Publications by authors named "Keun Hwa Jung"
Background And Purpose: The magnetic resonance images (MRIs) ability of lesion detection in epilepsy is crucial for a diagnosis and surgical outcome. Using automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools for measuring cortical thickness and brain volume originally developed for dementia, we aimed to identify whether it could lateralize epilepsy with normal MRIs.
Methods: Non-lesional 3-Tesla MRIs of 428 patients diagnosed with focal epilepsy, based on semiology and electroencephalography findings, were analyzed.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the role of routine blood parameters in predicting epilepsy outcomes, alongside conventional methods like imaging and EEG.
- - Analyzing data from 1782 patients over three years, the research found significant correlations between certain clinical factors (like age and gender) and seizure outcomes, with a modest improvement in prediction accuracy when blood tests were included.
- - Key blood markers such as fibrinogen and bilirubin showed some prognostic value, suggesting they could help enhance our understanding of epilepsy and treatment resistance.
Article Synopsis
- Fungal infections have high rates of illness and death, but current diagnostic tests aren't very effective, prompting the exploration of advanced techniques like nanopore amplicon metagenomic sequencing.* -
- In this study involving 84 samples from 73 patients, a comparison was made between conventional fungal assays and sequencing results, revealing that sequencing was more effective in detecting rare fungi and had a shorter turnaround time.* -
- Overall, the study found that nanopore amplicon sequencing not only led to faster results (almost 5 days quicker) but also identified more uncommon fungal infections than traditional methods, highlighting its potential for clinical use.*
Article Synopsis
- A study assessed the 1-year treatment of nilotinib in patients with autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (ADSCA), focusing on treatment efficacy and safety.
- Although the average ataxia severity, measured by the SARA score, did not significantly improve for the overall group, 62.5% of participants were considered 'responsive' based on score improvements.
- Serum proteomic analysis identified specific proteins that may help predict which patients are likely to respond to nilotinib, suggesting potential pathways for improving treatment strategies for ADSCA.
Introduction: Patent foramen ovale (PFO)-stroke, a form of cryptogenic stroke, has certain identifying clinical and imaging features. However, data describing this stroke type remain inconsistent. This study examined the potential variations in PFO-stroke features, depending on age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: The cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO) is considered a robust marker of the infarct core in O-tracer-based PET. We aimed to delineate the infarct core in patients with acute ischemic stroke by using commonly used relative CBF (rCBF) < 30% and oxygen metabolism parameter of CMRO on CT perfusion in comparison with pretreatment DWI-derived infarct core volume.
Materials And Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke who met the inclusion criteria were recruited.
Background: Late hospital arrival keeps patients with stroke from receiving recanalization therapy and is associated with poor outcomes. This study used a nationwide acute stroke registry to investigate the trends and regional disparities in prehospital delay and analyze the significant factors associated with late arrivals.
Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack between January 2012 and December 2021 were included.
Patients with stroke may develop hyperperfusion after a successful endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). However, the relationship between post-EVT hyperperfusion and clinical outcomes remains unclear and requires further clarification. We reviewed consecutive patients with anterior circulation occlusion who were successfully recanalized with EVT.
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- A study in the Republic of Korea aimed to create a national system for tracking the occurrences of stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using national health insurance claims data.
- Researchers developed and validated algorithms to identify stroke and AMI cases by reviewing medical records and calculating their predictive values.
- The study found a total of 150,837 stroke cases and 40,529 AMI cases in 2018, with calculated incidence rates of 180.2 and 46.1 per 100,000 person-years, showcasing the effectiveness of the surveillance system created.
Purpose: Febrile seizures at a young age can provoke late-onset temporal lobe epilepsy. Since recent evidence has suggested that the gut microbiome affects central nervous system pathology across the blood-brain barrier, we hypothesized that febrile seizures alter the composition of the gut microbiome to provoke epilepsy.
Methods: Third-generation C57BL/6 mice were separated into two groups (n = 5 each), and hot air was applied to only one group to cause febrile seizures.
Objective: Despite the suggested topiramate serum level of 5-20 mg/L, numerous institutions have observed substantial drug response at lower levels. We aim to investigate the correlation between topiramate serum levels, drug responsiveness, and adverse events to establish a more accurate and tailored therapeutic range.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data collected between January 2017 and January 2022 at Seoul National University Hospital.
Cerebral perfusion simulation using realistically generated synthetic trees for healthy and stroke patients.
