Intraocular optical quality of phakic intraocular lenses: comparison of angle-supported, iris-fixated, and posterior chamber lenses.

Purpose: To evaluate internal aberrometric profiles following phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation.

Design: Retrospective and consecutive case series.

Methods: One hundred and five eyes of 65 patients were included.

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis in high mixed astigmatism with optimized, fast-repetition and cyclotorsion control excimer laser.

Purpose: To evaluate the visual refractive and aberrometric outcomes of laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery for the correction of high mixed astigmatism using a new-generation excimer laser and optimized aspherical profiles.

Design: Retrospective interventional case series.

Methods: Fifty-two eyes of 36 patients (21-53 years) with primary mixed astigmatism over 3.

Genetic and molecular factors in drug-induced liver injury: a review.

The diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is challenging and based on complex diagnostic criteria. DILI falls into two main categories i) intrinsic "dose-dependent" Type A reactions ii) "idiosyncratic" or Type B reactions (which are usually not predictable). Idiosyncratic reactions can be immunoallergic (hypersensitivity), or metabolic, although overlap between categories can occur.

Analysis of IL-10, IL-4 and TNF-alpha polymorphisms in drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and its outcome.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to assess whether genetic polymorphism of three important candidate cytokine genes, IL-10 (-1082G/A, -819C/T, and -592C/A), IL-4 (-590C/T) and TNF-alpha (-308G/A), play a role in the susceptibility to developing drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and in determining its phenotypic expression and severity.

Methods: Cytokine genotyping was analysed using TaqMan 5' allelic discrimination assay in 140 DILI patients (mean age 51 y, range 13-82, with equal sex distribution) included in the Spanish Registry and 268 healthy controls.

Results: Genotypes, haplotypes and allele frequencies were similar for both cases and controls.

Outcome of acute idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury: Long-term follow-up in a hepatotoxicity registry.

A chronic adverse reaction may occur in some instances of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), even despite drug cessation. In our study, we obtained records from a Spanish registry and evaluated cases of DILI with biochemical evidence of long-term damage. Chronic outcome was defined as a persistent biochemical abnormality of hepatocellular pattern of damage more than 3 months after drug withdrawal or more than 6 months after cholestatic/mixed damage.

Determinants of the clinical expression of amoxicillin-clavulanate hepatotoxicity: a prospective series from Spain.

Amoxicillin-clavulanate (AC) hepatotoxicity has been reported to exhibit a higher predominance of cholestatic types of damage, especially in males. However, the determinants of its clinical expression are unknown. This study prospectively evaluated the profile of AC hepatotoxicity.

Prolonged cholestasis after raloxifene and fenofibrate interaction: A case report.

Assigning causality in drug-induced liver injury is challenging particularly when more than one drug could be responsible. We report a woman on long-term therapy with raloxifen who developed acute cholestasis shortly after starting fenofibrate. The picture evolved into chronic cholestasis.

Significance of Cox-2 expression in rectal cancers with or without preoperative radiotherapy.

Purpose: Radiotherapy has reduced local recurrence of rectal cancers, but the result is not satisfactory. Further biologic factors are needed to identify patients for more effective radiotherapy. Our aims were to investigate the relationship of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression to radiotherapy, and clinicopathologic/biologic variables in rectal cancers with or without radiotherapy.

Drug-induced liver injury: an analysis of 461 incidences submitted to the Spanish registry over a 10-year period.

Background & Aims: Progress in the understanding of susceptibility factors to drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and outcome predictability are hampered by the lack of systematic programs to detect bona fide cases.

Methods: A cooperative network was created in 1994 in Spain to identify all suspicions of DILI following a prospective structured report form. The liver damage was characterized according to hepatocellular, cholestatic, and mixed laboratory criteria and to histologic criteria when available.