Cadaveric Study of Mode of Termination of Gonadal Veins: Implications for Procedures Utilizing Terminal Ends of Gonadal Veins as Entry Portals.

Context: The terminal ends of gonadal veins act as an entry portal in gonadal embolization procedures used for treating varicocele in males and pelvic congestion disease in females. Here, we studied the modes of termination of gonadal veins in adult cadavers.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five adult formalin-fixed cadavers (seventy sides) were studied over a period of 4 years.