Rate of orthopedic resident and medical student recognition of nonaccidental trauma: a pilot study.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of mandated reporters to identify child abuse in children presenting with fractures. An Institutional Review Board approved survey-based study between January 2017 and December 2017 was conducted at a tertiary care academic medical center. 10 cases were combined to create one survey.

Motor behavior: A feedforward circuit for zebrafish escape.

A recent study of motor control in zebrafish demonstrates the critical role of an excitatory neural relay network in the transformation of a unilateral turn command into a subsequent bilateral swim signal. A rapid and smooth transition between these motor phases is critical for successfully escaping danger.

Differential effects of sound level and temporal structure of calls on phonotaxis by female gray treefrogs, Hyla versicolor.

We investigated how communication distance influenced the efficacy of communication by studying the effects of two attributes of male chorus sounds, namely, reduction in sound level and degradation of temporal sound structure, on attraction and accuracy of female phonotaxis in gray treefrogs, Hyla versicolor. For this, we conducted acoustic playback experiments, using synthetic calls and natural calls recorded at increasing distances from a focal male as stimuli. We found that the degradation of temporal structure had a greater effect on signal attractiveness than did the reduction in sound level, and that increasing sound level preferentially affected the attractiveness of proximally recorded calls, with less temporal degradation.

ELF5 and DOK7 regulation in anti-estrogen treated cells and tumors.

Background: Most women with primary breast cancers that express estrogen receptor alpha (ER or ESR1) are treated with endocrine therapies including the anti-estrogen tamoxifen, but resistance to these anti-endocrine therapies often develops. This study characterizes the expression of hormone receptors, and the mRNA and DNA methylation levels of docking protein 7 (DOK7), and E74-like factor 5 (ELF5), in 21 novel tamoxifen-resistant cell lines and extends the findings to primary and recurrent human breast tumors.

Methods: Twenty-one tamoxifen-selected cell lines were developed through cloning by limiting dilution of an MCF-7 cell culture treated with 1 μM tamoxifen for 6 months.

Dynamic detection of electron spin accumulation in ferromagnet-semiconductor devices by ferromagnetic resonance.

A distinguishing feature of spin accumulation in ferromagnet-semiconductor devices is its precession in a magnetic field. This is the basis for detection techniques such as the Hanle effect, but these approaches become ineffective as the spin lifetime in the semiconductor decreases. For this reason, no electrical Hanle measurement has been demonstrated in GaAs at room temperature.

Noise-induced hearing loss: new animal models.

Purpose Of The Review: This article presents research findings from two invertebrate model systems with potential to advance both the understanding of noise-induced hearing loss mechanisms and the development of putative therapies to reduce human noise damage.

Recent Findings: Work on sea anemone hair bundles, which resemble auditory hair cells, has revealed secretions that exhibit astonishing healing properties not only for damaged hair bundles, but also for vertebrate lateral line neuromasts. We present progress on identifying functional components of the secretions, and their mechanisms of repair.

Physiological, anatomical, and behavioral changes after acoustic trauma in Drosophila melanogaster.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a growing health issue, with costly treatment and lost quality of life. Here we establish Drosophila melanogaster as an inexpensive, flexible, and powerful genetic model system for NIHL. We exposed flies to acoustic trauma and quantified physiological and anatomical effects.

Phonotaxis to male's calls embedded within a chorus by female gray treefrogs, Hyla versicolor.

During the reproductive season, male Hyla versicolor produce advertisement calls to attract females. Females exhibit phonotaxis and approach the individual callers, resulting in amplexus. For frogs that call from dense choruses, the extent to which and the range from which a male's advertisement call within a chorus can be heard by a receptive female leading to phonotaxis is unclear.