A Method for Precise Reduction of Facial Bone Fractures Using Intraoperative Ultrasound With a Solid Gel Pad as a Coupling Medium.

This study introduces a method to overcome technical challenges in using intraoperative ultrasound for the closed reduction of nasal bone and zygomatic arch fractures. The curvature of the face makes it difficult to apply an ultrasound probe to the facial area. We used a solid gel pad as a coupling medium during surgery to improve the scanning of facial bone fractures.

Removal of an intraosseous hemangioma of the frontal bone through an anterior hairline incision: a case report.

An intraosseous hemangioma of the frontal bone is typically removed via a coronal incision. This procedure, while effective, can be lengthy and may result in complications such as a prominent scar and hair loss. An alternative approach involves a direct incision in the forehead, which leaves a less noticeable scar and allows a quicker recovery.

Clinical association between serum cholesterol level and the size of xanthelasma palpebrarum.

Background: Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) is a benign periorbital lesion. The relationship between xanthelasma lesion size and serum cholesterol levels has been poorly studied. In this study, we investigated this relationship in the context of the clinical etiology of XP.

Comparison of intermaxillary fixation techniques for mandibular fractures with focus on patient experience.

Background: Intermaxillary fixation (IMF) is a technique that allows for the reduction and stabilization of mandibular fractures. Several methods of IMF, such as self-tapping screws or arch bars, have been developed. This study aimed to validate the usefulness of IMF with a self-tapping screw compared to IMF with arch bars with focus on the patients' perspective.

Optimal harvest and efficient use of septal cartilage in rhinoplasty.

Background: Nasal septal cartilage is used to obtain favorable aesthetic and functional outcomes in rhinoplasty, but is often difficult to harvest or the harvested amount is insufficient. Therefore, the objective of this study is to introduce how to harvest septal cartilage optimally without losing and use harvested cartilage efficiently.

Methods: From March 2015 to January 2020, we tried to harvest as much septal cartilage as possible while maintaining the L-strut in 30 patients.

Schwannoma on the nasal dorsum and tip with sensory changes.

Schwannomas, which originate from Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, are slowgrowing and uncommon benign tumors. Most schwannomas (90%) occur in isolation, and multiple occurrences are a characteristic feature of neurofibromas. Schwannomas of the nose and nasal tip are particularly unusual.

Epidermoid cyst in temple area with skull perforation.

Epidermoid cysts are benign tumors that account for approximately 1% of intracranial tumors. In very rare cases, temporally located extradural intradiploic epidermoid cysts can cause neurological symptoms and skull perforation. Herein, we report the case of a 34-year-old woman who underwent successful treatment of an epidermoid cyst in the temporal region accompanied by neurological symptoms.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor in Buccal Cheek Mucosa.

A solitary fibrous tumor is a relatively uncommon neoplasm that usually occurs in the pleura but occurs extremely rarely in the oral cavity. Reported herein is a rare case of a solitary fibrous tumor in the buccal cheek mucosa. A 50-year-old man visited the authors' hospital due to a buccal cheek mass whose size had increased.

Correlation between the time elapsed after liposuction and the risk of fat embolism: An animal model.

Background: Liposuction has become one of the most frequently performed procedures in the field of aesthetic surgery. Fat embolism syndrome after liposuction can easily be overlooked or underestimated; however, occasionally, fulminating fat embolism syndrome can develop and lead to a critical situation within 2-3 days after lipoplasty. Changes over time in the amount of circulating fat particles and the histology of major organs have not yet been studied.

The Efficacy of Coblator in Turbinoplasty.

Background: Turbinate hypertrophy is one of the common causes of chronic nasal obstruction. In principle, therapeutic guidelines recommend medical treatment. Failure to treat turbinate thickening despite drug therapy may indicate the need for surgery.

Is Rectosigmoid Vaginoplasty Still Useful?

Background: The ideal vaginoplasty must be successful functionally as well as have a natural appearance, and also must retain its functionality and appearance over the long term. Conventional vaginoplasty techniques have functional limitations and are associated with recurrent complications, but rectosigmoid vaginoplasty is known to have a high satisfaction rate due to its functional similarity with the vagina. We conducted the present study to assess the usability of rectosigmoid vaginoplasty over the course of long-term follow-up.

Gender Reassignment Surgery in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients: A Report of Two Cases.

It is believed that surgery on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients is dangerous and should be avoided due to the possibility of postoperative infection of the patients or HIV occupational transmission to the medical staff. We discuss here the preparations and measures needed to conduct surgery safely on HIV-positive patients, based on our experience. We performed sex reassignment surgery on two HIV-positive patients from January 2013 to January 2015.

Comparison of Prostaglandin E1 and Sildenafil Citrate Administration on Skin Flap Survival in Rats.

Background: Alprostadil and sildenafil are known vasodilators used independently to improve flap survival in animal models. In this study, we investigate whether these agents act synergistically to decrease flap necrosis in rat models.

Methods: After acclimation period, 4 groups of 10 male white rats were given a modified McFarlane skin flap.

Treatment of the Mycobacterium chelonae Infection after Fat Injection.

