Sociodemographic Factors Influencing Access to Chimeric Antigen T-Cell Receptor Therapy for Patients With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies are available for patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL); however, their use has been limited in accessibility due to nondisease factors.

Patients & Methods: We conducted a retrospective study evaluating the influence of sociodemographic factors on access and outcomes after CAR-T therapy for adult patients with B-cell NHL in our institution treated between 2016 and 2023.

Results: Among 154 patients treated with CAR-T, 43% were older than 65 years, 68% male, and 14% non-White (including Hispanic).

Tempol augments the blunted cutaneous microvascular thermal reactivity in healthy young African Americans.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? The purpose was to determine whether there is a difference between African Americans and Caucasians in cutaneous microvascular function and whether this difference is attributable to elevated oxidative stress. What is the main finding and its importance? The main finding is that African Americans have an attenuated cutaneous vasodilatation during local heating relative to Caucasians that is restored with local infusion of the superoxide dismutase mimetic, tempol. This suggests that superoxide mediates microvascular dysfunction and might contribute to the greater prevalence of cardiovascular disease in this population.

Pronounced and sustained cutaneous vasoconstriction during and following cyrotherapy treatment: Role of neurotransmitters released from sympathetic nerves.

Cryotherapy is a therapeutic technique using ice or cold water applied to the skin to manage soft tissue trauma and injury. While beneficial, there are some potentially detrimental side effects, such as pronounced vasoconstriction and tissue ischemia that are sustained for hours post-treatment. This study tested the hypothesis that this vasoconstriction is mediated by 1) activation of post-synaptic α-adrenergic receptors and/or 2) activation of post-synaptic neuropeptide Y1 (NPY Y1) receptors.

Equations for O and CO solubilities in saline and plasma: combining temperature and density dependences.

Solubilities of respiratory gasses in water, saline, and plasma decrease with rising temperatures and solute concentrations. Henry's Law, C = α·P, states that the equilibrium concentration of a dissolved gas is solubility times partial pressure. Solubilities in the water of a solution depend on temperature and the content of other solutes.

Sustained cutaneous vasoconstriction during and following cyrotherapy treatment: Role of oxidative stress and Rho kinase.

Cryotherapy is a therapeutic technique using ice or cold water applied to the skin to reduce bleeding, inflammation, pain, and swelling following soft tissue trauma and injury. While beneficial, there are some side effects such as pronounced vasoconstriction and tissue ischemia that are sustained for hours post-treatment. This study tested the hypothesis that this vasoconstriction is mediated by 1) the Rho-kinase pathway and/or 2) elevated oxidative stress.

Heart rate, blood pressure and repolarization effects of an energy drink as compared to coffee.

The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of energy drinks on haemodynamic and cardiac physiology. Comparisons were made to coffee as well as water consumption. In Protocol #1 the caffeine content was normalized to body weight to represent a controlled environment.

Impaired endothelium independent vasodilation in the cutaneous microvasculature of young obese adults.

Microvascular dysfunction contributes to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disease. This study tested the hypothesis that young obese (BMI>30 kg m(-2)), otherwise healthy, adults (N=15) have impaired microvascular function relative to age and sex matched, lean (BMI<25 kg m(-2)) individuals (N=14). Participants were instrumented with two microdialysis probes in the cutaneous vasculature of one forearm; one for a wide dose range of infusions of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator methacholine (MCh) and the other for the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside (SNP).

"Functional" Respiratory Muscle Training During Endurance Exercise Causes Modest Hypoxemia but Overall is Well Tolerated.

A novel commercial training mask purportedly allows for combined respiratory muscle training and altitude exposure during exercise. We examined the mask's ability to deliver on this claim. Ten men completed three bouts of treadmill exercise at a matched workload (60%VO2peak) in a controlled laboratory environment.

Dietary nitrate reduces the O2 cost of desert marching but elevates the rise in core temperature.

Purpose: Dietary nitrate (NO3 (-)) supplementation reduces the O2 cost of fixed-workload tasks performed in temperate environments but has not been examined in the heat. If this effect were retained it could reduce heatstroke risk in military personnel that are deployed for desert combat.

