Both nuclear and cytoplasmic polymorphisms are involved in genetic conflicts over male fertility in the gynodioecious snail, Physa acuta.

Gynodioecy, the coexistence of hermaphrodites with females, often reflects conflicts between cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) genes and nuclear genes restoring male fertility. CMS is frequent in plants and has been recently discovered in one animal: the freshwater snail, Physa acuta. In this system, CMS was linked to a single divergent mitochondrial genome (D), devoid of apparent nuclear restoration.

Individualistic evolutionary responses of Central African rain forest plants to Pleistocene climatic fluctuations.

Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of genetic diversity is fundamental for species conservation in the face of climate change, particularly in hyper-diverse biomes. Species in a region may respond similarly to climate change, leading to comparable evolutionary dynamics, or individualistically, resulting in dissimilar patterns. The second-largest expanse of continuous tropical rain forest (TRF) in the world is found in Central Africa.

Phylogenomic approaches reveal how climate shapes patterns of genetic diversity in an African rain forest tree species.

The world's second largest expanse of tropical rainforest is in Central Africa, and it harbours enormous species diversity. Population genetic studies have consistently revealed significant structure across Central African rainforest plants. In particular, previous studies have repeatedly demonstrated a north-south genetic discontinuity around the equatorial line, in a continuous expanse of rainforest where a climatic inversion is documented.

Unraveling the Phylogenomic Relationships of the Most Diverse African Palm Genus (Calamoideae, Arecaceae).

Palms are conspicuous floristic elements across the tropics. In continental Africa, even though there are less than 70 documented species, they are omnipresent across the tropical landscape. The genus has 20 accepted species in Africa and one species endemic to the Neotropics.

A set of AP2-like genes is associated with inflorescence branching and architecture in domesticated rice.

Rice yield is influenced by inflorescence size and architecture, and inflorescences from domesticated rice accessions produce more branches and grains. Neither the molecular control of branching nor the developmental differences between wild and domesticated rice accessions are fully understood. We surveyed phenotypes related to branching, size, and grain yield across 91 wild and domesticated African and Asian accessions.

Phylogenomics of the Major Tropical Plant Family Annonaceae Using Targeted Enrichment of Nuclear Genes.

Targeted enrichment and sequencing of hundreds of nuclear loci for phylogenetic reconstruction is becoming an important tool for plant systematics and evolution. Annonaceae is a major pantropical plant family with 110 genera and ca. 2,450 species, occurring across all major and minor tropical forests of the world.

Overlap between differentially methylated DNA regions in blood B lymphocytes and genetic at-risk loci in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Background: Beyond genetics, epigenetics alterations and especially those related to DNA methylation, play key roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and systemic lupus erythematosus. This study aimed to assess the role of methylation deregulation in pSS pathogeny through a genome-wide methylation approach.

Patients And Methods: 26 female patients with pSS and 22 age-matched controls were included in this study.