Publications by authors named "Ketema D"
Objective: To examine socioeconomic inequalities in the use of cervical cancer screening among women in sub-Saharan Africa.
Design: Secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey data in sub-Saharan Africa.
Setting: Sub-Saharan Africa.
Background: Although Ethiopia has substantial improvements in various health indicators such as maternal and child mortality, the burden of neonatal mortality remains high. Between 2016 and 2019, neonatal mortality increased from 29 deaths per 1,000 live births to 33 deaths per 1,000 live births. This study aimed to explore the spatial patterns and factors contributing to neonatal mortality in Ethiopia.
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- The study examines rising obesity rates among women of reproductive age in ten Asian countries due to urbanization and lifestyle changes, using data from 2000 to 2022.
- Key risk factors identified include marital status, age, wealth, television habits, and urban living, which collectively account for 73.3% of obesity cases.
- The study highlights the importance of education and lifestyle interventions, particularly in wealthier urban areas, to combat obesity, with a specific focus on Pakistan and the Maldives.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates what influences mothers in low- and middle-income countries to seek healthcare for their children under 5 with acute respiratory infections (ARIs).
- It used data from Demographic and Health Surveys across 29 countries, analyzing 16,893 cases of children showing ARI symptoms.
- Results indicate that factors like maternal education, household wealth, attendance at antenatal care, and community poverty significantly affect healthcare-seeking behavior, suggesting that targeting these aspects could improve health outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examines how intimate partner violence (IPV) affects childhood health outcomes, highlighting its significant role in child morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.
- - Analyzing data from 37 countries, findings reveal that children under 5 years old with mothers exposed to various forms of IPV had notably higher odds of developing health issues like undernutrition, diarrhoeal disease, and acute respiratory infections.
- - The results emphasize the importance of addressing IPV as a means to improve child health and survival rates, indicating that maternal experiences of violence lead to detrimental health impacts on their children.
Background: Men exhibit higher prevalence of modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, leading to greater cancer incidence and lower survival rates. Comprehensive evidence on global cancer burden among men, including disparities by age group and country, is sparse. To address this, the authors analyzed 30 cancer types among men in 2022, with projections estimated for 2050.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Around half of preterm births lack identifiable causes, indicating the need for further investigation to understand preterm birth risk factors. Existing studies on the intergenerational association of preterm birth showed inconsistency in effect size and direction.
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to review existing studies and provide comprehensive evidence on the intergenerational association of preterm births.
Article Synopsis
- * The study analyzed data from 35 countries in SSA and found that significant contributors to neonatal deaths include delayed breastfeeding initiation and lack of maternal education, among others.
- * The findings indicate that these key factors account for nearly 40% of neonatal deaths, with consistent patterns observed across different SSA regions, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on critical modifiable risk factors for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and diarrhoea in children under five in sub-Saharan Africa, using recent data from 25 countries with a sample of over 253,000 children.
- Key risk factors for ARIs include unclean cooking fuel, poor maternal education, delayed breastfeeding initiation, and inadequate toilets, which together account for 41.5% of ARI cases.
- For diarrhoea, the major contributors are unclean cooking fuel, delayed breastfeeding, household poverty, and poor maternal education, responsible for 34.0% of diarrhoea cases.
Globally women face inequality in cancer outcomes; for example, smaller improvements in life expectancy due to decreased cancer-related deaths than men (0.5 vs 0.8 years, 1981-2010).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Supportive cancer care is vital to reducing the current disparities in cancer outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including poor survival and low quality of life, and ultimately achieving equity in cancer care. This is the first review aimed to evaluate the extent of unmet supportive care needs and identify their contributing factors among patients with cancer in SSA.
Methods: Six electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, Medline [Ovid], PsycINFO, PubMed, and Cochrane Library of Databases] were systematically searched.
