Educational attainment could be a protective factor against obstructive sleep apnea: a study based on Mendelian randomization.

Background: Causality between education and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not known.

Methods: Genetic variants, as instrumental variables for years of education, were derived from the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium. The outcome datasets related to OSA were from the FinnGen research project (www.

Anatomy and nomenclature of tree shrew lymphoid tissues.

The immune response plays a key role in the disease development of the organism, while immune function serves as an important indicator for animal models evaluation. The tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis), as a new laboratory animal with a close genetic relationship with primates, has been used to construct various disease models. However, the immune system of tree shrews, especially anatomical descriptions of lymph nodes, is still relatively unknown.

Hemogram study of an artificially feeding tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis).

Systematic classification and determination of various cells in normal peripheral blood of artificially feeding Tupaia belangeri chinensis of different ages and genders and evaluation of the effectiveness of an automatic blood cell classification counter for measuring tree shrew blood cells. Child, young and adult tree shrews (forty for each group) were randomly selected, half male and half female. After the animals were stable, the peripheral blood of each group was collected through the femoral vein, and the morphology of various blood cells of the tree shrew was observed and classified by the manual microscopic counting method and by an automatic blood cell classification counter.