[Electro-encephalographic study of the disequilibrium syndrome during bicarbonate dialysis and acetate dialysis].

Continuous long-time electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring was performed during AHD and BHD in 20 patients. Persisting normal basic activity of the EEG without neurological symptoms could be found only during the course of BHD. However, in AHD, during the decrease of arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) we registered EEG disturbances with moderate to severe slowing down, dysrythmic activity and high voltage discharges.

Electroencephalogram investigations of the disequilibrium syndrome during bicarbonate and acetate dialysis.

Continuous long-time electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring was performed during acetate and bicarbonate dialysis in 20 patients. Persisting normal basic activity of the EEG without neurological symptoms was found only during the course of bicarbonate dialysis. However, in acetate dialysis, during the decrease of arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2), we registered EEG disturbances with moderate to severe slowing, dysrhythmic activity and high voltage discharges.

Advantages of bicarbonate hemodialysis.

Six patients with frequent episodes of symptomatic hypotension during acetate dialysis were treated with bicarbonate dialysis. In all patients blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial acid-base values were measured every 30 minutes during each of the five treatments with acetate dialysis and bicarbonate dialysis. Hemodynamic parameters were measured invasively in all patients during bicarbonate dialysis and in three of them also during acetate dialysis.

Ultrastructure of square bacteria from a brine pool in Southern Sinai.

The square bacterium discovered by Walsby (Nature [London] 283:69-71, 1980) has been shown to possess the ultrastructural features of a typical halophile. The cell wall is comprised of regularly arranged subunits demonstrated by thin sectioning, shadowed replicas, and negative staining. Optical diffraction confirms the existence of both hexagonal and tetragonal arrangements of the cell wall subunits and also of different lattice constants and suggests a mixed population of bacteria.

Cytoplasmic helical structure associated with Acholeplasma laidlawii.

A distinct spiral protein structure was found in three species of Acholeplasma, but was not found in the Mycoplasma species studied. The spirals, which are 14 nm in width and of variable length from 50 to 300 nm, are formed by a helical arrangement of 7-nm subunits. A rosette-like structure 45 nm in diameter also composed of 7-nm subunits was found in close association with the spirals and may be a taut in vivo form of the spiral.

Iron incorporation into ferritin and hemoglobin during differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells.

Hemoglobin and ferritin iron content have been followed during differentiation in tissue cultures of murine erythroleukemia cells (MELC) using the techniques of Mössbauer spectroscopy and electron microscopy. In undifferentiated cells grown without DMSO, only iron stored in ferritin was detected. The amount of iron in a cell grown in the presence of iron citrate is approximately 1.

Outpatient evaluation of dietary intake and nitrogen removal in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Five patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were studied to evaluate dietary intake, glucose absorption from the dialysate, and urinary and dialysate nitrogen removal. The study was done on an outpatient basis, while the patients ingested their usual diets and went about their usual activities. The results indicate that patients greatly overestimated their caloric and protein intake, which was 0.

Protein losses during peritoneal dialysis.

The losses of protein into dialysate have been considered a major limitation of maintenance peritoneal dialysis. We, therefore, undertook a comprehensive evaluation of protein losses in 30 patients undergoing maintenance intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD), 12 patients undergoing acute IPD, and 8 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The weekly loss of protein based upon the usual treatments per week was relatively similar with the three modes of dialysis.

Two elongation factors from the extremely halophilic archaebacterium Halobacterium cutirubrum. Assay systems and purification at high salt concentrations.

Two peptide chain elongation factors from Halobacterium cutirubrum were purified nearly to homogeneity. They were identified and characterized by three assay systems working at very high salt concentrations: poly(Phe) synthesis, GDP binding and ADP-ribosylation. The purification procedure consisted of Sepharose 4B chromatography with a decreasing ammonium sulfate gradient, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 in the presence of (NH4)2SO4 and, for each of the two separated factors, an independent adsorption chromatography on hydroxyapatite.

Nutritional behaviour of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Seven patients on home continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were investigated for their spontaneous nutritional behaviour. Energy intake with dialysate glucose gain amounted to 130kJ/kg BW/day. The distribution found was: 56% carbohydrates, 35% fat and 10.

Archaebacterial elongation factor is ADP-ribosylated by diphtheria toxin.

Archaebacteria have been defined as a 'third primary kingdom' of cells in addition to the urkaryotes and the eubacteria. While the latter two correspond approximately to the conventional categories eukaryotes and prokaryotes respectively, the Archaebacteria have up to now comprised four groups of microorganisms: the methanogenic bacteria, the extremely halophilic bacteria and the two thermoacidophilic genera Sulfolobus and Thermoplasma. Based on ribosomal RNA sequence homologies and lipid composition, they apparently form a distinct group.

Clinical and metabolic aspects of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

Experience with CAPD in 14 patients, treated for periods of 2-10 months, is presented. Clinical and biochemical control of uremia appeared adequate in all patients except one. Control of extracellular volume and hypertension was easier with CAPD than with intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD).

Efficacy of an unselected protein diet (25 g) with minor oral supply of essential amino acids and keto analogues compared with a selective protein diet (40 g) in chronic renal failure.

The efficacy of a mixed protein-poor diet (25 g) with an intake of only 12 tablets of essential amino acids or keto analogues (= 0.9 Rose units) was compared with that of a selective protein diet (40 g). Twenty-eight patients with chronic renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance 13.

Iron storage in Mycoplasma capricolum.

Considerable quantities or iron were incorporated into the Mycoplasma capricolum cell membrane. Mossbauer studies showed that the iron is in a form which becomes magnetically ordered at low temperatures. The iron-enriched cells contained membrane-bound electron-dense particles of about 6.

Ornidazole in the prevention of infections after abdominal hysterectomy.

Following informed consent, 226 consecutive patients scheduled to undergo abdominal hysterectomy entered a randomized double-blind clinical trial to determine the efficacy of ornidazole versus placebo in the prevention of postoperative infections. Postoperative abscesses occurred in 2 patients (1.8%) in the ornidazole group compared to 5 patients (4.

Averages of glutamine synthetase molecules as obtained with various skin and electron dose conditions.

Averaged projections of individual glutamine synthetase molecules have been obtained by using electron microscopy and image processing. The methodology of correlation averaging under low dose conditions is described in detail. Because of their low signal-to-noise ratio, images made under low dose conditions cannot be directly interpreted in terms of high resolution features.

[Continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)].

Eleven patients were treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for periods of 2-7 months (48 patient-months). Clinical and biochemical control of uremia was adequate in all patients. Control of hypertension and serum phosphate level was easier than with previous intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD).

Recirculation dialysis (RD) (20 to 40 liters of dialysate) with venous bicarbonate buffering - an alternative procedure to hemofiltration (HF).

We report about a dialysis procedure, the circulation stability of which is comparable to hemofiltration treatment. Hemodynamic parameters were measured invasively and different procedures were compared for each patient. In RD and HF significant reduction in cardiac output (HF: --20%, RD: --21.