Impact of genetic variants on fentanyl metabolism in major breast surgery patients: a candidate gene association study.

Aim: The study aimed to examine the association of two selected candidate SNPs rs2242480 (CYP3A4) and rs1045642 (ABCB1) with metabolic ratio of plasma norfentanyl to fentanyl concentrations in patients undergoing major breast surgeries.

Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study was done in 257 female patients. DNA extraction, genotyping of selected SNPs, and drug levels measurement were employed.

Impact of genetic polymorphism on carbamazepine dose requirement among Southern Indian persons with epilepsy.

Objectives: Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the oldest, yet first line drugs for treating epilepsy. However, there is a large inter-individual difference in requirement of maintenance dose and one third of persons treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) exhibit drug resistance to therapy. One of the proposed mechanisms for the drug resistance was increased expression of efflux transporter P-glycoprotein.

Association of ITPA 94C>A genetic polymorphisms with azathioprine induced adverse effects in the South Indian population.

Objectives: Azathioprine (AZA) is an effective immunosuppressant commonly used for malignancy and immune-mediated disorders. The association between genetic polymorphisms and AZA-induced adverse effects has not been elucidated. Hence this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of ITPA (C94A) with azathioprine-induced adverse effects.

Impact of and polymorphisms on valproate-associated adverse drug reactions in individuals living with epilepsy: a case-control study.

Epilepsy is characterized by repeated seizure activity. Valproate, a commonly used antiepileptic drug, shows large inter-individual variation in plasma valproic levels and causes many adverse drug reactions. To find the influence of and polymorphisms on valproate-associated adverse drug reactions and plasma valproic acid levels in people with epilepsy.

Genetic polymorphisms of microsomal epoxide hydrolase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and its effects on plasma carbamazepine levels and metabolic ratio in persons with epilepsy of South India: A cross-sectional genetic association study.

Objectives: Carbamazepine (CBZ), an anti-seizure drug, is widely prescribed for the management of focal seizures. At a given therapeutic dose, CBZ exhibits marked interindividual variation in the plasma CBZ levels. The aim wasto study the influence of EPHX1 c.

Influence of c.337 T>C and genetic polymorphisms on the requirement of carbamazepine maintenance dose in persons with epilepsy (PWE) of Southern part of India: a cross-sectional genetic association study.

Objectives: Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a first-line antiseizure drug used for focal onset seizures. It exhibits inter-individual variability in plasma carbamazepine levels and there are both genetic and non-genetic factors having a role in the requirement of CBZ maintenance dose. The aim was to study the influence of c.

Impact of pharmacogenomics in achieving personalized/precision medicine in the clinical setting: a symposium report.

The Indo-Swiss symposium on pharmacogenomic strategies for the implementation of personalized medicine was conducted as part of the Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Integrated Pharmacogenomics Program in Puducherry, India, on 19 November 2022. The symposium was conducted in hybrid mode. The theme of symposium was the impact of pharmacogenomics on the achievement of personalized medicine/precision medicine in the clinical setting.

Predictive models for fentanyl dose requirement and postoperative pain using clinical and genetic factors in patients undergoing major breast surgery.

Fentanyl exhibits interindividual variability in its dose requirement due to various nongenetic and genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This study aims to develop and cross-validate robust predictive models for postoperative fentanyl analgesic requirement and other related outcomes in patients undergoing major breast surgery. Data regarding genotypes of 10 candidate SNPs, cold pain test (CPT) scores, pupillary response to fentanyl (PRF), and other common clinical characteristics were recorded from 257 patients undergoing major breast surgery.

Impact of Genetic Variants on Postoperative Pain and Fentanyl Dose Requirement in Patients Undergoing Major Breast Surgery: A Candidate Gene Association Study.

Background: Postoperative analgesia is crucial for the early and effective recovery of patients undergoing surgery. Although postoperative multimodal analgesia is widely practiced, opioids such as fentanyl are still one of the best analgesics. The analgesic response of fentanyl varies widely among individuals, probably due to genetic and nongenetic factors.

Antibiotic-prescribing pattern in the outpatient departments using the WHO prescribing indicators and AWaRe assessment tool in a tertiary-care hospital in South India.

Context: Rational drug use has a great role of influence in health care. The fact sheet given by the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that around 50% of the drugs are prescribed, dispensed, and sold inappropriately. One of the major consequences of irrational drug use in infections is antibiotic resistance.

Medicine Storage and Dispensing Facilities in Public Healthcare Pharmacies of Puducherry, India.

Background Large amounts of medicines are wasted during procurement, storage, distribution, and utilization. Proper procurement, storage, dispensing, and documentation of medicines are important aspects of pharmacy management. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Indian Pharmaceutical Association (IPA) have developed guidelines for the storage and dispensing of medicines by pharmacists.

Availability of Key Essential Medicines in Public Health Facilities of South Indian Union Territory: One of the Crucial Components of Universal Health Coverage.

Introduction The supply of essential medicines is one of the vital components of primary health care. One of the important objectives of Indian health policy is to provide all the essential medicines at an affordable cost for the public. The performance of healthcare facilities is directly affected by the supply of essential medicines.

Assessment of medicine use based on WHO drug-use indicators in public health facilities of the South Indian Union Territory.