Methods: Nine men completed three 45 min loaded battle marches at a standard cadence (4.

Warm skin alters cardiovascular responses to cycling after preheating and precooling.

Purpose: Exercise in hot conditions increases core (TC) and skin temperature (TSK) and can lead to a progressive rise in HR and decline in stroke volume (SV) during prolonged exercise. Thermoregulatory-driven elevations in skin blood flow (SkBF) adds complexity to cardiovascular regulation during exercise in these conditions. Presently, the dominant, although debated, view is that raising TSK increases SkBF and reduces SV through diminished venous return; however, this scenario has not been rigorously investigated across core and skin temperatures.

Variability in orthostatic tolerance during heat stress: cerebrovascular reactivity to arterial carbon dioxide.

Introduction: A high degree of interindividual variability exists in the magnitude of heat stress (HS)-induced reductions in orthostatic tolerance relative to normothermia (NT). This variability may be associated with HS-mediated reductions in cerebral perfusion (indexed as middle cerebral artery blood velocity; MCAV(mean)) and altered cerebrovascular regulation.

Methods: We tested the hypothesis that cerebrovascular reactivity to hypocapnia would be positively correlated with differences in tolerance to lower body negative pressure (LBNP) [assessed with a cumulative stress index (CSI)] between HS and NT (CSI(diff)).

Cerebral vasoreactivity: impact of heat stress and lower body negative pressure.

Objective: Cerebrovascular reactivity represents the capacity of the cerebral circulation to raise blood flow in the face of increased demand, and may be reduced in some clinical and physiological conditions. We tested the hypothesis that the hypercapnia-induced increase in cerebral perfusion is attenuated during heat stress (HS) compared to normothermia (NT), and this response is further reduced during the combined challenges of HS and lower body negative pressure (LBNP).

Methods: Ten healthy individuals (9 men) undertook rebreathing-induced hypercapnia during NT, HS, and HS + 20 mmHg LBNP (HSLBNP), while cerebral perfusion was indexed from middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCA V mean).

Postexercise macronutrient intake and subsequent postprandial triglyceride metabolism.

Unlabelled: Acute endurance exercise has been shown to lower postprandial plasma triglyceride (PPTG) concentrations; however, whether this is due to the negative energy and/or CHO deficit from the exercise bout is not well understood.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of a postexercise meal consisting of either high or low CHO content on PPTG and postprandial fat oxidation the morning after an exercise bout.

Methods: Healthy young men (n = 6) performed each of four experimental treatments: 1) nonexercise control (CON), 2) 80 min of cycling with either no meal replacement (EX), 3) a high-CHO postexercise meal (EX+HCHO), or a 4) low-CHO postexercise meal (EX+LCHO).

Prohormone supplement 3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-17-one enhances resistance training gains but impairs user health.

Prohormone supplements (PS) are recognized not to impart anabolic or ergogenic effects in men, but the research supporting these conclusions is dated. The Anabolic Steroid Control Act was amended in 2004 to classify androstenedione and 17 additional anabolic compounds as controlled substances. The viability of PS that entered the market after that time have not been evaluated.

Elevated resting heart rate and reduced orthostatic tolerance in obese humans.

Background: Obesity is linked with numerous physiological impairments; however, its impact on orthostatic tolerance (OT) remains unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that OT is reduced in obese individuals, and that reduced heart rate (HR) reserve and impaired cerebral autoregulation contribute to impaired OT.

Methods: Eleven obese (8 females) and 22 non-obese (10 females) individuals were exposed to incremental lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to presyncope while HR, arterial blood pressure, and cerebral perfusion (middle cerebral artery blood velocity; MCA V mean) were measured.

Acute high-intensity endurance exercise is more effective than moderate-intensity exercise for attenuation of postprandial triglyceride elevation.

Acute exercise has been shown to attenuate postprandial plasma triglyceride elevation (PPTG). However, the direct contribution of exercise intensity is less well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise intensity on PPTG and postprandial fat oxidation.