Spinal sirtuin 2 attenuates bone cancer pain by deacetylating FoxO3a.

Bone cancer pain (BCP) is refractory to currently used analgesics. Recently, sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) was reported to play a vital role in neuropathic pain but its role in BCP remains unknown. It was hypothesized that spinal SIRT2 attenuates BCP by deacetylating FoxO3a and suppressing oxidative stress.

A comparative study on the effect of dopamine vs phenylephrine in improving the cutaneous analgesic effect of mexiletine in rats.

Background: The present study aimed to compare the effects of the combined administration of two adjuvants, dopamine and phenylephrine, on the cutaneous analgesic effect and duration of mexiletine in rats.

Methods: Nociceptive blockage was evaluated by the inhibition of response to skin pinpricks in rats via the cutaneous trunci muscle reflex (CTMR). After subcutaneous injection, the analgesic activities of mexiletine in the absence and presence of either dopamine or phenylephrine were assessed.

A comparative study of serotonin and norepinephrine as adjuncts to improve cutaneous antinociception of mexiletine in response to skin pinpricks in rats.

As adrenaline, serotonin and norepinephrine are two other vasoconstrictors and both of which have been proved to increase the quality and duration of local anesthetics when added as adjuvants. However, the difference in the improvement of the nociception of local anesthetics between the two adjuvants remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the cutaneous nociception of mexiletine by coadministration with serotonin and norepinephrine.