute myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism and patients given prophylaxis for total knee replacement, total hip replacement, or hip fracture surgery between July 1, 2000, and June 30, 2003, were randomly selected.

Improvements in glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients switched from sulfonylurea coadministered with metformin to glyburide-metformin tablets.

Objective: To evaluate the change in hemoglobin A1C (A1C) in patients with type 2 diabetes switched from coadministration of a sulfonylurea (SU), glyburide or glipizide, and metformin (SU+Met) to a single glyburide-metformin tablet.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study design of patients with type 2 diabetes treated at 3 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers and 1 Department of Defense Medical Center was utilized. One hundred percent of patients receiving glyburide-metformin tablets were screened for inclusion.