Objective: To assess medicine use based on World Health Organization (WHO) core drug-use indicators in selected public health facilities of the South Indian Union Territory.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted for period of one year (from March 2019 to February 2020) in 10 selected public health facilities based on the WHO document How to investigate drug use in health facilities. Total 900 prescriptions were analysed to study prescribing, patient care and health facility indicators.

CYP2C19 & UGT1A6 genetic polymorphisms and the impact on Valproic acid-induced weight gain in people with epilepsy: Prospective genetic association study.

Objectives: To study the association between CYP2C19*2 (681 G > A) and UGT1A6*2 (552A > C) polymorphisms on Valproic acid (VPA)-induced weight gain in People with epilepsy (PWE).

Methods: We recruited PWE on VPA monotherapy and genotyped for CYP2C19 and UGT1A6 polymorphisms. Association between CYP2C19 polymorphism and weight gain was the primary outcome parameter.

Frequency and risk factors of bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity in South Indian patients with germ-cell tumors.

Aim: Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) regimen is the standard treatment for germ-cell tumors (GCTs). Bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity (BPT) is fatal and dose-limiting toxicity associated with this regimen. In this study, we aimed to identify the frequency and risk factors of BPT in South Indian GCT patients receiving BEP regimen.

Indo-Swiss symposium on advances in pharmacogenomic strategies for implementation of personalized medicine.

The Indo-Swiss symposium on advances in pharmacogenomic strategies for implementation of personalized medicine was conducted as a part of the JIPMER Integrated Pharmacogenomics Program (JIPP), held in Puducherry, India on 23 November 2019. The symposium focused on the growing contribution of pharmacogenomic information in designing treatment strategies and promoting better approaches to personalized medicine. The primary objective of this symposium was to bridge gaps in understanding the basics and recent advances in the field of pharmacogenomics.

Variants in and genes are not associated with bleomycin-induced lung injury in Hodgkin lymphoma patients.

Pulmonary toxicity is a well-known adverse reaction of bleomycin. In this study, we investigated the influence of and genetic variants on the development of bleomycin-induced lung injury (BILI) in south Indian patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma patients receiving adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine regimen were recruited for the study and BILI was diagnosed based on symptoms and/or radiological signs.

Influence of cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) genetic polymorphism on dose-adjusted plasma levels of carbamazepine in epileptic patients in South Indian population.

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the dose-adjusted plasma levels of carbamazepine (CBZ) among expressers and nonexpressers of cytochrome P450 3A5 genotypes.

Subjects And Methods: The study was carried out in 100 epileptic patients who were on CBZ monotherapy. Steady-state plasma CBZ levels were measured using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method, and genotyping of was done using real-time polymerase chain reaction method.

Association of CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP2J2 gene polymorphisms with myocardial infarction in South Indian population.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a complex multi-factorial, polygenic disorder arising from an interaction between genetic makeup of individuals and various environmental factors. CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP2J2 gene involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid, generates epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) that mediate dilation of coronary arteries improving post-ischemic cardiac contractile function, reduce vascular inflammation, and increase intravascular fibrinolysis.

Haplotype structures of common variants of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and ADRB1 genes in a South Indian population.

Introduction: In association with candidate genes, the observed trait may be due to either one of the variant alleles or the interaction of variant alleles at different loci, which are in linkage disequilibrium.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the baseline allele and genotype frequencies, linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns, and haplotype structures of common variants of the CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and ADRB1 genes located on chromosome 10.

Methods: Two hundred and forty-five healthy subjects were recruited from South India and were compared with the HapMap Project's population for LD pattern, allele and genotype frequencies, and haplotype structures.

Influence of CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism and undernourishment on plasma-free phenytoin concentrations in epileptic patients.

The objective of this study was to study the effect of CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism and undernourishment on free phenytoin concentrations in epileptic patients. The study was done in 70 patients who were taking phenytoin therapy for the treatment of epileptic seizures. Genotyping of CYP2C9 (*2 and *3) was determined by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

Influence of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on phenytoin-induced neurological toxicity in Indian epileptic patients.

Objective: Cytochrome P450 2C9 and 2C19 (CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, respectively) genetic polymorphisms play an important role in phenytoin (PHT) metabolism. We have evaluated whether these genetic polymorphisms have an effect on PHT-induced neurological toxicity in Tamilian (ethnic group native to southern India) patients with epilepsy.

Methods: We studied 292 Tamilian patients who were taking PHT for the treatment of various epileptic seizures.

Severe phenytoin toxicity in a CYP2C9*3*3 homozygous mutant from India.

The authors report an Indian adult female patient with a history of generalized tonic clonic seizures who developed severe features of phenytoin (DPH) toxicity on therapeutic dosage of this antiepileptic drug. Administration of 300 mg/day of DPH in this patient resulted in toxic symptoms associated with an excessive serum DPH concentration of 33 microg/ml. The PCR-RFLP analysis revealed a homozygosity involving CYP2C9*3*3.

Allele and genotype frequency of MDR1 C3435T in Tamilian population.

The allele and genotype frequencies of MDR1 C3435T polymorphism were determined in 185 unrelated healthy Tamilians. The genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leucocytes using phenol chloroform method and genotyped by PCR-RFLP method. The frequencies of MDR1 C3435 and T3435 alleles in Tamilian population were 0.