Analysis of proteome-wide degradation dynamics in ALS SOD1 iPSC-derived patient neurons reveals disrupted VCP homeostasis.

Mutations in SOD1 cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through gain-of-function effects, yet the mechanisms by which misfolded mutant SOD1 (mutSOD1) protein impairs human motor neurons (MNs) remain unclear. Here, we use induced-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived MNs coupled to metabolic stable isotope labeling and mass spectrometry to investigate proteome-wide degradation dynamics. We find several proteins, including the ALS-causal valosin-containing protein (VCP), which predominantly acts in proteasome degradation and autophagy, that degrade slower in mutSOD1 relative to isogenic control MNs.

Active Control of Plasmonic-Photonic Interactions in a Microbubble Cavity.

Active control of light-matter interactions using nanophotonic structures is critical for new modalities for solar energy production, cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), and sensing, particularly at the single-particle level, where it underpins the creation of tunable nanophotonic networks. Coupled plasmonic-photonic systems show great promise toward these goals because of their subwavelength spatial confinement and ultrahigh-quality factors inherited from their respective components. Here, we present a microfluidic approach using microbubble whispering-gallery mode cavities to actively control plasmonic-photonic interactions at the single-particle level.

Direct Observation of Infrared Plasmonic Fano Antiresonances by a Nanoscale Electron Probe.

In this Letter, we exploit recent breakthroughs in monochromated aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to resolve infrared plasmonic Fano antiresonances in individual nanofabricated disk-rod dimers. Using a combination of electron energy-loss spectroscopy and theoretical modeling, we investigate and characterize a subspace of the weak coupling regime between quasidiscrete and quasicontinuum localized surface plasmon resonances where infrared plasmonic Fano antiresonances appear. This work illustrates the capability of STEM instrumentation to experimentally observe nanoscale plasmonic responses that were previously the domain only of higher-resolution infrared spectroscopies.

Elucidating Energy Pathways through Simultaneous Measurement of Absorption and Transmission in a Coupled Plasmonic-Photonic Cavity.

Control of light-matter interactions is central to numerous advances in quantum communication, information, and sensing. The relative ease with which interactions can be tailored in coupled plasmonic-photonic systems makes them ideal candidates for investigation. To exert control over the interaction between photons and plasmons, it is essential to identify the underlying energy pathways which influence the system's dynamics and determine the critical system parameters, such as the coupling strength and dissipation rates.

Comparison of Online and Face-to-Face Parent Education for Children with Autism and Sleep Problems.

Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have sleep disorders. Face-to-face (F2F) sessions have empowered parents to help their child sleep. Our goal was whether online technologies could provide similar improvements in children's sleep while also improving parents' quality of life.

Sculpting Fano Resonances To Control Photonic-Plasmonic Hybridization.

Hybrid photonic-plasmonic systems have tremendous potential as versatile platforms for the study and control of nanoscale light-matter interactions since their respective components have either high-quality factors or low mode volumes. Individual metallic nanoparticles deposited on optical microresonators provide an excellent example where ultrahigh-quality optical whispering-gallery modes can be combined with nanoscopic plasmonic mode volumes to maximize the system's photonic performance. Such optimization, however, is difficult in practice because of the inability to easily measure and tune critical system parameters.

Peer Victimization in Adolescents With Severe Obesity: The Roles of Self-Worth and Social Support in Associations With Psychosocial Adjustment.

Objective: To examine the associations of peer victimization with internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, social competence, and academic performance in a clinical sample of adolescents with severe obesity, and whether self-worth and social support affect these associations.

Methods: Multisite cross-sectional data from 139 adolescents before weight loss surgery ( M age = 16.9; 79.

Treatment of purpura with lasers and light sources.

The potential for bruising is a frequent concern for patients undergoing minimally invasive procedures, particularly injection-based soft tissue fillers and botulinum toxin type A. Decreasing the risk of this side effect with good technique and careful patient selection is key, but interventions that quicken the resolution of bruising are also helpful. Many practitioners have employed the theory of selective photothermolysis, using laser and light devices, to target hemoglobin and its breakdown products to speed time to bruise resolution.

Bariatric surgery in adolescents: what's the rationale? What's rational?

Rates of obesity in adolescents continue to rise, and available lifestyle and pharmacological interventions have had limited success in reducing excess weight and risk for comorbid health issues. However, ongoing health risks, psychosocial issues, and increased risk of mortality place these adolescents in jeopardy and warrant ongoing investigation for available treatments. Bariatric surgery for adults has had positive medical and psychological outcomes.

Botulinum toxin type A: new information about an old medicine.

Now that several formulations of botulinum toxin type-A (BoNT-A) are on the market in North America and throughout the world, it is of great practical importance for those who administer these medications to be familiar with the differences between the formulations. These differences pertain to the stability of the medications, in particular during the period of time between reconstitution and administration, which may affect the degree of diffusion through various tissues after injection. A variety of relatively new uses of BoNT-A for dermatological conditions will be discussed.

YSGG 2790-nm superficial ablative and fractional ablative laser treatment.