For recent years, use of autologous fat injection has increased significantly in facial contouring surgery. Along with such increase in use, complications like atypical mycoplasma infection have been also on the increasing trend. The authors report two cases of Mycobacterium chelonae infection that occurred after autologous fat injection.

Problems associated with alloplastic materials in rhinoplasty.

Purpose: Augmentation rhinoplasty using alloplastic materials is a relatively common procedure among Asians. Silicon, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-tex®), and porous high density polyethylene (Medpor®) are most frequently used materials. This study was conducted to analyze revisional rhinoplasty cases with alloplastic materials, and to investigate the usage of alloplastic materials and their complications.

Clinical Experience of Sturdy Elevation of the Reconstructed Auricle.

Background: The ear is composed of elastic cartilage as its framework, and is covered with a thin layer of skin. Auricular reconstruction using autogenous cartilage in microtia patients requires delicacy. This paper reports clinical experiences related to elevation of reconstructed ear in the last 11 years.

An introduction to the septal extension graft.

The septal extension graft is a very useful method of controlling nasal lengthening and tip projection, rotation, and shape by fixing a graft to the septum, which leads to a strong supporting structure. Enhancing graft stability is important for better long-term outcomes and minimizing complications or relapse, and even more efficient application of these methods is needed for East Asians who lack enough cartilage to be harvested in addition to possessing a weak cartilage framework. In this paper, the methods for overcoming the drawbacks of the septal extension graft, such as instability, a fixed tip, and insufficiency of cartilage, are presented, and the applications of each method for greater satisfaction with surgical outcomes are also discussed.

Breast US in patients with breast cancer presenting as only microcalcifications on mammography: can US differentiate ductal carcinoma in situ from invasive cancer?

Purpose: To retrospectively review sonographic findings of breast cancers presenting as only microcalcifications on mammography and to evaluate factors essential for differentiating ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) from invasive cancers.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 620 consecutive patients with confirmed breast cancer according to surgery performed between March 2008 and October 2011 at our institution. Of these, 53 lesions from 52 patients who had only microcalcifications without a mass or other associated findings on mammography were selected.

Considerations for the management of cryptotia based on the experience of 34 patients.

Background: Cryptotia is a congenital ear deformity in which the upper pole appears buried beneath the mastoid skin. Cryptotia is a common auricular malformation among Asians. The aim of this paper is to examine the surgical techniques for and complications of 34 cryptotic patients.

Correction of the supratip deformity of the nose.

Background: A supratip deformity can develop either congenitally or after a poorly executed rhinoplasty, as a result of fullness or convexity just above the nasal tip.

Objective: In this article, the authors describe the causes of the supratip deformity and present their technique for surgical correction.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for 62 consecutive patients (24 primary rhinoplasty and 38 secondary rhinoplasty) treated between January 2005 and February 2010.

Reliability of reconstructed breast flap after chemotherapy and radiotherapy in immediate breast reconstruction.

Background: Postmastectomy adjuvant therapy is used to prevent locoregional recurrence and improve overall breast cancer specific survival rates. However, it can adversely affect the cosmetic results of reconstruction. Therefore, the authors examined flap stability and patients' satisfaction with immediate breast reconstruction after adjuvant therapy.

Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing GCP-2 improve heart function through enhanced angiogenic properties in a myocardial infarction model.

Aims: In this study, our aim was to evaluate the angio-vasculogenic properties of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing the granulocyte chemotactic protein (GCP)-2 (hASCs/GCP-2) and to determine possible therapeutic effects in an experimental ischaemic heart model.

Methods And Results: Quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR results revealed that hASCs/GCP-2 expressed significantly higher levels of pro-angiogenic genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin (IL)-8, when compared with control-vector transduced hASCs or human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, the anti-apoptotic insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and Akt-1 were also highly up-regulated in the hASCs/GCP-2 cells.

The etiology and treatment of the softened phallus after the radial forearm osteocutaneous free flap phalloplasty.

Background: The radial forearm osteocutaneous free flap is considered to be the standard technique for penile construction. One year after their operation, most patients experience a softened phallus, so that they suffer from difficulties in sexual intercourse. In this report, we present our experience with phalloplasty by radial forearm osteocutaneous free flap, as well as an evaluation of the etiology and treatment of the softened phallus.

Overview of mandibular condyle fracture.

The mandibular condyle is a region that plays a key role in the opening and closing of the mouth, and because fracture causes functional and aesthetic problems such as facial asymmetry, it is very important to perform accurate reduction. Traditionally, there has been disagreement on how to manage fracture of the mandibular condyle. This review explores the misunderstanding of mandibular condyle fracture treatment and modern-day treatment strategies.

Nicolau syndrome after intramuscular injection: 3 cases.

Nicolau syndrome is a rare complication of intramuscular injection consisting of ischemic necrosis of skin, soft tissue, and muscular tissue that arises locoregionally. The characteristic pattern is pain around the injection site, developing into erythema, a livedoid dermatitis patch, and necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous fat, and muscle tissue. Three patients were injected with drugs (diclofenac sodium, ketoprofen, meperidine) for pain relief.