Background: Epilepsy is an important cause of neurological morbidity in children and adolescents. Clinical parameters are the main diagnostic tools, especially in developing countries. Although cost-effective treatments for epilepsy are available, studies have shown that uncontrolled seizures can occur in many patients.
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- - The study in Ethiopia highlights a troubling 66.8% rate of ineffective breastfeeding techniques among mothers with infants under 6 months old, indicating a significant problem in infant feeding practices.
- - Research identified several key factors linked to ineffective breastfeeding, including lack of formal education, being a first-time mother, home deliveries, absence of breastfeeding counseling during antenatal care, issues with breastfeeding, and limited experience in breastfeeding.
- - The findings suggest a need for enhanced maternal health services, better health education, and tailored strategies to improve breastfeeding practices and support mothers more effectively.
Pre-labor rupture of membranes (PROM) is the rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor. PROM is found in 3-15% of all pregnancies and 30-40% of preterm labor worldwide. The most serious complications are neonatal and prenatal mortality, which is higher in Africa, including Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Marriage between serodiscordant individuals accounts for 65-85% of new infections. Pre-marital Human Immune Virus (HIV) testing opens the door for HIV infection prevention and control. There are no studies that have evaluated the coverage and factors influencing pre-marital HIV testing at the community level in Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Birth asphyxia is the second leading cause of neonatal death in Ethiopia, next to preterm-associated infections. Understanding the causes of death in asphyxiated newborns will help to design appropriate care. This study identifies predictors of neonatal mortality in asphyxiated newborns in selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tinea capitis accounts for25 to 30% of all fungal infections, but it is often ignored because it is not life threatening in nature. It is more common among schoolchildren particularly in developing countries. Due to the presence of significant variability among the previous studies, this study was conducted to provide a pooled prevalence and associated factors of tinea capitis in Ethiopian schoolchildren.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Infant and child mortality due to diarrhea is a very serious and widespread problem all over the world, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries. Using an oral rehydration solution (ORS) is an easy, inexpensive, and reliable way of treating dehydration and reducing diarrhea-related mortalities. However, there is limited evidence on the magnitude of knowledge of ORS packets or pre-packaged liquids and determinant factors among women in sub-Saharan African countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study was aimed to assess the food hygiene practice and associated factors among food handlers working in food establishments during the COVID-19 pandemic in East Gojjam and West Gojjam Zones, North West Ethiopia.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 845 food handlers working in 423 selected food establishments of East and West Gojjam Zones from 22 September to 2 November 2020. The food handlers were categorized as a cooker and a waiter based on their responsibility.
Despite remarkable progress in the reduction of under-five mortality; perinatal mortality is the major public health problem in Africa. In Ethiopia, the study findings on perinatal mortality and its predictors were inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the pooled perinatal mortality, and its association with antenatal care visit, maternal tetanus toxoid immunization, and partograph monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Nutritional support is becoming more widely acknowledged as a crucial component of the key package of care for HIV/AIDS patients. This nutritional support is exceptionally important for patients in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, where HIV/AIDS is very prevalent. However, there is a lack of evidence on the recovery rate and predictors at the study site and at large in Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Intestinal parasitic infection are a major public health concern affecting both children and adolescents in Ethiopia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine pooled prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infection in this target group.
Method: We systematically retrieved available articles on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection following database searches using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct between March 1 and May 27, 2020.
Background: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections are responsible for potentially significant transmission of COVID-19. Worldwide, a number of studies were conducted to estimate the magnitude of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases. However, there is a need for more robust and well-designed studies to have a relevant public health intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Understanding the epidemiological parameters that determine the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 is essential for public health intervention. Globally, a number of studies were conducted to estimate the average serial interval and incubation period of COVID-19. Combining findings of existing studies that estimate the average serial interval and incubation period of COVID-19 significantly improves the quality of evidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is a global, regional, and national public health problem that is preventable. Universal salt iodization is a worldwide accepted strategy to prevent IDD. The level of iodine in the salt should be adequate at the household level (≥15ppm).
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