The 2790-nm wavelength YSGG laser was introduced for aesthetic purposes under the trade name Pearl by Cutera in 2007. In clinical use, the Pearl superficial resurfacing laser has proved effective and well tolerated for the correction of superficial brown epidermal dyschromia and superficial fine lines and scars, and the Pearl Fractional laser produces excellent improvement in both dyschromia and improvement of deeper lines and moderately deep acne scarring. The two laser treatments can be combined in a single treatment session on different parts of the face or on the entire face, depending on patient needs and priorities.

Technical characteristics of fractional light devices.

This article deals with the technical characteristics of fractional light devices, fractional lasers, and light sources that cause their biologic effects by increasing the temperature of the target tissues to the point where the target is either killed, or in other cases where the temperature of the target tissue is increased to the point where repair and remodeling systems are turned on but tissue is not killed. Resurfacing devices act by causing ablation and/or coagulation.

Repair of acne scars with Dermicol-P35.

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent skin condition that can cause disfiguring residual scarring. While the complete removal of acne scars is unlikely, several treatments exist that can improve the appearance of acne scars. Dermal fillers offer a simple, nonsurgical corrective procedure that can provide improved skin texture.

Reversible vs. nonreversible fillers in facial aesthetics: concerns and considerations.

Soft-tissue augmentation of the face is an increasingly popular cosmetic procedure. In recent years, the number of available filling agents has also increased dramatically, improving the range of options available to physicians and patients. Understanding the different characteristics, capabilities, risks, and limitations of the available dermal and subdermal fillers can help physicians improve patient outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.

Practical use of Juvéderm: early experience.

Background: This article is intended to provide practical information on the use of Juvéderm Ultra and Juvéderm Ultra Plus injectable gel fillers and to highlight differences between the injection techniques and uses of these fillers and those of gel-particle suspensions. The author's purpose was to provide early information to clinicians who perform aesthetic surgery.

Methods: The author discusses the properties of the Juvéderm family of products, compares these with particulate gel fillers, and makes recommendations for achieving optimal outcomes with Juvéderm as well as dermal fillers in general.

New fillers for the new man.

Two new collagen-based lidocaine-containing dermal fillers, ArteSense/ArteFill (Artes Medical, San Diego, CA) and Evolence (Colbar LifeScience Ltd., Herzliya, Israel), have proved to be of particular interest to men, many of whom seek a long-lasting or permanent correction. ArteFill has been available in the United States since 2006, and it is expected that Evolence will reach the American market in 2008.

A comprehensive approach to the recognition, diagnosis, and severity-based treatment of focal hyperhidrosis: recommendations of the Canadian Hyperhidrosis Advisory Committee.

Background: Hyperhidrosis can have profound effects on a patient's quality of life. Current treatment guidelines ignore disease severity.

Objective: The objective was to establish clinical guidelines for the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of primary focal hyperhidrosis.

Benefits of a musculoskeletal screening examination for initial entry training soldiers.

Soldiers reporting for Individual Entry Training from basic training posts frequently arrive unable to initiate or complete training due to musculoskeletal injuries. Therefore, a screening examination was developed to identify musculoskeletal injuries and provide appropriate medical intervention as needed. During a consecutive 5-week period, 1013 soldiers reported for training to Fort Lee, Virginia.

Ice minimizes discomfort associated with injection of botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis.

Background: The value of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for treatment of palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis (HH) has been limited by injection pain, which in the past has generally required administration of a nerve block. We describe the successful use of ice applied to the intended injection point followed immediately by application of either ice or vibration to skin adjacent to the injection point to reduce discomfort associated with injection of BTX-A for the treatment of palmar and plantar HH.

Results: During needle insertion and injection of BTX-A, both the application of ice to the intended injection point followed by application of ice adjacent to the injection point (ice+ice) and the application of ice to the intended injection point followed by application of vibration adjacent to the injection point have been preferred by our patients to nerve block.

Five percent lidocaine cream applied simultaneously to the skin and mucosa of the lips creates excellent anesthesia for filler injections.

Background: Injection of filler substances into the lips is painful, and many patients also find the injection of local or regional anesthesia into the lips painful.

Objective: To develop a highly effective and painless form of anesthesia to facilitate injection of filler substances into the lips.

Methods: Five percent lidocaine cream was applied simultaneously to the skin, vermilion, and mucosa of the lips (with the use of a barrier to keep the cream in contact with the mucosa and out of the rest of the mouth) for 20 to 30 minutes.

Vibration anesthesia: a noninvasive method of reducing discomfort prior to dermatologic procedures.

In some dermatologic and cosmetic procedures, local anesthesia is not sufficient for relieving pain; often patients are averse to injections. We propose vibration anesthesia, the use of vibration delivered with commercially available inexpensive massagers to reduce discomfort. We find the analgesic effect of vibration helpful in minimizing pain in patients undergoing injections of botulinum toxin type A treatment for hyperhidrosis, injection of filler substances such as Restylane and Juvederm, laser therapy for leg veins, nail-fold injections, Q-switched laser treatment of tattoos, incision and drainage of abscesses, and cautery of facial warts, as well as facilitating anesthetic injections for needle-phobic patients.