Comput Methods Programs Biomed
February 2024
Background And Objective: Cerebral vascular diseases are among the most burdensome diseases faced by society. However, investigating the pathophysiology of diseases as well as developing future treatments still relies heavily on expensive in-vivo and in-vitro studies. The generation of realistic, patient-specific models of the cerebrovascular system capable of simulating hemodynamics and perfusion promises the ability to simulate diseased states, therefore accelerating development cycles using in silico studies and opening opportunities for the individual assessment of diseased states, treatment planning, and the prediction of outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Optimal antiplatelet strategy for patients with ischemic stroke who were already on single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different antiplatelet regimens on vascular and safety outcomes at 1 year after non-cardioembolic stroke in patients previously on SAPT.
Methods: We identified 9,284 patients with acute non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke that occurred on SAPT using linked data.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the effectiveness of nanopore sequencing for 16S rRNA analysis in diagnosing brain abscesses compared to traditional culture methods.
- The researchers analyzed pus samples from 27 patients and found that 16S sequencing identified a significantly higher proportion of anaerobic bacteria (75%) and polymicrobial infections (40%) than culture (32% and 8%, respectively).
- The findings suggest that 16S sequencing is a more sensitive and faster method for detecting pathogens, including rare ones, aiding in the diagnosis of space-occupying lesions in patients with brain abscesses.
Introduction: A proper stratification of intracranial aneurysms is critical in identifying rupture-destined aneurysms and unruptured intracranial aneurysms. We aimed to determine the utility of geometric and hemodynamic indexes in differentiating two types of aneurysms and to examine the characteristics of natural evolutionary changes of unruptured aneurysms.
Methods: Rupture-destined aneurysm refers to an aneurysm that undergoes subsequent aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed circular RNA (circRNA) expression patterns in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by harvesting brain samples at 1, 3, and 7 days post-injury, identifying significant changes in circRNA levels.
- A total of 13,298 circRNAs were studied, revealing 9, 159, and 704 circRNAs significantly elevated, and 19, 276, and 656 significantly depressed over the 7-day period.
- The research highlighted that targeting the microRNA miR-466b, associated with the most downregulated circRNA, could decrease neuronal cell death and enhance recovery, showing the importance of RNA dynamics in hemorrhagic stroke treatment.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) on patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke (AIS), comparing them with healthy individuals.
- Results show that CHIP was more prevalent in AIS patients (29%) compared to healthy controls (22%), with specific gene mutations like PPM1D linked to higher stroke odds.
- The presence of CHIP correlated with greater stroke severity, increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation, and worse functional outcomes 90 days post-stroke.
Objectives: The etiology of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is unclear in approximately 50% of patients, suggesting pathomechanical heterogeneity; moreover, little is known about outcomes according to etiology. This study investigated whether the presence of an embolic source affects outcome in CRAO.
Methods: CRAO patients within 7 days of symptom onset were retrospectively enrolled.
Article Synopsis
- Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a leading cause of drug-resistant epilepsy and requires comprehensive evaluation for effective surgical treatment; this study investigates the usefulness of a morphometric analysis program (MAP) in identifying FCD cases in a Korean medical institution.
- The study analyzed MRI scans from 87 patients who had undergone surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy; the radiologist identified FCD in 39.1% of cases, while the MAP detected it in 25.3%, but their combination raised the identification rate to 42.5%.
- Findings indicate that the MAP is particularly effective at detecting FCD type IIa and can be applied broadly without needing specific institutional standards, enhancing its potential as a reliable tool for identifying F
Background And Purpose: Moderate-intensity statin plus ezetimibe versus high-intensity statin alone may provide a greater low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction in patients with recent ischemic stroke.
Methods: This randomized, open-label, controlled trial assigned patients with recent ischemic stroke <90 days to rosuvastatin/ezetimibe 10/10 mg once daily (ROS10/EZT10) or to rosuvastatin 20 mg once daily (ROS20). The primary endpoint was LDL-C reduction ≥50% from baseline at 90 days.
Objective: Although computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is used to select and guide decision-making processes in patients with acute ischemic stroke, there is no clear standardization of the optimal threshold to predict ischemic core volume accurately. The infarct core volume with a relative cerebral blood flow(rCBF) threshold of < 30% is commonly used. We aimed to assess the volumetric agreement of the infarct core volume with different CTP parameters and thresholds using CTP software (RAPID, VITREA) and the infarct volume on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), with a short interval time (within 60 min) between CTP and follow-up DWI.
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